Diagnostic Accuracy of Xeromammography

The analytical study of the case material has allowed a precise evaluation of the distribution by age groups of the different pathologic processes of the breast, of the localization and dimensions of malignant tumors, as well as the diagnostic accuracy for those cases histologically ascertained and those with a follow-up. The diagnostic accuracy and the consequent reliability of the xeroradiographic method for the diagnosis of breast cancer is distinctly superior to that reported in the literature for traditional mammography, whereas for the differential diagnosis between circumscribed dysplastic manifestations and benign tumors xeromammography is not sufficiently reliable. The authors critically discuss the results and in particular the problem of false positives, which also include diagnostic errors that cannot be avoided in that they directly derive from the pathologic morphology of the disease process (plasma cell mastitis and sclerosing adenosis). As regards the problem of false negatives, they can be reduced within certain limits by resorting to other instrumental investigations. However, there are cases (1% of the malignant neoplasias histologically ascertained) that present a completely negative xeroradiographic finding. These are the limits of the radiologic investigation which cannot in any way be surmounted.

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The Application Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Testicular Occupied Lesions

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/9962970 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Qiping Liu ◽

Huiling Gong ◽

Hui Zhu ◽

Chunyan Yuan ◽

Bin Hu

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Benign Tumor ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Differential Diagnoses ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽

Pathological Result ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Conventional Ultrasound

Objective. To discuss the clinical application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in testicular occupied lesions. Methods. Nine conventional-ultrasound-found testicular occupied lesions which underwent CEUS meantime were analyzed retrospectively. The CEUS perfusion pattern was compared with the surgical pathological result or follow-up findings. Results. Among all the 9 testicular occupied lesions, there were 5 testicular malignant tumors, 1 testicular benign tumor, 1 testicular tuberculosis, and 2 testicular hematomas. CEUS diagnosed 6 testicular malignant tumors, 1 testicular benign tumor, and 2 testicular hematomas, and its diagnostic accuracy was about 88.9%. Conclusion. CEUS has high clinical application value in the differential diagnoses of benign and malignant testicular occupied lesions.

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Histopathological profile of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care center- a descriptive study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20211342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1010

Author(s):

Anitha Pallikkara V. ◽

Shameem K. Ummer Ali

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Medical College ◽

Epithelial Tumors

Background: Ovarian neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of tumors with varied clinical, morphological and histological features. Ovarian cancer accounts for about 3% of all cancer in females and is the 5th most common cause of death due to cancer because most ovarian tumors spread beyond ovary by the time of diagnosis. The objective of the study was to document the histological pattern and prevalence of ovarian tumors in specimens received at department of pathology government medical college Alappuzha.Methods: This was a prospective study of 18 months duration which comprised of 245 cases of ovariectomy and ovariotomy specimens received in the department of pathology, govt. T.D medical college Alappuzha, Kerala. After detailed and thorough gross examination of the specimens, bits from representative areas were routinely processed and stained with H and E. Tumors were classified as per WHO classification. Appropriate immunohistochemical studies were performed wherever required.Results: Out of 245 cases studied, majority were benign tumors (78.36%), followed by malignant tumors (15. 11%). Borderline tumors comprised (6.53%) of the total cases. Age groups studied ranged from 11-70 years. Epithelial tumors were the most common (76.32%) followed by germ cell tumors (17.55%), sex cord stromal tumors (5.03%) and carcinoma arising in germ cell tumors (0.81%). Serous cystadenoma was found to be the commonest benign tumor and serous cystadenocarcinoma was the commonest malignant ovarian neoplasm.Conclusions: Surface epithelial tumors were the most common ovarian tumors. The maximum number of tumors were noted in the age group 21-40 years. Malignant tumors were common above 40 years.

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Cranial Base Surgery: Results in 183 Patients

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989411000611 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 110 (6) ◽

pp. 539-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Iva P. Janecka ◽

Chandranath Sen ◽

Laligam N. Sekhar ◽

Sai Ramasastry ◽

Hugh D. Curtin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skull Base ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Neoplasm ◽

Cranial Base ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Inflammatory Lesions ◽

