Characterization of parotid gland tumors using T2 mapping imaging: initial findings

Background Preoperative accurate characterization of parotid gland tumors in different histologic types is crucial. T2 mapping has been proven to be useful for improving the accuracy of tumor characterization. Purpose To evaluate the ability of T2 mapping imaging in the characterization of parotid gland tumors. Material and Methods T2 mapping imaging was scanned in 74 patients (56 benign, 18 malignant) with pathologically confirmed parotid gland tumors. Mean T2 relaxation time was calculated and compared between benign and malignant group, and among malignant tumors, Warthin’s tumors, and pleomorphic adenomas. Independent-samples t test, one-way analysis of variance test, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used for statistical analyses. Results The malignant group showed significantly lower T2 relaxation times than the benign group ( P = 0.001). Using a relaxation time of 91.5 ms as the cut-off value, optimal diagnostic performance could be achieved (area under the curve [AUC] 0.679, sensitivity 46.4%, specificity 94.4%). Pleomorphic adenomas showed significantly higher T2 relaxation times than malignant tumors ( P = 0.003) and Warthin’s tumors ( P = 0.001). However, no significant difference was found on the T2 relaxation times between Warthin’s tumors and malignant tumors ( P = 0.435). Optimal diagnostic performance could be achieved (AUC 0.783, sensitivity 58.1%, specificity 94.4%), when setting a T2 value of 92.0 ms as the threshold value for differentiating pleomorphic adenomas from malignant tumors. Meanwhile, optimal AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.892, 87.1%, and 83.3%, respectively, when setting a T2 value of 80.5 ms as the threshold value for differentiating pleomorphic adenomas from Warthin’s tumors. Conclusion T2 mapping imaging could serve as an incremental imaging biomarker for characterizing parotid gland tumors.

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Parotid gland tumors: comparison of conventional and diffusion-weighted MRI findings with histopathological results

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology ◽

10.1259/dmfr.20200391 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20200391

Author(s):

Can Zafer Karaman ◽

Ahmet Tanyeri ◽

Recep Özgür ◽

Veli Süha Öztürk

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Parotid Gland Tumors ◽

Conventional Mri ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽

Adc Values ◽

The Mean

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pathological classification of parotid gland tumors and conventional MRI – diffusion-weighted imaging findings and also contribute the possible effect of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) to diagnosis. Methods: 60 patients with parotid masses diagnosed using histopathology and/or cytology were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were evaluated using a 1.5 T MRI. Demographic features, conventional MRI findings, and ADC values (mean, minimum, maximum, and relative) were recorded. MRI findings and ADC values were compared between benign–malignant groups and pleomorphic adenoma vs Warthin’s tumor groups. Results: 60 tumors (48 benign, 12 malignant) were evaluated in a total of 60 patients (39 males, 21 females). The mean age was 59 (±14, 18–86) years old; the mean lesion size was 26 (±10, 11–61) mm. On the texture of conventional MRI, T2 dominantly hyperintense/with hypointensity signal was seen in 87% of pleomorphic adenomas and T2 dominantly hypointense/with hyperintesity signal was encountered in 64% of all Warthin’s tumors. Seven (28%) Warthin’s tumors were misdiagnosed as pleomorphic adenomas and two others (8%) as malignant tumors. The commonly used mean ADC value was 1.6 ± 0.6 × 10–3 mm2 s−1 for benign tumors, 0.8 ± 0.3 × 10–3 mm2 s−1 for malign tumors, 1 (0.9–1.8) × 10–3 mm2 s−1 for Warthin’s tumors, and 1.9 ± 0.3 × 10–3 mm2 s−1 for pleomorphic adenomas. There was a statistically significant difference in ADC values between benign-malignant tumors and pleomorphic adenomas-Warthin’s tumors. Conclusions: Warthin’s tumor may occasionally be misdiagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma and malignant tumor because of variable morphologic features. In addition to benign–malignant differentiation, the added ADC measurement may also be useful for differentiating Warthin’s tumors from pleomorphic adenomas.

