scholarly journals Effect of Continuously Warmed Irrigating Solution during Transurethral Resection

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Harioka ◽  
M. Murakawa ◽  
J. Noda ◽  
K. Mori
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Deep Body ◽  
Bladder Tumours

The effects of a continuously warmed irrigating solution on body temperature during transurethral resection of the prostate and of bladder tumours were studied in forty patients. Anaesthesia was spinal and deep body temperatures of the forehead and lower abdomen were measured, using a deep body thermometry system. Both forehead and lower abdominal deep body temperatures decreased significantly in the patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate with an irrigating solution at operating room temperature, but did not decrease in the patients who received a continuously warmed irrigating solution. The same results were obtained for the patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour. Our results indicate that a continuously warmed irrigating solution could prevent the fall in body temperature during transurethral resection, especially prostate resection, under spinal anaesthesia.

scholarly journals Reduction of Heat Loss during Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Dyer ◽  
P. S. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Bladder Irrigation ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Irrigation Solution

A prospective trial was performed on 100 patients to determine whether using a reflective blanket (Space Blanket) and heated glycine 1.5% bladder irrigation solution would decrease the fall in body temperature associated with transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anaesthesia. Patients who received a combination of reflective blanket and heated glycine 1.5% solution had their fall in body temperature significantly reduced when compared with those patients managed without a reflective blanket and/or heated 1.5% glycine. There was a marked decrease in the number of patients shivering and no increase in blood loss was seen when heated bladder irrigation solution was used.

Body temperature of the salmon shark, Lamna ditropis

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Smith ◽  
D. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Deep Body

The salmon shark, Lamna ditropis Hubbs and Follett, is a streamlined, pelagic predator capable of rapid swimming locomotion, very similar to its close relative, the Atlantic porbeagle, Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre). The porbeagle is warm-bodied, maintaining deep body temperatures 7–11 °C above those of the surface water from which they are captured (Carey & Teal, 1969a). Presumably, Lamna ditropis is also warm-bodied. Opportunities to measure temperatures of salmon sharks occurred on 2, 4 and 5 September 1979, when one of us (D.R.) hooked and landed three salmon sharks while hand-trolling for salmon. The sharks were all caught near Cape Edgecumbe, about 60 km from Sitka, Alaska (57° 6´N, 135° 55´ W) at a depth of 12–40 m.

Differential effects of hypoxia on sleep of warm- and cold-acclimated rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2189-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pollard ◽  
D. Megirian ◽  
J. H. Sherrey
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Neutral Temperature ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Deep Body ◽  
Maximum Minimum

We studied the effect of different levels of hypoxia (10, 12 or 13, 15, and 18% O2) on the sleep-waking pattern (SWP) and the maximum-minimum core temperature of warm-acclimated (WA) and cold-acclimated (CA) rats at their neutral temperature, 29 degrees C. Whereas the SWP of WA rats showed a trend toward increasing disruption as the degree of hypoxia increased, CA rats exhibited no such trend. The effect was chiefly on the frequency of state changes and less on epoch durations. The SWP of WA rats was more vulnerable to hypoxia than that of CA rats. Maximum and minimum body temperatures of WA and CA rats were not significantly affected by O2 lack down to 10% inspired O2. We conclude that in the rat 1) hypoxia primarily affects the neural mechanism that governs the frequency of changes in sleep-waking states; 2) the extent of alterations in SWP's depends on the ambient temperature to which the rats are acclimated; and 3) hypoxia does not significantly affect deep body temperature at the animal's neutral temperature.

