Benefits of Compiling and Analyzing Hydraulic-Design Data for Bridges

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110237
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Benedict ◽  
Thomas P. Knight
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Bridge Scour ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Engineering Knowledge ◽  
Hydraulic Design ◽  
Strong Measure ◽  
Design Characteristics

The hydraulic design of bridges is a discipline that requires a strong measure of engineering judgment. Developing good engineering judgment can take years of experience, and generally increases one project at a time. A supplemental tool that can promote the development of engineering knowledge and judgment is to compile, analyze, and graphically present hydraulic data associated with stream and bridge-design characteristics from previously analyzed bridges. If the data set is sufficiently large, graphs developed from such an effort can provide the engineer with an enhanced picture of stream and bridge-design characteristics, helping them further develop their engineering knowledge and judgment. Furthermore, such graphs can function as project scoping tools and hydraulic-design review tools. Using selected data from approximately 300 bridge-scour studies in South Carolina, previously conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, and limited hydraulic bridge-design data for approximately 200 bridges in South Carolina, trends in stream and bridge-hydraulic characteristics were evaluated including channel width, floodplain width, flood flow depths, stream slopes, bridge backwater, bridge flow velocity, and bridge lengths. Selected relationships are presented in this paper and should serve as a valuable tool for better understanding stream and bridge-hydraulic characteristics in South Carolina.

scholarly journals A System for Phenotype Harmonization in the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne M Stilp ◽  
Leslie S Emery ◽  
Jai G Broome ◽  
Erin J Buth ◽  
Alyna T Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
National Heart Lung ◽  
Centralized System

Abstract Genotype-phenotype association studies often combine phenotype data from multiple studies to increase power. Harmonization of the data usually requires substantial effort due to heterogeneity in phenotype definitions, study design, data collection procedures, and data set organization. Here we describe a centralized system for phenotype harmonization that includes input from phenotype domain and study experts, quality control, documentation, reproducible results, and data sharing mechanisms. This system was developed for the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine program, which is generating genomic and other omics data for >80 studies with extensive phenotype data. To date, 63 phenotypes have been harmonized across thousands of participants from up to 17 studies per phenotype (participants recruited 1948-2012). We discuss challenges in this undertaking and how they were addressed. The harmonized phenotype data and associated documentation have been submitted to National Institutes of Health data repositories for controlled-access by the scientific community. We also provide materials to facilitate future harmonization efforts by the community, which include (1) the code used to generate the 63 harmonized phenotypes, enabling others to reproduce, modify or extend these harmonizations to additional studies; and (2) results of labeling thousands of phenotype variables with controlled vocabulary terms.

The Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry, Revisited

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 424-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. H. Lilley ◽  
Judy L. Silberg
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Twin Registry ◽  
Children Of Twins ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Sleep Homeostasis ◽  
Population Based Registry

The Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry (MATR) is a population-based registry of more than 56,000 twins primarily born or living in Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. The MATR employs several methods of ascertaining twins, and devotes considerable resources to tracking and maintaining communication with MATR participants. Researchers may utilize the MATR for administration of research services including study recruitment, collection of DNA, archival data set creation, as well as data collection through mailed, phone, or online surveys. In addition, the MATR houses the MATR Repository, with over 1,200 blood samples available for researchers interested in DNA genotyping. For over 35 years MATR twins have participated in research studies with investigators from diverse scientific disciplines and various institutions. These studies, which have resulted in numerous publications, have covered a range of topics, including the human microbiome, developmental psychopathology, depression, anxiety, substance use, epigenetics of aging, children of twins, pre-term birth, social attitudes, seizures, eating disorders, as well as sleep homeostasis. Researchers interested in utilizing twins are encouraged to contact the MATR to discuss potential research opportunities.

Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis of the Fort St. Vrain Modular Vault Dry Store System

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Cho ◽  
A. H. Seltzer ◽  
M. Blackbourn
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Hydraulic Analysis ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Hydraulic Design ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Design Analyses ◽  
Thermal Hydraulic Analysis

A passive, natural thermosyphon, air-cooled modular vault dry store (MVDS) system is being constructed for the storage of nuclear spent fuel for the Fort St. Vrain (FSV) Nuclear Power Station. In support of this FSV-MVDS system, thermal-hydraulic design analyses have been performed. The objective of the analyses is to determine flow and temperature distributions within the system and thus to ensure that the maximum fuel element temperatures shall not exceed specified design limit values under various loading and unloading conditions. This paper presents the method of analysis and discusses the resulting thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the MVDS system.

Are Maternal Genitourinary Infection and Pre-Eclampsia Associated With ADHD in School-Aged Children?

