scholarly journals Apoptosis levels in bovine Johne’s disease ileal lesions and association with bacterial numbers

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110257
Author(s):  
Amalia Naranjo- Lucena ◽  
Laura Garza-Cuartero ◽  
Conor McAloon ◽  
Grace Mulcahy ◽  
Annetta Zintl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Lesion Type ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Ileal Tissue ◽  
Granulomatous Enteritis

Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). While it is generally accepted that MAP employs immune subversion mechanisms, aspects of the host-pathogen relationship are not fully understood. We sampled 3 ileal tissue sections from 17 naturally infected cattle ( n = 51 sections) to analyze differences in cell types, apoptosis, and phagocytic cells. Diffuse multibacillary (DM) was the most common lesion type ( n = 17) followed by diffuse intermediate (DI; n = 15). DM lesions had significantly greater proportion of Treg cells (CD3+ FoxP3+) relative to all CD3+ T cells as compared to DI forms ( P < .05). CD68+ individual cell size was significantly smaller in DM than in diffuse lymphocytic (DL) forms ( P < .05). Area of caspase-3 positivity (apoptosis) was greater in DM lesions than DL ( P < .05) and DI ( P < .0001), and was linked to higher numbers of MAP within the macrophage.

scholarly journals Rapid Expression of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Recombinant Proteins for Antigen Discovery

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Li ◽  
Shirin Munir ◽  
John P. Bannantine ◽  
Srinand Sreevatsan ◽  
Sagarika Kanjilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
In Vitro Transcription ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Antigen Discovery ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Granulomatous Enteritis

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants and other species. Detection of infection in animals is hampered by the lack of sensitive and specific diagnostic assays. We describe here an approach that utilizes translationally active PCR fragments for the rapid in vitro transcription and translation of recombinant proteins for antigen discovery in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The investigations showed that the MAP1272c protein selectively reacts with sera from Johne's disease-positive cattle and represents an antigen of potential utility in M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis immunodiagnostics.

Quantification of Macrophages andMycobacterium avium Subsp. paratuberculosisin Bovine Intestinal Tissue During Different Stages of Johne’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin J. Jenvey ◽  
Jesse M. Hostetter ◽  
Adrienne L. Shircliff ◽  
John P. Bannantine ◽  
Judith R. Stabel
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Intestinal Tissue ◽  
Innate Defense ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
And Control

Johne’s disease is an enteric disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Upon ingestion of MAP, it is translocated across the intestinal epithelium and may be killed by intestinal macrophages, or depending on the bacterial burden and immunological status of the animal, MAP may thwart innate defense mechanisms and persist within the macrophage. This study aimed to determine the numbers of macrophages and MAP present in bovine midileal tissue during different stages of infection. Immunofluorescent (IF) labeling was performed on frozen bovine midileal intestinal tissue collected from 28 Holstein dairy cows. The number of macrophages in midileal tissue sections was higher for clinically affected cows, followed by subclinically affected cows and then uninfected control cows. Macrophages were present throughout the tissue sections in clinical cows, including the tunica muscularis, submucosa, and the lamina propria around the crypts and in the villous tips, with progressively fewer macrophages in subclinically affected and control cows. Clinically affected cows also demonstrated significantly higher numbers of MAP and higher numbers of macrophages with intracellular MAP compared to subclinically affected cows. MAP IF labeling was present within the submucosa and lamina propria around the crypts, progressing into the villous tips in some clinically affected cows. Our findings indicate that number of macrophages increases with progression of infection, but a significant number of the macrophages present in the midileum are not associated with MAP.

scholarly journals The collection of lymphatic fluid from the bovine udder and its use for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the cow

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes L. Khol ◽  
Pablo J. Pinedo ◽  
Claus D. Buergelt ◽  
Laura M. Neumann ◽  
Walter Baumgartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lymph Fluid ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Lymphatic Fluid ◽  
Elisa Result

