scholarly journals mTOR drives cerebral blood flow and memory deficits in LDLR−/− mice modeling atherosclerosis and vascular cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan B Jahrling ◽  
Ai-Ling Lin ◽  
Nicholas DeRosa ◽  
Stacy A Hussong ◽  
Candice E Van Skike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Mtor Inhibition ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

We recently showed that mTOR attenuation blocks progression and abrogates established cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse models. These outcomes were associated with the restoration of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain vascular density (BVD) resulting from relief of mTOR inhibition of NO release. Recent reports suggested a role of mTOR in atherosclerosis. Because mTOR drives aging and vascular dysfunction is a universal feature of aging, we hypothesized that mTOR may contribute to brain vascular and cognitive dysfunction associated with atherosclerosis. We measured CBF, BVD, cognitive function, markers of inflammation, and parameters of cardiovascular disease in LDLR−/− mice fed maintenance or high-fat diet ± rapamycin. Cardiovascular pathologies were proportional to severity of brain vascular dysfunction. Aortic atheromas were reduced, CBF and BVD were restored, and cognitive dysfunction was attenuated potentially through reduction in systemic and brain inflammation following chronic mTOR attenuation. Our studies suggest that mTOR regulates vascular integrity and function and that mTOR attenuation may restore neurovascular function and cardiovascular health. Together with our previous studies in AD models, our data suggest mTOR-driven vascular damage may be a mechanism shared by age-associated neurological diseases. Therefore, mTOR attenuation may have promise for treatment of cognitive impairment in atherosclerosis.

58. Association between SPECT-episodic memory correlation and cerebral blood flow in mild cognitive impairment

2008 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. e113-e114
Author(s):  
C. Sanchez Catasús ◽  
J. Samper ◽  
R. Diaz ◽  
A. Aguila ◽  
Y. Ginarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Episodic Memory

Cerebral blood flow and cognitive dysfunction after coronary surgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1174-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Abildstrom ◽  
Peter Høgh ◽  
Bjørn Sperling ◽  
Jakob T Moller ◽  
Stig Yndgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Coronary Surgery

scholarly journals Trial of remote ischaemic preconditioning in vascular cognitive impairment (TRIC-VCI): protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e040466
Author(s):  
Aravind Ganesh ◽  
Philip Barber ◽  
Sandra E Black ◽  
Dale Corbett ◽  
Thalia S Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Ischaemic Brain

IntroductionCerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) accounts for 20%–25% of strokes and is the most common cause of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). In an animal VCI model, inducing brief periods of limb ischaemia-reperfusion reduces subsequent ischaemic brain injury with remote and local protective effects, with hindlimb remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) improving cerebral blood flow, decreasing white-matter injury and improving cognition. Small human trials suggest RIC is safe and may prevent recurrent strokes. It remains unclear what doses of chronic daily RIC are tolerable and safe, whether effects persist after treatment cessation, and what parameters are optimal for treatment response.Methods and analysisThis prospective, open-label, randomised controlled trial (RCT) with blinded end point assessment and run-in period, will recruit 24 participants, randomised to one of two RIC intensity groups: one arm treated once daily or one arm twice daily for 30 consecutive days. RIC will consistent of 4 cycles of blood pressure cuff inflation to 200 mm Hg for 5 min followed by 5 min deflation (total 35 min). Selection criteria include: age 60–85 years, evidence of cSVD on brain CT/MRI, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score 13–24 and preserved basic activities of living. Outcomes will be assessed at 30 days and 90 days (60 days after ceasing treatment). The primary outcome is adherence (completing ≥80% of sessions). Secondary safety/tolerability outcomes include the per cent of sessions completed and pain/discomfort scores from patient diaries. Efficacy outcomes include changes in cerebral blood flow (per arterial spin-label MRI), white-matter hyperintensity volume, diffusion tensor imaging, MoCA and Trail-Making tests.Ethics and disseminationResearch Ethics Board approval has been obtained. The results will provide information on feasibility, dose, adherence, tolerability and outcome measures that will help design a phase IIb RCT of RIC, with the potential to prevent VCI. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, organisations and meetings.Trial registration numberNCT04109963.

scholarly journals A case report of mania with abnormal cerebral blood flow and cognitive impairment 24 years after head trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yoshino ◽  
Chieko Aoki ◽  
Soichiro Kitamura ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamamuro ◽  
Shohei Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Head Trauma

scholarly journals Effect of Toki-Shakuyaku-San on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruyuki Matsuoka ◽  
Jin Narumoto ◽  
Keisuke Shibata ◽  
Aiko Okamura ◽  
Shogo Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of toki-shakuyaku-san (TSS) on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). All subjects were administered TSS (7.5 g/day) for eight weeks. SPECT and evaluations using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and Physical Self-Maintenance Scale were performed before and after treatment with TSS. Three patients with MCI and five patients with AD completed the study. No adverse events occurred during the study period. After treatment with TSS, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the posterior cingulate was significantly higher than that before treatment. No brain region showed a significant decrease in rCBF. TSS treatment also tended to improve the score for orientation to place on the MMSE. These results suggest that TSS could be useful for treatment of MCI and AD.

scholarly journals Decreased physical activity predicts cognitive dysfunction and reduced cerebral blood flow in heart failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 339 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Alosco ◽  
Mary Beth Spitznagel ◽  
Ronald Cohen ◽  
Naftali Raz ◽  
Lawrence H. Sweet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction

scholarly journals Cerebral Blood Flow and Its Connectivity Deficits in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury at the Acute Stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fengfang Li ◽  
Liyan Lu ◽  
Song’an Shang ◽  
Huiyou Chen ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Right

Objective. The influence of cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on cerebral vascular perfusion has been widely concerned, yet the resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) connectivity alterations based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remain unclear. This study investigated region CBF and CBF connectivity features in acute mTBI patients, as well as the associations between CBF changes and cognitive impairment. Materials and Methods. Forty-five acute mTBI patients and 42 health controls underwent pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The alterations in regional CBF and relationship between the CBF changes and cognitive impairment were detected. The ASL-CBF connectivity of the brain regions with regional CBF significant differences was also compared between two groups. Neuropsychological tests covered seven cognitive domains. Associations between the CBF changes and cognitive impairment were further investigated. Results. Compared with the healthy controls, the acute mTBI patients exhibited increased CBF in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and decreased CBF in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), the bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and the right cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL). In the mTBI patients, significant correlations were identified between the CBF changes and cognitive impairment. Importantly, the acute mTBI patients exhibited CBF disconnections between the right CPL and right fusiform gyrus (FG) as well as bilateral ITG, between the left SFG and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and between the right SFG and right FG as well as right parahippocampal gyrus. Conclusion. Our results suggest that acute mTBI patients exhibit both regional CBF abnormalities and CBF connectivity deficits, which may underlie the cognitive impairment of the acute mTBI patients.

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