scholarly journals Interference in the indirect antiglobulin test and direct antiglobulin test from rheumatoid factor

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006051989238
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Sishi Yang ◽  
Wenjuan Zeng ◽  
Shan Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Direct Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

Background The indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) have been used as common tests for transfusion. Recently, we have found that in addition to causing false increases, rheumatoid factor (RF) can also cause false decreases in immunoassays for hepatitis B surface antigen and B-type natriuretic peptide. However, it remains unclear whether RF also interferes with the IAT and DAT. Methods IAT models were produced by mixing IAT-positive plasma and RF-positive plasma, then one-step and two-step IATs were adopted for detection. DAT models were produced by mixing DAT-positive red blood cells (RBCs) and RF-positive plasma, followed by detection with the DAT. The DAT models were diluted using the same RF-positive plasma, and the DAT was performed again. Results The rate of decrease of the two-step IAT (40.63%) was significantly higher than that of the one-step IAT (31.51%). Both the rate of decrease (76.67%) and increase (16.67%) of the results of the 60 DAT models were significantly higher than those of the IAT models after two-fold dilution. Conclusions The RF can lead to both false decreases and false increases in IAT and DAT. And the interference effects are related to the RF content relative to the IgG-sensitized RBCs.

Aptamer-based competitive binding assay for one-step quantitation of hepatitis B surface antigen

The Analyst ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (17) ◽  
pp. 4310-4314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Kwan Suh ◽  
Seongeun Song ◽  
Heung-Bum Oh ◽  
Sang-Hyun Hwang ◽  
Sang Soo Hah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Competitive Binding ◽  
Competitive Binding Assay ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

A robust aptamer- and FRET-based competitive binding assay is reported for the one-step quantitation of hepatitis B surface antigen.

scholarly journals Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia in pregnancy: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Nevenka Bujandric ◽  
Jasmina Grujic ◽  
Zorana Budakov-Obradovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Direct Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Positive Direct

Introduction. Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia is the presence of warm autoantibodies against red blood cell with or without complement activation. The presence of warm autoantibodies on the red blood cells is detected by direct antiglobulin test with polyspecific and immunoglobulin G reagents. Antibodies removed from the red blood cells tested by indirect antiglobulin test show panagglutination with a panel of red blood cells. Case Report. We report a rare case of idiopathic warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a 26-year-old woman in the early pregnancy. Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia was mild, so during monitoring the risk to the fetus was assessed as low. The fetal status was assessed every four weeks. The noninvasive Doppler examination of the fetal middle cerebral artery revealed no fetal anemia. The last control before childbirth was done in the 38 week of pregnancy and the fetal direct antiglobulin test was 4+ and indirect antiglobulin test was 2+. The newborn presented with warm autoantibody immunoglobulin G, and positive direct antiglobulin test (3+). The infant was breastfed for nine months after birth. The direct antiglobulin tests were positive (3+) in both mother and child over the following 12 months. Conclusion. In case of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the main purpose is to stop hemolysis and correct anemia in pregnant women, but it is also necessary to monitor the fetal condition in order to detect fetal hemolytic anemia as early as possible.

scholarly journals The utility of ‘home-made’ reagent red blood cells for antibody screening during pre-transfusion compatibility testing in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 782-787
Author(s):  
Bernard Natukunda ◽  
Robert Wagubi ◽  
Ivan Taremwa ◽  
Benson Okongo ◽  
Yona Mbalibulha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extended Phenotype ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Fusion Safety ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Male To Female

Background: The WHO recommends that pre-transfusion testing should include ABO/RhD grouping followed by screen- ing for red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies using the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT). However, in Uganda, current practice does not include RBC alloantibody screening. Objective: To assess the utility of ‘home-made’ reagent RBCs in alloantibody screening. Materials and methods: In a laboratory-based study, group O RhD positive volunteer donors were recruited and their extended phenotype performed for C, c, E, e, K, Fya, Fyb Jkb, S and s antigens. These ‘home-made’ reagent RBCs were preserved using Alsever’s solution and alloantibody detection tests performed. For quality assurance, repeat alloantibody screening of patients’ samples was done at Bloodworks Northwest Laboratory in Seattle, United States. Results: A total of 36 group O RhD positive individuals were recruited as reagent RBC donors (median age, 25 years; range, 21 – 58 years; male-to-female ratio, 1.6:1). Out of the 311 IATs performed, 32 (10.3%) were positive. Confirmatory IAT testing in the United States was in agreement with the findings in Uganda. Conclusion: Use of ‘home-made’ reagent RBCs during pre-transfusion testing in Uganda is feasible. We recommend the introduction of pre-transfusion IAT alloantibody screening in Uganda using ‘home-made’ reagent RBCs to improve trans- fusion safety. Keywords: Blood transfusion; ‘Home-made’ reagent RBCs; Pre-transfusion testing; RBC alloantibody screening; Uganda.