Seasonal and diurnal variations in body temperatures of Hereford and Brahman cross cattle in a cool temperate environment

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
East African ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Seasonal And Diurnal Variations ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Temperate Environment ◽  
Deep Body

Kendall (1948) suggested that the ability of cattle to thrive in tropical regions could be better indicated by the diurnal variation in body temperature rather than actual body temperature. However, Bligh & Lampkin (1965) found little difference in the nychthemeral variation in deep-body temperature of East African Zebus and Herefords grazing under conditions where the atmospheric shade temperature varied from 71 to 40 °F.

scholarly journals Cautery artifact understages urothelial cancer at initial transurethral resection of large bladder tumours

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Truong ◽  
Lorraine Liang ◽  
Janet Kukreja ◽  
Jeanne O’Brien ◽  
Jerome Jean-Gilles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Billing Data ◽  
Accurate Staging ◽  
Resident Involvement ◽  
Bladder Tumours

Introduction: We sought to determine how frequently cautery (thermal) artifact precludes an accurate determination of stage at initial transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) of large bladder tumours.Methods: We queried our institution’s billing data to identify patients who underwent TURBT for large bladder tumours >5cm (CPT 52240) by two urologists at an academic centre from January 2009 through April 2013. Only patients who underwent initialstaging TURBT for urothelial cancer were included. Pathological reports were reviewed for stage, number of separate pathological specimens per TURBT, and presence of cautery artifact. Operative reports were reviewed for whether additional cold cup biopsies were taken of other suspicious areas of the bladder, resident involvement, and type of electrocautery.Results: We identified 119 patients who underwent initial staging TURBT for large tumours. Cautery artifact interfered with accurate staging in 7/119 (6%) of cases. Of these, six patients underwent restaging TURBT, with 50% percent experiencing upstaging to T2 disease. Tumour size, tumour grade, whether additional cold cup biopsies were taken, number of separate pathological specimens sent, and resident involvement were not associated with cautery artifact (all p>0.05). Bipolar resection had a higher rate of cautery artifact 5/42 (12%), compared to monopolar resection 2/77 (2.6%) approaching significance (p=0.095).Conclusions: Cautery artifact may delay accurate staging at initial TURBT for large tumours by understaging up to 6% of patients.

Afterdrop of body temperature during rewarming: an alternative explanation

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Peripheral Blood Flow ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Cold Blood ◽  
Deep Body

Afterdrop, the continued fall of deep body temperatures during rewarming after hypothermia, is thought to endanger the heart by further cooling from cold blood presumed to be returning from the periphery. However, afterdrop is not always observed, depending on the circumstances. To explore this phenomenon, mild hypothermia was induced quantitatively with a suit calorimeter, using several patterns of cooling and rewarming. When cooling was rapid and followed immediately by rewarming, there were typical afterdrops in the temperatures measured in the rectum, auditory canal, and esophagus. However, when rewarming was delayed, or when cooling had been slow and prolonged, afterdrop was not seen. Afterdrops were then observed in two physical models that had no circulation: a bag of gelatin and a leg of beef. Central layers continued to give up heat as long as the surrounding layer was cooler. These results, together with recent findings by others that peripheral blood flow is low until afterdrop is complete, make this circulatory explanation of afterdrop improbable. Alternatively, afterdrop can be explained by the way heat moves through a mass of tissue.

Comparative effects of hypoxia on behavioral thermoregulation in rats, hamsters, and mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. R120-R125 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Gordon ◽  
L. Fogelson
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Deep Body

Recent studies using reptiles and other ectothermic species have shown that hypoxia lowers the set point for the control of body temperature. This is characterized by a preference for cooler ambient (Ta) and deep body temperatures (Tb) when placed in a temperature gradient. To elucidate the presence of this effect in mammals, the selected Ta and Tb of three rodent species (mouse, hamster, and rat) were measured while subjected to graded hypoxia in a temperature gradient. Individual animals were placed in the gradient for 30 min. Oxygen content of air entering the gradient was then reduced to a constant level for a period of 60 min by dilution with nitrogen. Tb was significantly reduced in all species at %O2 levels of 5.5-10%. Selected Ta was significantly reduced in the mouse at %O2 levels of 5.5 and 7.3%. Selected Ta of the hamster and rat were reduced slightly at %O2 levels of 5.8 and 7.4%, respectively; however, the effect was not statistically significant. To clarify the effects of hypoxia in these two species, the sample size of rat and hamster was increased to strengthen statistical analysis, and the animals were exposed for 60 min to %O2 levels of 7.4 and 6.7%, respectively. Both species exhibited a significant reduction in selected Ta during hypoxia concomitant with hypothermia. These data support the hypothesis that hypoxia lowers the set point for the control of body temperature in rodents.

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