scholarly journals Characterization of the Facial Expression of Emotions in Schizophrenia Patients: Preliminary Findings with a New Electromyography Method

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Wolf ◽  
Reinhard Mass ◽  
Falk Kiefer ◽  
Klaus Wiedemann ◽  
Dieter Naber
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Facial Emg ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Reduced Activity

Objective: We investigated facial expression of emotions (FEE) in schizophrenia patients, using an improved and highly selective facial electromyography (EMG) method, and we examined the correlation between FEE and psychopathology. Method: We compared unmedicated patients with schizophrenia ( n = 32) with healthy subjects ( n = 21) with regard to the activity of 3 joy-relevant facial muscles (the M.zygomaticus, the M.orbicularis oculi, and the M.levator labii). Emotions were induced by pictures from the International Affective Picture System. We measured previsible muscle activity with a new, highly selective facial EMG. We used the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale to evaluate psychopathology. Results: Patients with schizophrenia showed fewer joy or smile reactions than did control subjects and displayed decreased activity of the M.orbicularis oculi and M.zygomaticus under presentation of positive pictures. Reduced activity of these muscles can be caused by depression. Increased activity of the M.levator labii correlates with positive symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that psychopathological syndromes correlate with schizophrenic mimic disturbances. These results can be used to compare various antipsychotics with regard to their influence on mimic disturbances. Objectif: Nous avons étudié l'expression émotionnelle du visage (EEV) chez des patients souffrant de schizophrénie, à l'aide d'une technique d'électromyographie (EMG) faciale améliorée et très sélective, et nous avons examiné la corrélation entre l'EEV et la psychopathologie. Méthode: Nous avons comparé des patients non médicamentés souffrant de schizophrénie ( n = 32) avec des sujets en santé ( n = 21) en ce qui concerne l'activité de 3 muscles faciaux liés à la joie (le muscle grand zygomatique, le muscle orbiculaire et le muscle releveur de la lèvre). Les émotions ont été provoquées par des images du système international d'images affectives (IAPS). Nous avons mesuré l'activité musculaire prévisible au moyen d'une nouvelle EMG faciale très sélective. Nous avons utilisé l'échelle de syndrome positif et négatif (PANSS) pour évaluer la psychopathologie. Résultats: Les patients souffrant de schizophrénie ont eu moins de réactions joyeuses ou souriantes que les sujets témoins et ont démontré une activité moindre du muscle orbiculaire et du muscle grand zygomatique devant les images positives présentées. L'activité réduite de ces muscles peut être causée par la dépression. L'activité accrue du muscle releveur de la lèvre est en corrélation avec les symptômes positifs. Conclusions: Nos observations indiquent que les syndromes psychopathologiques sont en corrélation avec les anomalies mimiques schizophrènes. Ces résultats peuvent servir à comparer divers antipsychotiques relativement à leur influence sur les anomalies mimiques.

The influence of olanzapine on facial expression of emotions in schizophrenia – An improved facial EMG study

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Wolf ◽  
R Mass ◽  
F Kiefer ◽  
K Eckert ◽  
N Weinhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Emg ◽  
Expression Of Emotions

Maltraitance infantile et fonctionnement psychique dans la schizophrénie : apport du Rorschach

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (S3) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
M. Hadidi ◽  
D. Fouques ◽  
C. Isaac ◽  
D. Januel
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Abus Sexuels ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Système Intégré