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Mann ◽  
Suzanne McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Billing Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nongonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Genitourinary Infection ◽  
Made In

Objective: To investigate the hypothesis that maternal genitourinary infection (GU) infection is associated with increased risk of ADHD. Method: The authors obtained linked Medicaid billing data for pregnant women and their children in South Carolina, with births from 1996 through 2002 and follow-up data through 2008. Maternal GU infections and pre-eclampsia were identified on the basis of diagnoses made during pregnancy, and cases of ADHD were identified on the basis of diagnoses made in the child’s Medicaid file. Results: There were 84,721 children in the data set used for analyses. Maternal genitourinary infection was associated with significantly increased odds of ADHD (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.23-1.35). Pre-eclampsia was also associated with increased risk (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07-1.32). Children whose mothers had both GU infection and pre-eclampsia were 53% more likely to have ADHD, compared to those with neither exposure. When we examined specific infection diagnoses, chlamydia/nongonococcal urethritis, trichomoniasis, urinary tract infection, and candidiasis were associated with increased risk of ADHD, whereas gonorrhea was not. Discussion: Maternal GU infection appeared to be associated with increased risk of ADHD, and based on the findings it was concluded that further research is needed to describe the mechanism(s) underlying the association.

scholarly journals WIND-GENERATED LONGSHORE CURRENTS

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Dag Nummedal ◽  
Robert J. Finley
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Longshore Current ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
One Year

This paper evaluates, through the use of a stepwise multiple regression procedure, whether parameters descriptive of the surf-zone wave field adequately explain the variability in longshore current velocities, or if the inclusion of additional physical environmental parameters could significantly improve the ability to predict such currents. The data set consists of 250 LEO - observations, collected on a seasonal basis over one year, at Debidue Island beach, South Carolina. A regression analysis was performed both on linear combinations of all measured wave parameters, and on nonlinear parameter combinations proposed in various semiempirical predictive equations. Invariably, in all the regression analyses, the longshore component of the wind velocity proved to be the independent variable explaining most of the observed variance in the current velocity. Therefore, the statistical data analysis presented in this paper strongly suggests that wind stress can be a most significant factor in surf-zone current generation.

scholarly journals A system for phenotype harmonization in the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne M. Stilp ◽  
Leslie S. Emery ◽  
Jai G. Broome ◽  
Erin J. Buth ◽  
Alyna T. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
National Heart Lung ◽  
Centralized System

Genotype-phenotype association studies often combine phenotype data from multiple studies to increase power. Harmonization of the data usually requires substantial effort due to heterogeneity in phenotype definitions, study design, data collection procedures, and data set organization. Here we describe a centralized system for phenotype harmonization that includes input from phenotype domain and study experts, quality control, documentation, reproducible results, and data sharing mechanisms. This system was developed for the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program, which is generating genomic and other omics data for >80 studies with extensive phenotype data. To date, 63 phenotypes have been harmonized across thousands of participants from up to 17 TOPMed studies per phenotype. We discuss the challenges faced in this undertaking and how they were addressed. The harmonized phenotype data and associated documentation have been submitted to National Institutes of Health data repositories for controlled-access by the scientific community. We also provide materials to facilitate future harmonization efforts by the community, which include (1) the code used to generate the 63 harmonized phenotypes, enabling others to reproduce, modify or extend these harmonizations to additional studies; and (2) results of labeling thousands of phenotype variables with controlled vocabulary terms.

scholarly journals Enabling Product Design Reuse by Long-term Preservation of Engineering Knowledge

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Brunsmann ◽  
Wolfgang Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Product Lifecycle Management ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Engineering Knowledge ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Long Term Preservation

In the highly competitive engineering industry, product innovations are created with the help of a product lifecycle management (PLM) tool chain. In order to support fast-paced product development, a major company goal is the reuse of product designs and product descriptions. Due to the product’s complexity, the design of a product not only consists of geometry data but also of valuable engineering knowledge that is created during the various PLM phases. The need to preserve such intellectual capital leads engineering companies to introduce knowledge management and archiving their machine-readable formal representation. However, archived knowledge is in danger of becoming unusable since it is very likely that knowledge semantics and knowledge representation will evolve over long time periods, for example during the 50 operational years of some products. Knowledge evolution and knowledge representation technology changes are crucial issues since a reuse of the archived product information can only be ensured if its rationale and additional knowledge are interpretable with future software and technologies. Therefore, in order to reuse design data fully, knowledge about the design must also be migrated to be interoperable with future design systems and knowledge representation methods. This paper identifies problems, issues, requirements, challenges and solutions that arise while tackling the long-term preservation of engineering knowledge.