Duration Of Surgery ◽

Cranial Base Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To learn about the effects of cranial base surgery. DESIGN: Cohort study with a mean follow-up of 30 months. SETTING: Population-based. PATIENTS: A consecutive sample of 183 patients who underwent cranial base surgery; 118 patients had malignant skull base tumors, the majority of which were previously treated; 50 had benign tumors; 9 had congenital malformations of the skull base; 3 had inflammatory lesions, and 3 had traumatic defects of the skull base. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disease-free Interval, overall survival, and rate of complications and functional status. INTERVENTION: Cranial base surgery was followed by radiotherapy (In previously untreated patients). RESULTS: After completion of follow-up (mean, 30 months), 30 (25.4%) patients had died of their malignant tumors and 8 (6.8%) had died of other causes. One patient (0.84%) was lost to follow-up. The overall cancer survival rate without regard to histologic type was 67% (63% with no evidence of disease). Among the patients who were treated for benign neoplasm, 72% had no evidence of disease at a mean follow-up of 39 months. The group of patients with congenital malformations and inflammatory and traumatic lesions demonstrated successful correction of their presurgical problem with skull base surgery. One patient (who had invasive aspergillosis) died of disease. The overall surgical-medical mortality rate was 2%; the complication rate was 33%, and the Kamofsky performance score was improved or unchanged after surgery in 83% of patients. The average duration of surgery, number of blood transfusions used, and length of the hospital stay were 10 hours, 3 units, and 15 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Cranial base surgery is a valid surgical technique for treatment of cranial base afflictions. In this study It was found to be beneficial In controlling benign and malignant disease and to be the treatment of choice for selected congenital malformations, trauma, and inflammatory lesions.

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Incidence and Survival of Brain Tumors: A Population-Based Study

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089168807400301 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 243-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Milena Sant ◽

Paolo Crosignani ◽

Bianca Maria Bordo ◽

Giancarlo Nicola ◽

Mario Bianchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Choroid Plexus ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Survival Probability ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Age Groups ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Probability Of Survival ◽

Age Class

Since 1976 the Lombardy Cancer Registry (RTL) has recorded all malignant tumors and the benign tumors of the nervous system, bladder and liver occurring in the Varese province. The aims of this report are: to describe age-specific incidence rates of the different oncotypes of primary nervous system tumors (PNSTs) and to analyze the duration of survival of the patients according to the histotype of the neoplasm. From 1976 to 1981, the RTL recorded 498 PNST: 213 tumors of glial origin, 132 tumors of mesodermal tissues, 15 tumors of multipotential cell origin, 37 tumors of nerve roots, 8 of vascular origin, and 54 PNST in which the histotype was not specified. For tumors of glial origin, the 60–69 year age class showed the highest incidence rate: 16 per 100,000/year. The incidence rate of tumors of mesodermal tissues reached the maximum value of 7.9 per 100,000/year in the age group of 75 years and over. Tumors of multipotential cell origin had a maximum incidence of 2.2 in the 60–69 year age class. The probability of survival at 5 years after diagnosis was computed by the method of Kaplan and Meier (15), and the log rank procedure was used to test statistical differences among survivors. Tumors of glial origin, excluding ependymomas and papillomas of choroid plexus, had a 5-year survival probability of 14%. Age (categorized in ≤50 and > 50 years) and histologic grade (grades I+II and grades III+IV) were analyzed as prognostic factors for tumors of glial origin: a younger age was the most predictive prognostic factor in grade I+II tumors (probability of survival = 53% in the group ≤50 years vs 0 in the group > 50 years; p < 0.005). In the less differentiated tumors there were no differences between the two age groups. Patients with tumors of mesodermal tissues had a 5-year probability of survival of 83%. Subjects younger than 50 years had a probability of survival of 95%, whereas older patients had a probability of 79%. For the other oncotypes, the 5-year survival probability was: 50% for tumors of multipotential cell origin, 63% for ependymomas and papillomas of the choroid plexus, 64% for tumors of vascular derivation, and 21% for PNST with not specified histotype.

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Cardiac Tumors: Surgical Experience in Thirty-Nine Cases

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/021849239600400103 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 14-17

Author(s):

Rajendar Krishan Suri ◽

Raghuvir Singh Kanwar ◽

Harjinder Singh ◽

Rajinder Singh Dhaliwal ◽

Sandeep Singh Rana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽

Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽

Right Atrial ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Cardiac Tumors ◽

Malignant Group ◽

The Right

Over a period of 18 years, 39 cases of cardiac tumors were operated upon in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh. These included 34 (87%) patients with benign tumors and 5 (13%) patients with primary malignant tumors. All the benign tumors were myxomas, of which 31 (91.2%) were in the left atrium and 3 (8.8%) in right atrium. Primary malignant tumors comprised 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, 1 angiosarcoma, 1 lymphoma and 1 case of pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The diagnosis was established by echocardiography, angiocardiography and computed tomography. In one case the diagnosis was made at autopsy. All myxomas, except tricuspid valve myxoma, were removed completely through right atrial or biatrial approach with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Four cases of primary malignant tumors were non-resectable. Near total resection of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the right middle pulmonary vein and left atrial junction was achieved. There were 2 operative deaths (5.1 %). The follow-up ranged from 3 months to 10 years with a mean of 5.7 years. There was 1 recurrence (2.9%) in the benign group. In the malignant group, 3 cases (60%) died within 5 to 8 months of surgery due to further local and metastatic spread of the tumor. The case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma was treated with postoperative radiotherapy to the right mediastinum and is doing well at follow-up 3 months after surgery.