IntroductionAu cours des dernières années, de nombreux auteurs ont observé que les traumatismes dans l’enfance et l’adolescence étaient un facteur aggravant de la symptomatologie de la schizophrénie ([1,2]) et modifiaient notamment l’expression des hallucinations ([3,4]). Ces études ont cependant exprimé plusieurs limites. En effet, ces dernières ont exclusivement utilisé des questionnaires et entretiens, et la majorité d’entre elles s’est spécifiquement centrée sur la symptomatologie positive et négative de la schizophrénie [1]. À l’heure actuelle, il n’existe à notre connaissance aucune étude portant sur le fonctionnement psychique de ces patients.ObjectifNous avons souhaité explorer le lien entre les maltraitances infantiles d’une part, et la symptomatologie, la cognition et le fonctionnement psychique et identitaire d’autre part, dans la schizophrénie.MéthodologieUne étude exploratoire a été menée sur sept patients stabilisés, souffrant de schizophrénie (selon les critères du DSM-IV-TR) et présentant des hallucinations auditivo-verbales. Pour chaque patient, la symptomatologie clinique était évaluée par les échelles d’hétéro-évaluation suivantes : Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Échelle d’Évaluation des Hallucinations Auditives. La maltraitance infantile était évaluée quantitativement par le Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Le fonctionnement psychique et identitaire des patients était observé au moyen du Rorschach en Système Intégré, administré lors d’un second rendez-vous.DiscussionLa maltraitance infantile apparaît être corrélée à la symptomatologie de la schizophrénie ainsi qu’à la cognition et au fonctionnement psychique des patients. En effet, nous observons des corrélations fortes : entre la durée des hallucinations et les négligences, entre les abus physiques et les troubles de la pensée, ainsi qu’entre la représentation de soi et les abus sexuels et émotionnels. La présente étude offre des perspectives thérapeutiques intéressantes et nécessiterait d’être reproduite sur une plus large population.

scholarly journals A Network of Psychopathological, Cognitive, and Motor Symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Melo Moura ◽  
Geeske van Rooijen ◽  
Frederike Schirmbeck ◽  
Hanneke Wigman ◽  
Luís Madeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Network Communities ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Core Features

Abstract Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) are complex syndromes involving psychopathological, cognitive, and also motor symptoms as core features. A better understanding of how these symptoms mutually impact each other could translate into diagnostic, prognostic, and, eventually, treatment advancements. The present study aimed to: (1) estimate a network model of psychopathological, cognitive, and motor symptoms in SSD; (2) detect communities and explore the connectivity and relative importance of variables within the network; and (3) explore differences in subsample networks according to remission status. A sample of 1007 patients from a multisite cohort study was included in the analysis. We estimated a network of 43 nodes, including all the items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, a cognitive assessment battery and clinical ratings of extrapyramidal symptoms. Methodologies specific to network analysis were employed to address the study’s aims. The estimated network for the total sample was densely interconnected and organized into 7 communities. Nodes related to insight, abstraction capacity, attention, and suspiciousness were the main bridges between network communities. The estimated network for the subgroup of patients in remission showed a sparser density and a different structure compared to the network of nonremitted patients. In conclusion, the present study conveys a detailed characterization of the interrelations between a set of core clinical elements of SSD. These results provide potential novel clues for clinical assessment and intervention.

Factor Structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Differs by Sex

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Walsh-Messinger ◽  
Daniel Antonius ◽  
Mark Opler ◽  
Nicole Aujero ◽  
Deborah M. Goetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Risk factors associated with treatment-resistant schizophrenia in first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol Ano 7 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz de Oliveira Assis ◽  
Jayse Gimenez Pereira Brandão ◽  
Pedro Otávio Piva Espósito ◽  
Osmar Tessari Junior ◽  
Bruno Berlucci Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Objetivo: Ainda não está claro quais são os fatores de risco para a esquizofrenia resistente ao tratamento (ERT) em primeiro episódio psicótico (PEP). O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar indicadores de risco para ERT em PEP. Métodos: Foram selecionados 53 pacientes em primeiro episódio psicótico, com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, que deram entrada à enfermaria de psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas Luzia de Pinho Melo entre 2011 e 2015. Ao ser admitido na enfermaria, o paciente era avaliado com a Escala de Sintomas para as Síndromes Positiva e Negativa (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale – PANSS) e recebia tratamento inicial por 4 semanas. Caso sua resposta fosse inferior a 40% de redução na PANSS, o antipsicótico era trocado, e as escalas eram aplicadas novamente após mais 4 semanas. Após a falha com dois antipsicóticos, em doses plenas, por 4 semanas cada, a clozapina era introduzida, e o paciente era considerado ERT. Uma regressão logística foi aplicada onde sexo, idade de início, tempo de doença não tratada, uso de substâncias, avaliação global do funcionamento inicial e PANSS inicial total foram inseridos como variáveis independentes, e ERT foi inserida como variável dependente. Resultados: Tempo de doença não tratada apresentou significância de p = 0,038 e Exp (B) = 4,29, enquanto que PANSS total apresentou p = 0,012 e Exp (B) = 1,06. Conclusão: Identificar os fatores associados à resistência precoce ao tratamento poderia permitir aos clínicos evitar o atraso na introdução da clozapina e prevenir um pior prognóstico para esses pacientes.