Amplification-free DNA Sensor for the One-Step Detection of the Hepatitis B Virus Using an Automated Paper-Based Lateral Flow Electrochemical Device

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chawin Srisomwat ◽  
Abdulhadee Yakoh ◽  
Natthaya Chuaypen ◽  
Pisit Tangkijvanich ◽  
Tirayut Vilaivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Dna Sensor ◽  
Step Detection ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Electrochemical Device ◽  
B Virus ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

scholarly journals The importance of immunohematology testing in the neonatal period

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevenka Bujandric ◽  
Mirjana Krga-Milanovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Direct Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Exchange Blood Transfusion ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test

Introduction. In order to diagnose hemolytic disease of the newborn it is necessary to determine ABO/Rh blood group, direct antiglobulin test and indirect antiglobulin test in newborns as well as ABO/Rh and indirect antiglobulin test in their mothers due to a possible incompatibility between the blood types of the mother and her baby. The study was aimed at reviewing and analyzing the results of screening of the newborns and pregnant women on the territory of South Backa District during 2011, as well as at estimating the necessity to give blood transfusion to the newborns in the same period. Material and Methods. Data obtained from the information system and protocol of the Institute for Blood Transfusion of Vojvodina were used in a retrospective analysis of screening of newborns and pregnant women. Results. Blood samples taken from 3313 newborns were tested and the following distribution of the ABO blood types was recorded: O in 45.6%, A in 35%, B in 15.9%, in 3.5%; 78.9%, newborns were found to be D-positive, 21.1% were D-negative. The direct antiglobulin test was positive in 165 (4.9%) cases, it was weakly positive +/- in 85 (51.5%) , positive 1+ in 45 (27.3%), positive 2+ in 17 (10.3%), positive 3+ in 12 (7.3%), positive 4+ in 6 (3.6%). In all cases, the monospecific direct antiglobulin test was positive with IgG antibodies. Of four newborns with positive direct antiglobulin test who required exchange blood transfusion, two had RhD incompatibility and two had ABO incompatibility. Blood samples of 3429 (100%) women were tested and 36 (1.05%) were actively immunized: 23 (0.67%) to RhD antigen, 8 (0.23%) to blood group antigens other than ABH and Rh, specificity could not be determined in 5 (0.15%). Anti-D antibodies were found in 19 (0.55%) pregnant women, in two (0.06%) cases newborns required exchange blood transfusion. Conclusion. Testing neonates and pregnant women contributes to the detection of blood type incompatibility between the mother and her child; it provides an opportunity for clinicians to implement the adequate prevention of RhD alloimmunization as well as to make timely diagnosis and to introduce treatment of hemolytic disease in newborns.

The Effect of Antihuman Platelet Antibodies on Human Platelets

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.F. Ali-Briggs ◽  
E.F. van Leeuwen ◽  
A.E.G. von dem Borne ◽  
C.S.P. Jenkit
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Platelet Antibodies ◽  
Indirect Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Studies ◽  
Immunological Approach ◽  
Induced Aggregation

The influence of an heterologous antihuman platelet serum (AS) was examined an immunological approach to investigate platelet function, as induces aggregation and release from platelets in citrate plasma. Neither thrombin nor complement were requirements, and inhibitors of ADP-(adenosine) and collagen-induced (aspirin) aggregation were only slightly inhibitory. EDTA-P and four-times washed platelets were also aggregated by as. These data sugf AS-induced aggregation proceeds, at least in part, by a mechanism independer of adp and does not involve platelet prostaglandin synthesis. The active orinciple of the as was found to be associated with the IgG fraction. as fo ipmunoprecipitates (by immunodiffusion) with platelets, fibrinogen and facte VIII; absorbtion with cryoprecipitate did not influence the aggregation resf Since platelets have common antigenic determinants with other blood cells, absorbtion studies with such cells were performed. Absorbtion of as with cells (until negative in the indirect antiglobulin test) had little effect of AS–induced aggregation and release. Following absorbtion with leucocytes, immunofluorescence studies revealed that lymphocyte reactive antibodies were almost totally removed while those of the granulocyte and platelet were stil present. This absorbed as retained the ability to induce both platelet aggregation and release.

scholarly journals Negative interference by rheumatoid factor in alpha-fetoprotein chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Bi ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Yirong Li
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
Serum Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽  
Paramagnetic Microparticles

Background Rheumatoid factor causes positive interference in multiple immunoassays. Recently, negative interference has also been found in immunoassays in the presence of rheumatoid factor. The chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay is widely used to determine serum alpha-fetoprotein. However, it is not clear whether the presence of rheumatoid factor in the serum causes interference in the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein. Methods Serum alpha-fetoprotein was determined using the ARCHITECT alpha-fetoprotein assay. The estimation of alpha-fetoprotein recovery was carried out in samples prepared by diluting high-concentration alpha-fetoprotein serum with rheumatoid factor-positive or rheumatoid factor-negative serum. Paramagnetic microparticles coated with hepatitis B surface antigen–anti-HBs complexes were used to remove rheumatoid factor from the serum. Results The average recovery of alpha-fetoprotein was 88.4% and 93.8% in the rheumatoid factor-positive and rheumatoid factor-negative serum samples, respectively. The recovery of alpha-fetoprotein was significantly lower in the rheumatoid factor-positive serum samples than in the rheumatoid factor-negative serum samples. In two of five rheumatoid factor-positive samples, a large difference was found (9.8%) between the average alpha-fetoprotein recoveries in the serially diluted and initial recoveries. Fourteen rheumatoid factor-positive serum samples were pretreated with hepatitis B surface antigen-anti-HBs complex-coated paramagnetic microparticles. The alpha-fetoprotein concentrations measured in the pretreated samples increased significantly. Conclusions It was concluded that the alpha-fetoprotein chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay is susceptible to interference by rheumatoid factor, leading to significantly lower results. Eliminating the incidence of negative interference from rheumatoid factor should be an important goal for immunoassay providers. In the meantime, laboratorians must remain alert to the negative interference by rheumatoid factor, and in some cases, pretreat rheumatoid factor-positive samples with blocking or absorbing reagents.

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