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Surgical Treatment of Intracavernous Neoplasms: A Four-Year Experience

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198901000-00004 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 18-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Laligam N. Sekhar ◽

Chandra N. Sen ◽

Hae Dong Jho ◽

Ivo P. Janecka

Keyword(s):

Cavernous Sinus ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Balloon Occlusion ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Adjuvant Radiation ◽

Margins Of Excision ◽

Balloon Occlusion Test ◽

Preoperative Status

Abstract Forty-two patients with neoplasms involving the cavernous sinus had operations between 1983 and 1987. The lesions included 25 benign tumors (e.g., meningioma, neurilemoma) and 17 malignant tumors (e.g., chondrosarcoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma). The cavernous sinus was entered by inferior, anterolateral, or medial extradural approaches or by superior or lateral intradural approaches. The intracavernous internal carotid artery was managed by dissecting tumor away from it or by occlusion and excision with or without direct vein graft reconstruction, based on the results of a preoperative balloon occlusion test. Cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI usually were dissected from tumor, but in 3 cases of tumor invasion, the excised nerve segment was reconstructed by direct suture or with a sural nerve interposition graft. Twenty-one of the benign tumors and 8 of the malignant tumors were excised totally and the remainder subtotally. On follow-up ranging from 3 to 48 months, one subtotally excised meningioma recurred and was treated with reexcision and adjuvant radiation therapy. Two “totally” excised malignant tumors recurred outside the cavernous sinus at the margins of excision. There was no operative mortality or permanent cerebral morbidity. Postoperatively, the ocular and neurological function of most patients was similar to the preoperative status; in some, it was significantly improved. Thirteen additional patients with intracavernous neoplasms also were evaluated during the same period and followed without operation. The early follow-up information regarding these patients is provided.

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Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Potentially Malignant Adrenal Tumors Greater than 5 Centimeters

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2005-2420 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 91 (8) ◽

pp. 3080-3083 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Chun-Hou Liao ◽

Shih-Chieh Chueh ◽

Ming-Kuen Lai ◽

Po-Jen Hsiao ◽

Jun Chen

Keyword(s):

Tumor Size ◽

Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Adrenal Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Conversion To Open Surgery ◽

Open Conversion ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

Adrenocortical Carcinomas

Abstract Purpose: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is controversial for large, potentially malignant tumors. We report a series of LA or hand-assisted LA for large (>5 cm) adrenal tumors. Patients and Methods: Among 210 LAs performed in 6 yr, 39 patients had potentially malignant tumors greater than 5 cm in diameter. Their perioperative and follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All 39 patients had successful LAs without perioperative mortality, conversion to open surgery, or capsular disruption during dissection. The mean tumor size was 6.2 cm (range, 5–12 cm), operative time 207 min (115–315 min), and blood loss 75 ml (minimal–1400 ml). Complications included one intraoperative diaphragmatic perforation, three mild wound infections, and one pneumonia. Preoperatively there were 27 nonfunctioning tumors, seven pheochromocytomas, three cortisol-secreting tumors, and two virilizing tumors. Final pathology revealed eight malignant (four adrenocortical carcinomas and four metastatic carcinomas) and 31 benign tumors (14 cortical adenomas, eight pheochromocytomas, six myelolipomas, and three ganglioneuromas). Median follow-up was 39 months. Four patients (two adrenocortical carcinomas, one metastatic hepatoma, and one lymphoma) died 24, 10, 9, and 3 months after surgery, respectively. A hand-assisted device was used in 10 patients. Only the tumor size was larger and length of postoperative hospital stay longer for those in the hand-assisted group. Conclusions: LA is a reasonable option for selected large adrenal tumors when complete resection is technically feasible and there is no evidence of local invasion. Hand-assisted LA is a good alternative to open conversion if a difficult dissection is encountered intraoperatively.

