Red-wine Polyphenols and Inhibition of Platelet Aggregation: Possible Mechanisms, and Potential Use in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Halpern ◽  
A-L Dahlgren ◽  
I Laakso ◽  
T Seppänen-Laakso ◽  
J Dahlgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Inhibition Of Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Potential Use

An extract from red-wine grape fermentation, ANOX® has been developed as a source of red-wine polyphenols, which are thought to inhibit several of the pathogenic pathways that lead to cardiovascular disease. New data indicate that this extract has a significantly greater effect than either red wine or red-wine powder on the inhibition of platelet aggregation in vitro. Based on this data, about 300–500 mg of the extract is equivalent to the daily dose of red-wine polyphenols that appears to protect against cardiovascular disease. The possible synergistic effect of red-wine polyphenols with vitamin C, their vasorelaxing activity and their possible role in preventing over-crosslinking of connective tissues (premature ageing) are considered. The extract contains standardized amounts of the whole spectrum of polyphenolic compounds found in red wine and may provide a valuable reference substance in clinical investigations of the physiological actions of plant polyphenols; its potential use in functional nutrition and preventive medicine is also discussed.

scholarly journals Wine polyphenols and promotion of cardiac health

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Cooper ◽  
Mridula Chopra ◽  
David I. Thurnham
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Cardiac Health ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols ◽  
The Uk

Wine polyphenols are considered to have beneficial effects on CHD and atherosclerosis. The consumption of red wine is high in Italy and France, approximately four times greater than that in the UK. This disparity in red wine consumption is thought to be the reason for the ‘French paradox’, where France was shown to have a coronary mortality rate close to that of China or Japan despite saturated fat intakes and cholesterol levels similar to the UK and USA. In the present review, we discuss the effects of wine and some of its polyphenol constituents on early pathological indicators of CHD such as plasma lipids, the endothelium and vasculature, platelets and serum antioxidant activity. The review also examines whether the polyphenols or the alcohol in wine is responsible for the effects on markers of heart disease. The present review concludes that red wine polyphenols have little effect on plasma lipid concentrations but wine consumption appears to reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and increase serum antioxidant capacity. However, these effects do depend on the amount of wine and period of supplementation. Authors who have examined specific polyphenols suggest that some phenolics appear to have endothelium-dependent vaso-relaxing abilities and some a positive effect on NO concentrations. Red wine phenolics also have an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation, and individual phenolics also have a similar effectin vitro, although it should be noted that there are often discrepancies as large as ten-fold between the concentrations of polyphenolics testedin vitroand their measured levelsin vivo. Evidence suggests that alcohol has a positive synergistic effect with wine polyphenols on some atherosclerotic risk factors. Thus evidence that wine drinking is beneficial for cardiac health continues to accumulate but more research is required to understand fully and exactly the functions of red wine polyphenols.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Silico Interaction Studies with Red Wine Polyphenols against Different Proteins from Human Serum

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6686
Author(s):  
Raja Mohamed Beema Shafreen ◽  
Selvaraj Alagu Lakshmi ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian ◽  
Young-Mo Kim ◽  
Joseph Deutsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols

Previous reports have shown that consumption of wine has several health benefits; however, there are different types of wine. In the present study, red wines were investigated for their compositions of active ingredients. The interaction of each component in terms of its binding mode with different serum proteins was unraveled, and the components were implicated as drug candidates in clinical settings. Overall, the study indicates that red wines have a composition of flavonoids, non-flavonoids, and phenolic acids that can interact with the key regions of proteins to enhance their biological activity. Among them, rutin, resveratrol, and tannic acid have shown good binding affinity and possess beneficial properties that can enhance their role in clinical applications.

The Increased Sensitivity of Platelets to Prostacyclin in Marathon Runners

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 385-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive J Dix ◽  
David G Hassall ◽  
K Richard Bruckdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Inhibition Of Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Membrane Bound

SummaryPlatelet-rich plasma was obtained 24 hr after the race ended from athletes who ran in the London marathon. The platelets were only marginally less sensitive to adrenaline than were those of non-runners using conventional aggregation tests. However, the runners’ platelets were much more sensitive to inhibition by prostacyclin, a prostaglandin synthesized by endothelial cells. It appeared that this effect was due to a greater activity in the platelets of the membrane-bound adenylate cyclase enzyme which generates intracellular cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP production is known to be stimulated by prostacyclin and to cause the inhibition of platelet aggregation. The results indicate another possible protective effect of exercise against cardiovascular disease which is independent of the known changes in lipoprotein concentrations previously observed in athletes.

Apoptotic effect of red wine polyphenols on human colon cancer SNU-C4 cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 898-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-J. Kim ◽  
Y.-J. Kim ◽  
H.-J. Park ◽  
J.-H. Chung ◽  
K.-H. Leem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols

Angiotensin II Induces the Vascular Expression of VEGF and MMP-2 in vivo: Preventive Effect of Red Wine Polyphenols

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Walter ◽  
Nelly Etienne-Selloum ◽  
Mamadou Sarr ◽  
Modou Oumy Kane ◽  
Alain Beretz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Vascular Expression

Endothelium-derived contracting factors mediate the Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction in the rat aorta: preventive effect of red wine polyphenols

2009 ◽  
Vol 459 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modou O. Kane ◽  
Nelly Etienne-Selloum ◽  
Soccoro V. F. Madeira ◽  
Mamadou Sarr ◽  
Allison Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols

scholarly journals eNOS Promoter Activation by Red Wine Polyphenols: an Interaction Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kurin ◽  
N. Fakhrudin ◽  
M. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Interaction Study ◽  
Luciferase Reporter Gene ◽  
Gene Assay ◽  
Wine Polyphenols ◽  
Red Wine Polyphenols

Beneficial effects of red wine polyphenols on cardiovascular health are well known. The aim of our research was an interaction study of four red wine polyphenols – resveratrol (R), quercetin (Q), kaempferol (KF) and isorhamnetin (IR) of their ability to activate endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) promoter when used alone and in equimolar mixtures. To determine their activity, we performed a luciferase reporter gene assay on EA.hy926 cells stably transfected with a luciferase reporter gene construct containing eNOS promoter. The Bradford assay was also performed to account the cytotoxicity and/or the cell number differences. The median effect equation, as an interaction analysis evaluating synergy or antagonism of the combinations was done according to mass-action law principle. Isobolographic method was performed on selected double mixtures and dose reduction index was calculated for all mixtures. All single polyphenols activated eNOS promoter. The EC50 values were in micromolar concentrations ranging from 3.44 μM (R2 = 0.96) for kaempferol to 9.89 μM for isorhamnetin (R2 = 0.94). All mixtures activated eNOS promoter, but their interactions varied from synergy (Q+R, Q+IR+KF, Q+R+KF and Q+R+IR+KF), through additive (R+IR+KF) to antagonistic interaction (R+IR, R+KF, Q+IR, Q+KF, IR+KF and R+Q+IR). In this study, we show for the first time that red wine polyphenols activated eNOS promoter when used alone and in mixtures with different type of interactions.

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