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Influence of post-label delay time on the performance of 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging in the characterization of parotid gland tumors

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-021-08220-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Hu ◽

Lu Chen ◽

Liu-Ning Zhu ◽

Wei Chen ◽

Guo-Yi Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Delay Time ◽

Arterial Spin Labeling ◽

Spin Labeling ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Parotid Gland Tumors ◽

Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling

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Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Parotid Gland Tumors with MRI and Diffusion Weighted Imaging

Medeniyet Medical Journal ◽

10.5222/mmj.2021.84666 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Umut Perçem Orhan Söylemez ◽

Başak Atalay

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Signal Intensity ◽

Perineural Spread ◽

Adc Value ◽

Parotid Gland Tumors ◽

Superficial Lobe ◽

Adjacent Structures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽

Adc Values

Objective: This study investigated the effectivity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) value in evaluating parotid gland tumors (PGTs), and aimed to reduce the biopsy procedure before surgery. Methods: This retrospective study included 54 PGTs of 42 patients’ (24 female, 18 male, mean age; 51.4±15.9). All of the patients had an MRI, and histopathologic diagnosis. The signal intensity [T1 and T2 Weighted (W), T1W after intravenous contrast agent injection] and mean ADC values of the PGTs were measured. Also contrast enhancement pattern (homogenous, heterogeneous, peripheral or none), margin features (well or ill-defined), sizes, location (superficial lobe/deeplobe/both), perineural spread, presence of lymphadenopathy, and extension to adjacent structures were noted. Results: The distribution of PGTs was; 21 pleomorphic adenomas, 18 Warthin tumors, 2 lymph nodes, 2 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 5 adenoid cystic carcinoma, 1 basal cell carcinoma,2 metastases and 2 lymphomas; (13 malignant and 41 benign lesions). Morphologic parameters; ill-defined margin, perineural spread, lymphadenopathy, and extension to adjacent structures were found to be significantly associated with malign lesions (p<0.01). There was a significant difference between ADC values of malignant and benign PGTs (p<0.05). Also ADC values and T2 signal intensity was significantly lower in Warthin tumors rather than pleomorphic adenomas (p<0.05). Conclusions: Mean ADC values when considered with morphological features may be accessible methods to distinguish benign and malignant PGTs, also ADC values and T2 signal intensity may be useful for differentiating pleomorphic adenomas from Warthin tumors, thereby reducing the number of biopsies and thus complications.

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Myocardial Mapping in Systemic Sarcoidosis: A Comparison of Two Measurement Approaches

RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren ◽

10.1055/a-1174-0537 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 193 (01) ◽

pp. 68-76

Author(s):

Darius Dabir ◽

Julian Luetkens ◽

Daniel Kuetting ◽

Jennifer Nadal ◽

Hans Heinz Schild ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T1 Mapping ◽

Tissue Characterization ◽

Cardiac Involvement ◽

T2 Mapping ◽

Relaxation Times ◽

Short Axis Slice ◽

T2 Relaxation ◽

Standard Mapping ◽

Systemic Sarcoidosis ◽

T1 And T2

Purpose To investigate if T1 and T2 mapping is able to differentiate between diseased and healthy myocardium in patients with systemic sarcoidosis, and to compare the standard mapping measurement (measurement within the whole myocardium of the midventricular short axis slice, SAX) to a more standardized method measuring relaxation times within the midventricular septum (ConSept). Materials and Methods 24 patients with biopsy-proven extracardiac sarcoidosis and 17 healthy control subjects were prospectively enrolled in this study and underwent CMR imaging at 1.5 T including native T1 and T2 mapping. Patients were divided into patients with (LGE+) and without (LGE–) cardiac sarcoidosis. T1 and T2 relaxation times were compared between patients and controls. Furthermore, the SAX and the ConSept approach were compared regarding differentiation between healthy and diseased myocardium. Results T1 and T2 relaxation times were significantly longer in all patients compared with controls using both the SAX and the ConSept approach (p < 0.05). However, LGE+ and LGE– patients showed no significant differences in T1 and T2 relaxation times regardless of the measurement approach used (ConSept/SAX) (p > 0.05). Direct comparison of ConSept and SAX T1 mapping showed high conformity in the discrimination between healthy and diseased myocardium (Kappa = 0.844). Conclusion T1 and T2 mapping may not only enable noninvasive recognition of cardiac involvement in patients with systemic sarcoidosis but may also serve as a marker for early cardiac involvement of the disease allowing for timely treatment. ConSept T1 mapping represents an equivalent method for tissue characterization in this population compared to the SAX approach. Further studies including follow-up examinations are necessary to confirm these preliminary results. Key Points: Citation Format