Standardized training in the rating of the six-item Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-6)

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 438-446
Author(s):  
Pernille Kølbæk ◽  
David Dines ◽  
Johanna Hansen ◽  
Mark Opler ◽  
Christoph U. Correll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

scholarly journals Amusia and protolanguage impairments in schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 2739-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Kantrowitz ◽  
N. Scaramello ◽  
A. Jakubovitz ◽  
J. M. Lehrfeld ◽  
P. Laukka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Musical Ability ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Language And Music ◽  
Auditory Tasks ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BackgroundBoth language and music are thought to have evolved from a musical protolanguage that communicated social information, including emotion. Individuals with perceptual music disorders (amusia) show deficits in auditory emotion recognition (AER). Although auditory perceptual deficits have been studied in schizophrenia, their relationship with musical/protolinguistic competence has not previously been assessed.MethodMusical ability was assessed in 31 schizophrenia/schizo-affective patients and 44 healthy controls using the Montreal Battery for Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA). AER was assessed using a novel battery in which actors provided portrayals of five separate emotions. The Disorganization factor of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used as a proxy for language/thought disorder and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used to assess cognition.ResultsHighly significant deficits were seen between patients and controls across auditory tasks (p < 0.001). Moreover, significant differences were seen in AER between the amusia and intact music-perceiving groups, which remained significant after controlling for group status and education. Correlations with AER were specific to the melody domain, and correlations between protolanguage (melody domain) and language were independent of overall cognition.DiscussionThis is the first study to document a specific relationship between amusia, AER and thought disorder, suggesting a shared linguistic/protolinguistic impairment. Once amusia was considered, other cognitive factors were no longer significant predictors of AER, suggesting that musical ability in general and melodic discrimination ability in particular may be crucial targets for treatment development and cognitive remediation in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Decision making under ambiguity and risk in adolescent-onset schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Li ◽  
Fengyan Zhang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective Numerous studies have identified impaired decision making (DM) under both ambiguity and risk in adult patients with schizophrenia. However, the assessment of DM in patients with adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) has been challenging as a result of the instability and heterogeneity of manifestations. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and Game of Dice Task (GDT), which are frequently used to evaluate DM respectively under ambiguity and risk, are sensitive to adolescents and neuropsychiatric patients. Our research intended to examine the performance of DM in a relatively large sample of patients with AOS using the above-mentioned two tasks. We also aimed to take a closer look at the relationship between DM and symptom severity of schizophrenia. Methods We compared the performance of DM in 71 patients with AOS and 53 well-matched healthy controls using IGT for DM under ambiguity and GDT for DM under risk through net scores, total scores and feedback ration. Neuropsychological tests were conducted in all participants. Clinical symptoms were evaluated by using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in 71 patients with AOS. Pearson’s correlation revealed the relationship among total score of DM and clinical and neuropsychological data. Results Compared to healthy controls, patients with AOS failed to show learning effect and had a significant difference on the 5th block in IGT and conducted more disadvantageous choices as well as exhibited worse negative feedback rate in GDT. Apart from DM impairment under risk, diminished DM abilities under ambiguity were found related to poor executive function in AOS in the present study. Conclusions Our findings unveiled the abnormal pattern of DM in AOS, mainly reflected under the risky condition, extending the knowledge on the performance of DM under ambiguity and risk in AOS. Inefficient DM under risk may account for the lagging impulse control and the combined effects of developmental disease. In addition, our study demonstrated that the performance on IGT was related to executive function in AOS.

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