scholarly journals Parenting and Adolescent Self-Regulation Mediate Between Family Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Adjustment

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julee P. Farley ◽  
Jungmeen Kim-Spoon
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Adolescent Adjustment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Family Stress Model ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status

Using two waves of longitudinal data, we utilized the family stress model of economic hardship to test whether family socioeconomic status is related to adolescent adjustment (substance use and academic achievement) through parental knowledge and adolescent self-regulation (behavioral self-control and delay discounting). Participants included 220 adolescent (55% male, [Formula: see text]age = 13 years at Wave 1, [Formula: see text]age = 15 years at Wave 2) and primary caregiver dyads. Results of Structural Equation Modeling revealed significant three-path mediation effects such that low family socioeconomic status at Wave 1 is associated with low parental knowledge at Wave 1, which in turn was related to low academic performance and high substance use at Wave 2 mediated through low adolescent behavioral self-control at Wave 2. The results illustrate how parental knowledge, influenced by family economic status, may play an important role in the development of adolescent behavioral self-control and adjustment.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Gang Involvement Among Juvenile Offenders: Assessing the Mediation Effects of Substance Use and Temperament Deficits

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Michael T. Baglivio ◽  
Hannah J. Klein ◽  
Alex R. Piquero ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Gang Involvement ◽  
Adverse Childhood

A growing body of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Less understood is the role of ACEs in gang involvement among juvenile offenders. The current longitudinal study employs a sample of 104,267 juvenile offenders (mean age of 16, 76% male, 46% Black non-Hispanic, 15.7% Hispanic) to examine the effect of ACE exposure on two different measures of gang involvement by age 18. We use structural equation modeling to test whether higher ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement and whether current substance use and/or difficult temperament mediates the ACE-gang involvement relationship. Results indicate ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement by age 18, but that much of the effect of ACEs on later gang involvement can be explained by their impact on current substance abuse and difficult temperament. Implications for juvenile justice systems are discussed.

Healthful Behaviors: Do They Protect African-American, Urban Preadolescents from Abusable Substance Use?

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann D'Elio ◽  
Diane J. Mundt ◽  
Patricia J. Bush ◽  
Ronald J. Iannotti
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
African American ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Personal Use

Purpose. Relationships between positive health behaviors and abusable substance use in preadolescent, urban, African-American schoolchildren were investigated. Design. Personal interviews and classroom surveys were used to assess health behavior and abusable substance use cross-sectionally. Setting. All respondents resided in the District of Columbia and attended the public school system. Subjects. The sample consisted of 303 urban, African-American fourth and fifth graders (151 boys, 152 girls). Measures. Classroom surveys assessed drinking, drinking without parental knowledge, smoking, use of other abusable substances, friends' use, self-esteem, and academic performance. Personal interviews assessed children's diet, exercise, overall health behavior, and socioeconomic status. Results. Logistic regressions showed that children who engaged in more health behaviors (exercise and proper nutrition) were one-third less likely to have smoked (OR=0.66) or to have drunk alcohol (OR=0.63) than those who engaged in fewer healthful activities. However, when gender, socioeconomic status, self-esteem, academic performance, personal use, and friends' use of other abusable substances were controlled, relationships were no longer statistically significant. Conclusions. These findings suggest that although positive health behaviors appear to be inversely related to abusable substance use in urban, African-American préadolescents, the relationship may be spurious.

scholarly journals Childhood Economic Strains in Predicting Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood: Mediation Effects of Youth Self-Control and Parenting Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1130-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Ti Lee ◽  
F. Joseph McClernon ◽  
Scott H. Kollins ◽  
Kevin Prybol ◽  
Bernard F. Fuemmeler
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Mediation Effects

scholarly journals Undercontrolled Temperament at Age 3 Predicts Disordered Gambling at Age 32

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy S. Slutske ◽  
Terrie E. Moffitt ◽  
Richie Poulton ◽  
Avshalom Caspi
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Disordered Gambling ◽  
Observational Assessment ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gambling Prevention