From Principals to Teachers to Students: Exploring an Integrative Model for Predicting Students’ Achievements

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mowafaq Qadach ◽  
Chen Schechter ◽  
Rima’a Da’as
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
School Level ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Math And Science

Purpose: This study explored a theoretical model proposing direct and mediated effects for principals’ characteristics—principals’ information-processing mechanisms (PIPMs) and instructional leadership (IL)—with organizational learning mechanisms (OLMs), for schools’ OLMs with teachers’ characteristics—teachers’ affective commitment (TAC), collective teacher efficacy (CTE), and teachers’ job satisfaction (TJS)—and finally, for teachers’ characteristics with students’ achievements on national math and science tests. Design: Data were collected from a multisource survey of a random sample of 130 elementary school principals representing Israel’s full socioeconomic range, 1,700 teachers from those schools, as well as data on those schools retrieved from the Ministry of Education data set. Data were aggregated at the school level for structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. Findings: Analysis from SEM confirmed that IL emerges as a prominent mediator between PIPMs and OLMs. OLMs emerged as a prominent mediator between IL and the three teachers’ characteristics. TAC and CTE were significantly directly related to students’ math and science achievements. Finally, OLMs promoted students’ math and science achievements only through CTE. Implications: The relationships found for both principal characteristics (PIPMs and IL) with OLMs in schools highlight principals’ potentially important role in promoting collective learning within schools through utilization of OLMs, which can predict critical teacher characteristics (TAC, CTE, TJS), which in turn can predict school effectiveness measures (i.e., students’ achievements).

scholarly journals Using marginal structural models to identify the cardiovascular adverse effects of second generation antipsychotics in children and adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Avnish Tripathi ◽  
George B. Black ◽  
Jeanette M. Jerrell
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Marginal Structural Models ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pharmacy Claims ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics

In pediatric patients, we examined the association between exposure to five second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and incidentcardiovascular events (arrhythmic or ischemic/myocardial) over time using marginal structural models (MSM), while controllingfor salient comorbid conditions and co-prescribed psychotropic medications. A retrospective cohort, longitudinal/ observationalstudy design was used to evaluate Medicaid medical and pharmacy claims in 4140 children and adolescents prescribed SGAsfrom South Carolina USA’s Medicaid program covering outpatient and inpatient medical services and medication prescriptionsbetween January, 1996 and December, 2005. Exposure to multiple SGAs (Risk Ratio [RR]=2.37; 95% CI=1.17-4.83), coprescribedpsychostimulants (RR=1.37; CI=1.03-1.81), and comorbid hypertension (RR=2.23; CI=1.28-3.89) were associatedwith a significantly increased risk of arrhythmias compared to those not exposed, whereas exposure to co-prescribed serotoninnorepinephrine reuptake inhibitor/heterocyclic compounds was associated with a significantly decreased risk of arrhythmias(RR=0.59; CI=0.35-0.99). The risk of incident ischemic/myocardial events was significantly associated with the co-prescription ofmood stabilizers (RR=1.68; CI=1.06-2.68) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (RR=1.91; CI=1.18-3.09), and the presenceof comorbid hypertension (RR=3.97; CI=1.96-8.07) and obesity (RR=2.21; CI=1.34-3.67). MSM analyses comparing multipletreatments while controlling for confounding variables in an observational, longitudinal data set provide important, differentialestimates of outcome, when randomized, controlled trials estimating low-incidence outcomes such as cardiovascular adverseevents in large pediatric patient populations are not feasible.

scholarly journals Comparing the performance of analytical techniques for genetic parentage of half-sib progeny arrays

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEAN A. CROSHAW ◽  
MAUREEN B. PETERS ◽  
TRAVIS C. GLENN
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Bayesian Probability ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Analytical Approaches

SummaryThe prevalence of female multiple mating in natural populations is important for many questions in mating system evolution. Several statistical techniques use genetic data to estimate the number of fathers that contribute gametes to broods, but they have not been widely compared to assess the magnitude of differences in their performance. With a combination of new data and reanalysis of previously published data, we compared five analytical approaches: (1) allele-counting, (2) parental reconstruction in GERUD, (3) a Bayesian probability model to estimate the frequency of multiple mating (FMM), (4) computer simulations based on population allele frequencies in HAPLOTYPES and (5) Bayesian parental reconstruction in PARENTAGE. The results show that choice of analysis technique can significantly affect estimates of sire number. Estimates from GERUD conformed exactly to results obtained from strict exclusion of potential sires in an experimental context. However, estimates yielded by HAPLOTYPES and PARENTAGE sometimes exceeded the numbers from GERUD by as much as 120 and 55%, respectively. We recommend GERUD over these other approaches for most purposes because of its accuracy and consistency in this analysis. Our novel genetic data set allowed us to investigate the extent and frequency of multiple paternity in a marbled salamander (Ambystoma opacum) population in South Carolina, USA. A. opacum contrasted with other salamander species by having relatively low levels of multiple paternity (only 31–54% compared with 71–96%). Although A. opacum had the lowest level of multiple paternity under all analytical approaches used here, the magnitude of differences among species varied.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document