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Endoscopic Management of Sinonasal Tumors: A Preliminary Report

American Journal of Rhinology ◽

10.1177/194589240501900317 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 307-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

David M. Poetker ◽

Robert J. Toohill ◽

Todd A. Loehrl ◽

Timothy L. Smith

Keyword(s):

Recurrence Rate ◽

Chart Review ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Tumor Location ◽

Therapeutic Modality ◽

Endoscopic Management ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

The Mean

Background The increased experience with the endoscopic approach to sinonasal inflammatory disease has resulted in the increased use of endoscopes to manage many different sinonasal pathologies. Methods A chart review of patients with sinonasal tumors treated with primary endoscopic management, from January, 1993 to November, 2003 was performed. Results Forty patients were identified (26 men and 14 women). The mean age was 53.2 years, and the mean follow-up was 31.1 months. For benign tumors, 24 patients were identified with a mean age of 50.7 years, a mean follow-up of 17.5 months, and a recurrence rate of 4.2%. For malignant tumors, 16 patients were identified, with a mean age of 57.3 years, a mean follow-up of 51.5 months, and a recurrence rate of 31.3%. The overall survival rate was 87.5%. Conclusion Endoscopic surgical excision of selective sinonasal tumors may be an effective therapeutic modality. In some cases, adjuvant external procedures may be required based on tumor location.

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Histopathological diagnosis of ovarian mass

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v8i1.19448 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1261-1264

Author(s):

Shahali Shadab ◽

Tadayon Tadayon

Keyword(s):

Malignant Tumors ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Age Groups ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Cystic Teratoma ◽

Mature Cystic Teratoma ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Hospital Data ◽

Ovarian Masses

Background: Ovarian cysts are common forms of gynecological problems that can be range from physiological cysts to highly aggressive neoplastic lesions. The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence and frequency of different histopathological patterns of ovarian lesions and their correlation with various parameters in Ahvaz, Iran.Materials and Methods: This is the retrospective study of patients with the ovarian masses at Ahvaz Imam Khomeini Hospital from 2010 - 2015. The relevant clinical details about the patient were retrieved from hospital data. Clinical characteristics of patients such as patient's age, presenting signs and symptoms, histopathological diagnosis, mass type, mass subtype, size of cysts and ovary which is involved were noted. Results: Two hundred sixty seven specimens of ovarian tumor obtained for histopathological examination. Of these, 163(61.0%) were tumor like, 96(36.0%) were benign tumor and 8(3.0%) were malignant. The most common tumor like conditions was Corpus luteum cyst (43.4% cases), among benign and malignant tumors, mature cystic teratoma (17.2% of total) and Epithelial tumors (n=4) were most common. There is a statistically significant positive relation between age and various ovarian masses. (P= 0.002). Histopathological diagnosis wasn't correlated with ovarian involvement.Conclusion: Benign tumors are more common than malignant tumors in all age groups. Germ cell tumors followed by surface epithelial cell tumors are the commonest tumor. Mature cystic teratoma was the most common tumor. Unilaterality is more frequently seen in ovarian tumors and various tumors are seen in various age groups.

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Evaluation of salivary gland tumors- clinically radiologically and pathologically: prospective study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20211178 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 575

Author(s):

Namita Mishra ◽

Neeta Sharma

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Salivary Gland Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology

Background: Salivary gland tumors are difficult to differentiate based solely on clinical presentation or cytological findings due to their overlapping pictures. Often inadequate samples from cytology pose a challenge in preoperative diagnosis. Histopathology is considered the gold standard in diagnosing these tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical, radiological, and cytological findings of these tumors and to assess the accuracy of these results with that of histopathological diagnosis.Methods: Prospectively 52 patients with salivary gland swellings were enrolled between 2007-2009. Cases with inflammatory swelling were excluded from the study. Demographic, clinical history, preoperatively ultrasonography, cytology, and histopathological data were collected and analyzed.Results: Most cases (65.38%) had parotid gland involvement. Benign tumors were common (80.76%) with pleomorphic adenoma as the most common one. Malignant tumors comprised 19.23%. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma were common malignant tumors. Local swelling was the most common clinical presentation, and no facial nerve involvement was reported. The hard palate was the most common minor salivary gland affected predominantly by benign tumors. The diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology was 96.15%, followed by clinical and radiological diagnostic accuracy of 92.31% and 86.54%, respectively. Using McNemar's test, a significant agreement was found between clinical and histological diagnosis (p=0.1336) and between FNAC and histological diagnosis (p=0.4975).Conclusions: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a highly accurate, sensitive, and specific screening technique. It is safe and reliable, though minimally invasive. Ultrasonography-guided cytology along with clinical, and radiological findings could enhance the pre-operative diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing salivary gland tumors.

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