The Role of Labor Market Regulation in Rebuilding Economic Opportunity in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Labor Market Regulation

scholarly journals Age Discrimination and Early Retirement Policies: A Comparison of Labor Market Regulation in Canada and the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C T Gillin ◽  
Thomas R Klassen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Labor Market Regulation ◽  
Retirement Policies

Age Discrimination and Early Retirement Policies: A Comparison of Labor Market Regulation in Canada and the United States

scholarly journals Age Discrimination and Early Retirement Policies: A Comparison of Labor Market Regulation in Canada and the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C T Gillin ◽  
Thomas R Klassen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Labor Market Regulation ◽  
Retirement Policies

Age Discrimination and Early Retirement Policies: A Comparison of Labor Market Regulation in Canada and the United States

Development of the Medical Interpreting Profession in the US

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Holly M. Mikkelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Us ◽  
Medical Interpreters ◽  
Medical Interpreting ◽  
Further Development

This chapter traces the development of the medical interpreting profession in the United States as a case study. It begins with the conception of interpreters as volunteer helpers or dual-role medical professionals who happened to have some knowledge of languages other than English. Then it examines the emergence of training programs for medical interpreters, incipient efforts to impose standards by means of certification tests, the role of government in providing language access in health care, and the beginning of a labor market for paid medical interpreters. The chapter concludes with a description of the current situation of professional medical interpreting in the United States, in terms of training, certification and the labor market, and makes recommendations for further development.

scholarly journals Resurrecting the Role of the Product Market Wedge in Recessions

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 1118-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bils ◽  
Peter J. Klenow ◽  
Benjamin A. Malin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Place ◽  
The Self ◽  
Intermediate Inputs ◽  
Matching Frictions ◽  
Labor Wedge ◽  
Sticky Wages

Employment and hours are more cyclical than dictated by productivity and consumption. This intratemporal labor wedge can arise from product or labor market distortions. Based on employee wages, the literature has attributed the intratemporal wedge almost entirely to labor market distortions. Because wages may be smoothed versions of labor's true cyclical price, we instead examine the self-employed and intermediate inputs, respectively. For recent decades in the United States, we find price markup movements are at least as cyclical as wage markup movements. Thus, countercyclical price markups deserve a central place in business-cycle research, alongside sticky wages and matching frictions. (JEL E24, E32, E63, J31, J41)

Raciolinguistic ideology and Spanish-English bilingualism on the US labor market: An analysis of online job advertisements

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Close Subtirelu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Value ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assigned Value ◽  
The Us ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
United States Labor Market

AbstractMultilingualism is often framed as human capital that increases individuals’ labor market value. Such assertions overlook the role of ideology in assigning value to languages and their speakers based on factors other than communicative utility. This article explores the value assigned to Spanish-English bilingualism on the United States labor market through a mixed methods analysis of online job advertisements. Findings suggest that Spanish-English bilingualism is frequently preferred or required for employment in the US, but that such employment opportunities are less lucrative. The results suggest a penalty associated with Spanish-English bilingualism in which positions listing such language requirements advertise lower wages than observationally similar positions. Quantitative disparities and qualitative differences in the specification of language requirements across income levels suggest that bilingual labor is assigned value through a racial lens that leads to linguistic work undertaken by and for US Latinxs being assigned less value. (Multilingualism, labor market, Spanish in the United States, economics of language, raciolinguistics, human capital)*

scholarly journals Immigration System, Labor Market Structures, and Overeducation of High-Skilled Immigrants in the United States and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1072-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Lu ◽  
Feng Hou
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point System ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
National Differences

Why do high-skilled Canadian immigrants lag behind their US counterparts in labor-market outcomes, despite Canada’s merit-based immigration selection system and more integrative context? This article investigates a mismatch between immigrants’ education and occupations, operationalized by overeducation, as an explanation. Using comparable data and three measures of overeducation, we find that university-educated immigrant workers in Canada are consistently much more likely to be overeducated than their US peers and that the immigrant–native gap in the overeducation rate is remarkably higher in Canada than in the United States. This article further examines how the cross-national differences are related to labor-market structures and selection mechanisms for immigrants. Whereas labor-market demand reduces the likelihood of immigrant overeducation in both countries, the role of supply-side factors varies: a higher supply of university-educated immigrants is positively associated with the likelihood of overeducation in Canada, but not in the United States, pointing to an oversupply of high-skilled immigrants relative to Canada’s smaller economy. Also, in Canada the overeducation rate is significantly lower for immigrants who came through employer selection (i.e., those who worked in Canada before obtaining permanent residence) than for those admitted directly from abroad through the point system. Overall, the findings suggest that a merit-based immigration system likely works better when it takes into consideration domestic labor-market demand and the role of employer selection.

The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Marina Krcmar ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Dovile Ruginyte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Happy Mood

This study demonstrates the significance of individual difference factors, particularly gender and sensation seeking, in predicting media choice (examined through hypothetical descriptions of films that participants anticipated they would view). This study used a 2 (Positive mood/negative mood) × 2 (High arousal/low arousal) within-subject design with 544 undergraduate students recruited from a large northeastern university in the United States. Results showed that happy films and high arousal films were preferred over sad films and low-arousal films, respectively. In terms of gender differences, female viewers reported a greater preference than male viewers for happy-mood films. Also, male viewers reported a greater preference for high-arousal films compared to female viewers, and female viewers reported a greater preference for low-arousal films compared to male viewers. Finally, high sensation seekers reported a preference for high-arousal films. Implications for research design and importance of exploring media characteristics are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document