Headache in chronic cocaine users: A cross-sectional study

Background Headache is one of the most common symptoms after cocaine use. Methods We investigated headache frequency and characteristics and the correlation between headache and acute cocaine intake in a cross-sectional study in a consecutive series of chronic cocaine users. Results Participation rate was 94.1%. Of the 80 subjects enrolled, 72 (90%) reported current headaches, in most cases migraine or probable migraine without aura. Of these 72, 29 (40.3%) had a headache history, whereas 43 (59.7%) reported de novo headache after beginning to use cocaine. After acute cocaine use, a large percentage of users reported headache attacks: 86.2% of previous headache sufferers (migraine or probable migraine without aura in all cases) and 93% of de novo headache sufferers (migraine/probable migraine without aura = 35; episodic tension-type headache = three patients; cocaine-induced headache= two patients). Most subjects reported that when they used cocaine headaches worsened. Conclusion Chronic cocaine use frequently seems to worsen or induce headache with migraine or migraine-like characteristics, probably owing to a serotoninergic and dopaminergic system impairment. In headache sufferers, especially those with migraine headaches, clinicians should enquire into possible cocaine use.

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Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in oral mucosa cells of crack and cocaine users: a cross-sectional study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-020-09892-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (30) ◽

pp. 37920-37926

Author(s):

Rosângela Góes Rabelo ◽

Arthur Pias Salgueiro ◽

Fernanda Visioli ◽

Viviane Palmeira da Silva ◽

Maria das Graças Alonso Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Mucosa ◽

Nucleolar Organizer ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cocaine Users ◽

Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions

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Risk and Protective Factors of Lifetime Cocaine-Associated Chest Pain

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.704276 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Virgile Clergue-Duval ◽

Louise Nicolas-Sacy ◽

Emily Karsinti ◽

El-Hadi Zerdazi ◽

Jean-Louis Laplanche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Multiple Testing ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cocaine Use ◽

Amphetamine Use ◽

Cocaine Users

Introduction: Cocaine users often present with repetitive events of cocaine-associated chest pain (CACP), clinically resembling acute coronary syndromes. The aim of the study is to describe the specific risk factors for CACP.Method: Cocaine users (n = 316) were recruited for a multicenter cross-sectional study. Lifetime CACP history, sociodemographic factors, and lifetime use of cocaine and other substances were assessed. Thirty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NOS3, ROCK2, EDN1, GUCY1A3, and ALDH2 genes, suggested by the literature on coronary spasms, were selected. The associations with CACP history were tested using the chi-square test, Student's t-test and logistic regression.Results: Among the 316 subjects [78.5% men, mean age 37.5 years, (standard-deviation ±8.7)], 190 (60.1%) were daily cocaine users and 103 (32.6%) reported a lifetime CACP history. Among those with a lifetime CACP history, the median was 10 events per individual. In multivariate analysis, lifetime CACP history was associated with daily cocaine use [odds-ratio (OR) 3.24; 95% confidence intervals (1.29–9.33)], rapid route of cocaine use [OR 2.33 (1.20–4.64) vs. intranasal use], and lifetime amphetamine use [daily amphetamine use: OR 2.80 (1.25–6.32) and non-daily amphetamine use: OR 2.14 (1.15–4.04) vs. never used]. Patients with lifetime opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) reported significantly less lifetime CACP history [OR 0.35 (0.16–0.76)]. None of the selected SNPs was associated with CACP history after multiple testing corrections.Conclusions: Clinical variables describing the intensity of stimulant use were positively associated with lifetime CACP history, while OMT was negatively associated with it. Specific harm reduction strategies can target these risk factors.

