scholarly journals The impact of the Safer Anaesthesia from Education (SAFE) Obstetric Anaesthesia training course in Ethiopia: A mixed methods longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-305
Author(s):  
Jolene N Moore ◽  
Wayne W Morriss ◽  
Gebrehiwot Asfaw ◽  
Gosa Tesfaye ◽  
Aaliya R Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Obstetric Anaesthesia ◽  
The Impact

Summary Reducing maternal mortality remains a global priority, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Safer Anaesthesia from Education (SAFE) Obstetric Anaesthesia (OB) course is a three-day refresher course for trained anaesthesia providers addressing common causes of maternal mortality in LMICs. This aim of this study was to investigate the impact of SAFE training for a cohort of anaesthesia providers in Ethiopia. We conducted a mixed methods longitudinal cohort study incorporating a behavioural questionnaire, multiple-choice questionnaires (MCQs), structured observational skills tests and structured interviews for anaesthesia providers who attended one of four SAFE-OB courses conducted in two regions of Ethiopia from October 2017 to May 2018. Some 149 participants from 60 facilities attended training. Behavioural questionnaires were completed at baseline ( n = 101, 69% response rate). Pre- and post-course MCQs ( n = 121, n = 123 respectively) and pre- and post-course skills tests ( n = 123, n = 105 respectively) were completed, with repeat MCQ and skills tests, and semi-structured interviews completed at follow-up ( n = 88, n = 76, n = 49 respectively). The mean MCQ scores for all participants improved from 80.3% prior to training to 85.4% following training ( P < 0.0001) and skills test scores improved from 56.5% to 83.2% ( P < 0.0001). Improvements in MCQs and skills were maintained at follow-up 3–11 months post-training compared to baseline ( P = 0.0006, < 0.0001 respectively). Participants reported improved confidence, teamwork and communication at follow-up. This study suggests that the SAFE-OB course can have a sustained impact on knowledge and skills and can improve the confidence of anaesthesia providers and communication within surgical teams.

Incidence of influenza during pregnancy and association with pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in three middle-income countries: a multisite prospective longitudinal cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Fatimah S Dawood ◽  
Wanitchaya Kittikraisak ◽  
Archana Patel ◽  
Danielle Rentz Hunt ◽  
Piyarat Suntarattiwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Cohort

scholarly journals Adolescent depression, early psychiatric comorbidities, and adulthood welfare burden: a 25-year longitudinal cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Alaie ◽  
Richard Ssegonja ◽  
Anna Philipson ◽  
Anne-Liis von Knorring ◽  
Margareta Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Transfer Payments ◽  
Social Transfer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Depression at all ages is recognized as a global public health concern, but less is known about the welfare burden following early-life depression. This study aimed to (1) estimate the magnitude of associations between depression in adolescence and social transfer payments in adulthood; and (2) address the impact of major comorbid psychopathology on these associations. Methods This is a longitudinal cohort study of 539 participants assessed at age 16–17 using structured diagnostic interviews. An ongoing 25-year follow-up linked the cohort (n = 321 depressed; n = 218 nondepressed) to nationwide population-based registries. Outcomes included consecutive annual data on social transfer payments due to unemployment, work disability, and public assistance, spanning from age 18 to 40. Parameter estimations used the generalized estimating equations approach. Results Adolescent depression was associated with all forms of social transfer payments. The estimated overall payment per person and year was 938 USD (95% CI 551–1326) over and above the amount received by nondepressed controls. Persistent depressive disorder was associated with higher recipiency across all outcomes, whereas the pattern of findings was less clear for subthreshold and episodic major depression. Moreover, depressed adolescents presenting with comorbid anxiety and disruptive behavior disorders evidenced particularly high recipiency, exceeding the nondepressed controls with an estimated 1753 USD (95% CI 887–2620). Conclusion Adolescent depression is associated with considerable public expenditures across early-to-middle adulthood, especially for those exposed to chronic/persistent depression and psychiatric comorbidities. This finding suggests that the clinical heterogeneity of early-life depression needs to be considered from a longer-term societal perspective.

scholarly journals Transitions between levels of dependency among older people receiving social care – a retrospective longitudinal cohort study in a Swedish municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Zingmark ◽  
Fredrik Norström
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Home Help ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Knowledge is scarce on how needs for home help and special housing evolve among older people who begin to receive support from municipal social care. The purpose of this study was to describe baseline distributions and transitions over time between levels of dependency among older persons after being granted social care in a Swedish municipality. Methods Based on a longitudinal cohort study in a Swedish municipality, data was collected retrospectively from municipal records. All persons 65 years or older who received their first decision on social care during 2010 (n = 415) were categorized as being in mild, moderate, severe, or total dependency, and were observed until the end of 2013. Baseline distributions and transitions over time were described descriptively and analysed with survival analysis, with the Kaplan-Meier estimator, over the entire follow-up period. To test potential differences in relation to gender, we used the Cox-Proportional hazards model. Results Baseline distributions between mild, moderate, severe, and total dependency were 53, 16, 24, and 7.7%. During the first year, between 40 and 63% remained at their initial level of dependency. Among those with mild and moderate levels of dependency at baseline, a large proportion declined towards increasing levels of dependency over time; around 40% had increased their dependency level 1 year from baseline and at the end of the follow-up, 75% had increased their dependency level or died. Conclusions Older people in Sweden being allocated home help are at high risk for decline towards higher levels of dependency, especially those at mild or moderate dependency levels at baseline. Taken together, it is important that municipalities make use of existing knowledge so that they implement cost-effective preventative interventions for older people at an early stage before a decline toward increasing levels of dependency.

scholarly journals Social Frailty Leads to the Development of Physical Frailty among Physically Non-Frail Adults: A Four-Year Follow-Up Longitudinal Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Ryo Hotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort

scholarly journals Outcome of depression in later life in primary care: longitudinal cohort study with three years' follow-up

BMJ ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 338 (feb02 1) ◽  
pp. a3079-a3079 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Licht-Strunk ◽  
H W J Van Marwijk ◽  
T Hoekstra ◽  
J W R Twisk ◽  
M De Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort

scholarly journals Adherence to International Follow-Up Guidelines in Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in Luxembourg

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e80162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Renard ◽  
Valery Bocquet ◽  
Gwenaelle Vidal-Trecan ◽  
Marie-Lise Lair ◽  
Claudine Blum-Boisgard
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort
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