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility of lymph collection from the bovine udder and to investigate if the lymphatic fluid might be of diagnostic value in cows infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the etiologic agent of paratuberculosis. Lymph fluid collection was attempted from 58 cows, and the reactions of the cows as well as the level of difficulty of the procedure were recorded in 56 animals. Lymph samples (51 in total) were tested for the presence of MAP by nested polymerase chain reaction. Collection of the lymphatic fluid caused no or mild signs of discomfort in 94.6% of the cows; in 51.8% of cows, lymphatic fluid was attained on the first attempt, while sample collection was unsuccessful in 12.1%. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was detected in 43.1% of all lymph samples. The bacterium was present in 66.7% of cows with clinical Johne’s disease, in 42.8% of asymptomatic cows with a positive or suspicious enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) result in blood, and in 38.7% of cows with a negative ELISA result in blood. The present study shows that the procedure was well tolerated by most cows and can easily be performed on farm. The current report of the isolation of MAP from lymph fluid suggests that the present approach could be used for the early detection of Johne’s disease in cattle.

scholarly journals Association of TLR2 Haplotypes Encoding Q650 With Reduced Susceptibility to Ovine Johne’s Disease in Turkish Sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalçın YAMAN ◽  
Ramazan AYMAZ ◽  
Murat KELEŞ ◽  
Veysel BAY ◽  
Cemal ÜN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Missense Variants ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2 ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Globally Distributed

Abstract Ovine Johne’s disease (OJD) is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and carries a potential zoonotic risk for humans. Selective breeding strategies for reduced OJD susceptibility would be welcome tools in disease eradication efforts, if available. The Toll-like receptor 2 gene (TLR2) plays an important signaling role in immune response to MAP, and missense variants are associated with mycobacterial infections in mammals. Our aim was to identify and evaluate ovine TLR2 missense variants for association with OJD in Turkish sheep. Eleven TLR2 missense variants and 17 haplotype configurations were identified in genomic sequences of 221 sheep from 61 globally-distributed breeds. The five most frequent haplotypes were tested for OJD association in 102 matched pairs of infected and uninfected ewes identified in 2257 Turkish sheep. Ewes with one or two copies of TLR2 haplotypes encoding glutamine (Q) at position 650 (Q650) in the Tir domain were 6.6-fold more likely to be uninfected compared to ewes with arginine (R650) at that position (CI95 = 2.6 to 16.9, p-value = 3.7x10-6). The protective TLR2 Q650 allele was present in at least 25% of breeds tested and thus may facilitate selective breeding for sheep with reduced susceptibility to OJD.

scholarly journals Pathology of subclinical paratuberculosis (Johne's Disease) in Awassi sheep with reference to its occurrence in Jordan

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 590-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
NQ Hailat ◽  
W. Hananeh ◽  
AS Metekia ◽  
JR Stabel ◽  
A. Al-Majali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

In this study, the pathological lesions and occurrence of subclinical Johne's disease in Awassi sheep is investigated using histopathological (HP) and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations, Acid Fast Staining (AFS) of tissue sections, direct smears from tissues and culture. Histopathological examination of 202 ilea and the corresponding mesenteric lymph nodes (179) was conducted. In addition, IHC examination, using rabbit polyclonal antiserum, of 134 ilea and 123 mesenteric lymph nodes was also conducted. The occurrence of the disease was observed in 50% and 93% of the ilea examined using histopathology and IHC techniques, respectively. Fifty nine percent of lymph nodes were positive by IHC. The histopathological lesions were graded from І&ndash;IV, I being the least severe, based on the type of cellular infiltrate (lymphocytes, macrophages and epithelioid cells) and the severity of the lesions. Grades III and IV (SP) were considered positive while I and II were considered suspected. Analysis of the results also revealed that the majority of suspected cases (grades I and II) reacted positive with the IHC. Furthermore, the IHC reactions were classified into three categories depending on the number of stained cells and the intensity of the staining (I-mild, II-moderate and III-strong). Direct smears, and tissue sections obtained from the ilea and stained with AFS revealed that out of 202 tissue samples, 53 (26%) and 22 (11%) were positive, respectively. Results of the culture revealed that 22 (11%) out of 202 were positive. These results showed that the occurrence of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in Awassi sheep is very high in Jordan and needs further study in order to develop rational methods of control effective for the Jordanian sheep population.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of the Telford Type S Strain of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudiger Brauning ◽  
Karren Plain ◽  
Milan Gautam ◽  
Tonia Russell ◽  
C. Carolina Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD).

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