Using data from the large, 30-year prospective Dunedin cohort study, we examined whether preexisting individual differences in childhood temperament predicted adulthood disordered gambling (a diagnosis covering the full continuum of gambling-related problems). A 90-min observational assessment at age 3 was used to categorize children into five temperament groups, including one primarily characterized by behavioral and emotional undercontrol. The children with undercontrolled temperament at 3 years of age were more than twice as likely to evidence disordered gambling at ages 21 and 32 than were children who were well-adjusted at age 3. These associations could not be explained by differences in childhood IQ or family socioeconomic status. Cleanly demonstrating the temporal relation between behavioral undercontrol and adult disordered gambling is an important step toward building more developmentally sensitive theories of disordered gambling and may put researchers in a better position to begin considering potential routes to disordered-gambling prevention through enhancing self-control and emotional regulation.

scholarly journals The impact of family socioeconomic status on prosocial behavior: a survey of college students in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Bian ◽  
Diming Wu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Child Attachment ◽  
Parent Child

AbstractCollege students’ prosocial behaviors have been shown to help them to attain honor, achieve happiness, and improve their social adaptation. This study was designed to examine the mediating roles of parent-child attachment and emotion regulation self-efficacy in the relationship between family socioeconomic status and prosocial behaviors. A survey was conducted among 458 college students randomly selected from six universities in two Chinese provinces characterized by a medium level of higher education development. The model was verified by structural equation modeling and mediation effect testing methods. The study revealed that family socioeconomic status had a positive effect on parent-child attachment and emotion regulation self-efficacy, but had no direct effect on the students’ prosocial behavior. Moreover, parent-child attachment and emotional regulation self-efficacy both mediated the influence of family socioeconomic status on the prosocial behavior of college students. Finally, family socioeconomic status affected the prosocial behavior of college students through the chain of parent-child attachment and emotional self-efficacy.

The Relevance of Hostility and Self-Control as Mediators of the Relationship Between Antisocial Personality Disorder and Offending

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872096850
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Pathways To Desistance ◽  
The Relationship

Hostility and low self-control are two hallmark characteristics of antisocial personality disorder and are also risk factors for offending. This study tested for mediating effects of these concepts for explaining the antisocial personality disorder-offending relationship. The Pathways to Desistance data were used in analyses. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to estimate these relationships. A Clogg Z test was used to test the equivalence of the mediation effects. Results indicated that antisocial personality disorder diagnosis was associated with offending. Inclusion of hostility and self-control in the model accounted for 65% of the antisocial personality disorder-offending relationship and attenuated it to non-significance. Only self-control was a significant mediator of this relationship and the magnitude of this effect was significantly greater hostility.

scholarly journals Striving to Avoid Inferiority and Procrastination among University Students: The Mediating Roles of Stress and Self-Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5570
Author(s):  
Peter-Yee-Lap To ◽  
Barbara-Chuen-Yee Lo ◽  
Ting-Kin Ng ◽  
Bernard-Pak-Ho Wong ◽  
Anna-Wai-Man Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
University Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Actual Duration ◽  
The Relationship

The current study intended to examine whether the relationship between university students’ striving to avoid inferiority (SAI) and procrastination was serially mediated by stress and self-control. The sample consisted of 154 Hong Kong university students. Their levels of striving to avoid inferiority, stress, self-control, and procrastination were measured by the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale (SAIS), the stress subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ), and the General Procrastination Scale (GPS), respectively. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that SAI positively predicted stress, stress negatively predicted self-control, and self-control negatively predicted procrastination. SAI did not directly predict procrastination. The results of bootstrapping analyses supported the hypotheses that the effect of stress on procrastination was mediated by self-control, the effect of SAI on self-control was mediated by stress, and more importantly, the effect of SAI on procrastination was serially mediated by stress and self-control. Further research is suggested to investigate the thoughts and feelings pertinent to procrastination and the actual duration of procrastination among university students.

How Does Self-Control Affect Academic Achievement of Adolescents? The Dual Perspectives of Teacher-Student Relationship and Mastery Approach Goals

2021 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2110309
Author(s):  
Caina Li ◽  
Yining Song ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mastery Goals ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student

This three-wave longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether the relationship between self-control and academic achievement, through mastery goals, was conditional on the nature of the teacher-student relationships. A total of 852 junior school students in China completed questionnaires about self-control, mastery goals, and teacher-student relationships. Academic achievement was obtained from the school. The analyses of moderated mediation effects based on structural equation modeling showed that teacher-student emotional conflict increased the negative effect of students’ low self-control on academic achievement via mastery goals, whereas teacher-student emotional support failed to moderate this link. Thus, both mediating and moderating effects exist in the association between self-control and adolescents’ academic achievement.

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