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Alcohol and Crack Cocaine Use in Women: A 14-Year Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Addictive Diseases ◽

10.1080/10550887.2014.882726 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Márcio Mariano Moreira ◽

Gerson Laurindo Barbosa ◽

Ronaldo Laranjeira ◽

Sandro Sendin Mitsuhiro

Keyword(s):

Crack Cocaine ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cocaine Use

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Mild behavioral impairment is related to frailty in non-dementia older adults: a cross-sectional study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-020-01903-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shaoyi Fan ◽

Ximin Liang ◽

Tianchan Yun ◽

Zhong Pei ◽

Bin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Behavioral Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Frailty and cognitive decline are highly prevalent among older adults. However, the relationship between frailty and mild behavioral impairment (MBI), a dementia risk syndrome characterized by later-life emergence of persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms, has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the associations between MBI and frailty in older adults without dementia. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a consecutive series of 137 older adults without dementia in the Anti-Aging Study, recruited from primary care clinics, were enrolled. Frailty was estimated using the Fried phenotype. MBI was evaluated by the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C) at a cut-off point of > 8. Cognition was assessed with the Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BC) and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between MBI and objective cognition with frailty status. Results At baseline, 30.7% of the older adults had frailty and 18.2% had MBI (MBI+ status). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that compared to those without MBI (MBI- status), MBI+ was more likely to have frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 7.44, 95% CI = 1.49–37.21, p = 0.02). Frailty and MBI were both significantly associated with both MMSE and MoCA-BC score (p < 0.05). Conclusions Both frailty and MBI status were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. MBI was significantly associated with an increased risk of having frailty in the absence of dementia. This association merits further study to identify potential strategies for the early detection, prevention and therapeutic intervention of frailty.

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Non-Motor Symptoms of the Postural Instability and Gait Difficulty Subtype in De Novo Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Single Center

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment ◽

10.2147/ndt.s280960 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 16 ◽

pp. 2605-2612

Author(s):

Jingru Ren ◽

Ping Hua ◽

Chenxi Pan ◽

Yuqian Li ◽

Li Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

De Novo ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Postural Instability ◽

Motor Symptoms ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Single Center ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Motor Symptoms

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Patients’ participation in government-sponsored guidelines in Latin America: a cross-sectional study

BMJ evidence-based medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111530 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bmjebm-2020-111530

Author(s):

Luis Ignacio Garegnani ◽

Nicolás Meza ◽

Pablo Rosón-Rodriguez ◽

Camila Micaela Escobar-Liquitay ◽

Marcelo Arancibia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

De Novo ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hand Search ◽

Latin American Region ◽

Government Websites ◽

Grade Approach

BackgroundIt is recommended that patients actively participate in clinical practice guideline (CPG) development, which allows consideration of their values and preferences and improves adherence to recommendations. The development of CPGs throughout Latin America is variable and diverse, and the inclusion of patients’ participation is unknown.ObjectivesTo evaluate the methods of patients’ participation in government-sponsored CPGs in Latin America, the type of CPG development and the use of Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods.DesignCross-sectional study. We included CPGs developed over the last 10 years through a comprehensive hand search in official national government websites and biomedical databases.Main outcome measureThe type of patients’ participation was coded according to five predefined categories. We also report the proportion of application of GRADE methods.ResultsWe included 408 CPGs from 10 countries: 74% (n=303) were de novo development, 13%(n=55) used an adaptation method and 10%(n=41) used both adaptation and de novo methods. Only 45% (n=185) applied the GRADE approach, ranging from 14% (n=12) of CPGs in Brazil to 89% (n=56) of CPGs in Colombia. Only 23% (n=95) of CPGs included at least one method of patients’ participation. Mexico was one of the largest CPG producers (100 CPGs), but none included methods of patients’ participation; in turn, in countries with lower production of government-sponsored CPGs, patients’ participation was found in almost 88%. Guidelines using the GRADE approach were more likely to use methods of patients’ participation. These methods were highly variable: 46% (n=44) incorporated patients in the panel, 81% (n=77) searched for evidence about patients’ values and preferences, 43% (n=39) used an external review of the draft recommendations by patients, 38% (n=36) used public comments, and 2% included other methods for stakeholders’ participation.ConclusionOnly one quarter of government-sponsored CPGs in the Latin American region incorporated a method for patients’ participation, which varied considerably across the selected countries. These findings highlight the need to improve CPG development methods to systematically incorporate patients’ values and preferences when drafting recommendations.