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Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of Chemically-Induced Liver Foci

Toxicologic Pathology ◽

10.1177/0192623389017004106 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 17 (4_part_1) ◽

pp. 613-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

G. Allan Johnson ◽

Robert R. Maronpot

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Imaging Technique ◽

Relaxation Times ◽

Basic Research ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

T2 Relaxation ◽

Spin Lattice ◽

Chemically Induced ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new imaging technique used in clinical diagnosis. This paper describes extension of the technique to basic research applications–specifically detecting and characterizing chemically-induced liver neoplasms and foci of cellular alteration. Two systems have been built that allow spatial microscopic resolution–more than 100,000 x greater than that of earlier efforts. Use of spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times permits detailed characterization of the tissue.

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Characterization of Novel Cell Lines From Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Parotid Gland Established in a Collagen Gel System

The Laryngoscope ◽

10.1097/00005537-199705000-00018 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 107 (5) ◽

pp. 654-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Melissa G. Steiner ◽

William I. Kuhel ◽

John F. Carew ◽

Jerry Huo ◽

Syed A. Hoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Collagen Gel ◽

Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽

Gel System

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Immunocytochemistry of Intermediate Filament Proteins Present in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Human Parotid Gland: Characterization of Different Cell Types in the Same Tumor

Differentiation ◽

10.1111/j.1432-0436.1982.tb01213.x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 21 (1-3) ◽

pp. 191-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

REINHARD KREPLER ◽

HELMUT DENK ◽

ULRIKE ARTLIEB ◽

ROLAND MOLL

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Intermediate Filament ◽

Cell Types ◽

Intermediate Filament Proteins ◽

Human Parotid Gland ◽

Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽

Different Cell Types

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Reproducibility of three different cardiac T2-mapping sequences at 1.5T and impact of cofactors on T2-relaxation times

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽

10.1186/1532-429x-17-s1-w12 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Bettina Baessler ◽

Frank Schaarschmidt ◽

Bernhard Schnackenburg ◽

Christian Stehning ◽

Agathe D Giolda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T2 Mapping ◽

Relaxation Times ◽

T2 Relaxation

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Mcl-1 Expression Is Up-Regulated in Malignancies of the Parotid Gland

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2011/810218 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 229-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gregor Heiduschka ◽

Boban M. Erovic ◽

Johannes Pammer ◽

Ulana Kotowski ◽

Alexandra Kaider ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Gland Tumor ◽

Parotid Gland Tumor ◽

Apoptotic Protein ◽

Pleomorphic Adenomas

The anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 is highly expressed in various types of malignant tumors. Overexpression is reported to correlate with poor prognosis and disease progression. We report the expression levels of Mcl-1 in tumor samples of the parotid gland. A retrospective study containing 108 patients was performed. A tissue microarray of six malignancies of the parotid gland and pleomorphic adenoma as control was constructed. Parotid gland tumor samples were immunohistochemically stained for Mcl-1 and expression intensities were assessed. Statistical analysis included correlation to patients' clinical data and comparison of malignancies to the adenoma.All malignancies had significantly higher expression of Mcl-1 than the pleomorphic adenomas. The intensity, however, had no significant correlation to overall survival.Our immunohistochemical findings indicate that parotid gland malignancies produce high levels of Mcl-1 protein. Therefore, Mcl-1 might serve as a predictive co-marker in tumors of the parotid gland.

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