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COVID-19 and headache: Impact on pre-existing and characteristics of de novo: A cross-sectional study

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jns.2021.119336 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 429 ◽

pp. 119336

Author(s):

Samar Farouk Ahmed ◽

Fathi Abokalawa ◽

Maram Alenzi ◽

Raed Alroughani ◽

Jasem Al Hashel

Keyword(s):

De Novo ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Headache Impact

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Mild behavioral impairment is related to frailty in non-dementia older adults: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34750/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shaoyi Fan ◽

Ximin Liang ◽

Tianchan Yun ◽

Zhong Pei ◽

Bin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Behavioral Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Frailty and cognitive decline are highly prevalent among older adults. However, the relationship between frailty and mild behavioral impairment (MBI), a dementia risk syndrome characterized by later-life emergence of persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms, has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the associations between MBI and frailty in older adults without dementia.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a consecutive series of 137 older adults without dementia in the Anti-Aging Study, recruited from primary care clinics, were enrolled. Frailty was estimated using the Fried phenotype. MBI was evaluated by the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C) at a cut-off point of >8. Cognition was assessed with the Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BC) and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between MBI and objective cognition with frailty status.Results: At baseline, 30.7% of the older adults had frailty and 18.2% had MBI (MBI+ status). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that compared to those without MBI (MBI- status), MBI+ was more likely to have frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 7.44, 95% CI = 1.49-37.21, p = 0.02). Frailty and MBI were both significantly associated with both MMSE and MoCA-BC score (p<0.05).Conclusions: Both frailty and MBI status were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. MBI was significantly associated with an increased risk of having frailty in the absence of dementia. This association merits further study to identify potential strategies for the early detection, prevention and therapeutic intervention of frailty.

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Coronavirus disease-19 and headache; impact on pre-existing and characteristics of de novo: a cross-sectional study

The Journal of Headache and Pain ◽

10.1186/s10194-021-01314-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jasem Youssef Al-Hashel ◽

Fathi Abokalawa ◽

Maram Alenzi ◽

Raed Alroughani ◽

Samar Farouk Ahmed

Keyword(s):

De Novo ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Headache Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Headache Disorders ◽

Male Patients ◽

Type Headache

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Headache is a common symptom during and after Coronavirus disease-19. We aimed to study headache character in relation to COVID-19. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Patients who had Coronavirus disease-19, confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique and presented to the headache clinic within 3 months after the onset of infections were identified to the study. Study included patients diagnosed as primary headache disorders according to The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Participants were grouped into categories according to having previous or de novo headache. Descriptive data, paired sample t-test and the chi-squared test (X2) were used for statistical analyses of the data. Results A total of 121 patients were included in this study. Their mean age was 35.29 + 9.54 and most of them were females (83.5%). Prior to Coronavirus disease-19 infections, 78 (64.5%) had migraine and 11(9.1%) experienced a tension-type headache while 32 (26.4) reported de novo headache post Coronavirus disease-19. Patient had significant increase in headache days 11.09 ± 8.45 post Coronavirus disease-19 compared with 8.66 ± 7.49 headache days before Coronavirus disease-19 infection (p < 0.006). Post Coronavirus disease-19, the usage of analgesic increased significantly by the patient with migraine (2.31 ± 1.65 vs 3.05 ± 2.09, p = 0.002) while the patient with tension type headache had statistically significant increase in severity (5.556 ± 1.86 vs 7 ± 2.25, p = 0.033) and frequency (7 ± 6.29 vs 12.72 ± 7.96, p = 0.006) of headache attacks. Bi-frontal and temporal headache are the most reported (40.6% each) headache site among de novo headache group. Patients younger than 40 years had longer duration of the headache attack (18.50 ± 16.44 vs 5.5 ± 9.07, p = 0.045) post COVID-19. Male patients compared to females (8.66 ± 1.15 versus 5.93 ± 2.01 p = 0.04) had more severe headache post Coronavirus disease-19. De novo headache resolved within 1 month in most of patients (65.3%). Conclusion Primary headache get worse after Coronavirus disease-19. De novo primary headache is frequent post Coronavirus disease-19 and resolve within 1 month. Headaches related to Coronavirus disease-19 are severe, present as migraine phenotype. Young male patients with Coronavirus disease-19 tend to have worse headache.

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