Retrospective Computed Tomography Mapping of Intrapleural Air May Demonstrate Optimal Window for Ultrasound Diagnosis of Pneumothorax

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Kiley ◽  
Patrick Tighe ◽  
Omar Hajibrahim ◽  
Lori Deitte ◽  
Nikolaus Gravenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Interrogation Window ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Sternal Border ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Optimal Window

Introduction: When a pneumothorax exists, free air should rise to the most nondependent region within the chest. Current ultrasound (US) examination methodologies may exclude visualization of these areas that may limit the sensitivity of the examination. This retrospective study uses computed tomography (CT) scans to precisely evaluate where free air within the thorax occurs and correlates this location with a presumably optimal US interrogation window. Methods: A total of 94 CT scans of patients with a pneumothorax in a single institution from December 2006 to January 2010 were examined. The borders and volumes of each pneumothorax were precisely measured by a radiologist. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between volume and location of intrapleural air at specified areas of the hemithorax. Sensitivities relating location of intrapleural air at a specific landmark and side of thorax were calculated. Results: All but 3 of the pneumothoraces extended to the sternum. In all, 83 patients demonstrated a pneumothorax between rib interspaces 3 and 6 (mean pneumothorax volume 300.4 mL, 95% confidence interval [CI] 217.4-383.3), and 11 patients did not (mean pneumothorax volume 4.5 mL, 95% CI 1.7-7.3; P < .0001). The cumulative sensitivity for the presence of intrapleural air at rib interspaces 3 to 6 along the sternal border was 88%. This was consistent regardless of the side of hemithorax (right 91% and left 86%). Conclusion: The CT scans demonstrate that intrapleural air most often collects along the mediastinum between ribs 3 and 6 on either side of the chest. Although no USs were performed in this retrospective study, one may infer that a parasternal approach along rib interspaces 3 to 6 is an easy and sensitive window to diagnose pneumothorax with US.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Width of the Frontal Recess and the Frontal Recess Cells in Japanese Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117955061988494
Author(s):  
Seiichiro Makihara ◽  
Shin Kariya ◽  
Mitsuhiro Okano ◽  
Tomoyuki Naito ◽  
Kensuke Uraguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Frontal Recess ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The agger nasi cell (ANC) is an easily identifiable landmark when approaching the frontal sinus. The success of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery may be influenced by the width of the frontal recess (FR). The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the FR width and the ANC size in Japanese patients. In addition, the effect of various frontal recess cells (FRCs) on the development of frontal sinusitis has been examined. Materials and methods: Multiplanar computed tomography (CT) scans of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses in 95 patients (190 sides) before endoscopic sinus surgery were reviewed. The presence of FRCs, the thickness of the frontal beak (FB), the ANC size, and the anterior-to-posterior (A-P) length of the frontal isthmus (FI) and FR were evaluated in patients with and without frontal sinusitis. Results: The prevalence of the ANC, frontal cell types 1, 2, 3, and 4, frontal bullar cell (FBC), suprabullar cell, supraorbital ethmoid cell, and interfrontal sinus septal cell was 85.3%, 11.6%, 0%, 7.9%, 0%, 25.3%, 45.8%, 16.8%, and 15.3%, respectively. The ANC volume showed a significant positive correlation with the A-P length of the FI and FR. The incidence of frontal sinusitis in the patients with FBCs was significantly higher than that without FBCs. Conclusion: A large ANC offers a greater potential to facilitating the approach to the frontal sinus because of the extensiveness of the FR in Japanese patients. The presence of FBCs may be related to a higher incidence of frontal sinusitis.

Computed tomography study of pineal calcification in schizophrenia

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bersani ◽  
A Garavini ◽  
I Taddei ◽  
G Tanfani ◽  
M Nordio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryComputed tomography studies concerning pineal calcification (PC) in schizophrenia have been conducted mainly by one author who correlated this calcification with several aspects of the illness. On the basis of these findings the aim of the present study was to analyze size and incidence of pineal gland calcification by CT in schizophrenics and healthy controls, and to verify the relationship between pineal calcification and age, and the possible correlation with psychopathologic variables. Pineal calcification was measured on CT scans of 87 schizophrenics and 46 controls divided into seven age subgroups of five years each. No significant differences in PC incidence and mean size between patients and controls were observed as far as the entire group was considered. PC size correlated with age both in schizophrenics and controls. We found a higher incidence of PC in schizophrenics in the age subgroup of 21–25 years, and a negative correlation with positive symptoms of schizophrenia in the overall group. These findings could suggest a premature calcific process in schizophrenics and a probable association with `non-paranoid' aspects of the illness. Nevertheless the potential role of this process possibly related to some aspects of the altered neurodevelopment in schizophrenia is still unclear.

CT scan evaluation of the distance between maxillary sinus floor and maxillary teeth apices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Daniel Lupoi ◽  
Mihai Dragomir ◽  
Gabriela Coada ◽  
Alexandra Sanda ◽  
Vlad Budu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽  
Sinus Floor ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBACKGROUND. The relationship between the maxillary sinus floor and the roots of the teeth in the upper arch is essential, especially in the correct diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. The aim of this study was to determine exactly this distance and to observe the most common teeth situated closely to the maxillary sinus.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study was performed in 2020, in the ENT Department of “Sfanta Maria” Hospital, and was made based on computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses from the clinic’s archive. The image analysis was performed with a radiologic software. For each tooth, from both right and left upper hemiarcade, the distance between the dental root and the bony floor of the maxillary sinus was measured and the average distances were compared.RESULTS. Among the present teeth analysed, those with the closest distance were the 1st M (95.15% on the right side and 96.23% on the left side), then the second molars (96.08% on the right side and 90% on the left side). The 2nd and 3rd PM had a similar percentage of the sinusal approach, which varied between 82% and 86%.CONCLUSION. Knowing these dento-sinusal relationships, there is a win-win situation for both the ENT doctor and the dentist. The paraclinical examination necessary for the analysis of the dento-alveolo-sinusal relation and of the afferent pathology is the imaging one, of choice being the CT and CBCT scans.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Trochlear Dysplasia Severity Using Trochlear Angle: A Retrospective Study Based on Computed Tomography (CT) Scans

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 5118-5122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyue Dong ◽  
Yingzhen Niu ◽  
Guman Duan ◽  
Yifan Song ◽  
Jianchao Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Ct Scans

Radiological Correlation between Pneumatization of Frontal Sinus and Height of Fovea Ethmoidalis

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesur Gumus ◽  
Altan Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
The Relationship

Background We need more data about the variations of skull base to minimize the complications of ethmoidectomy. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the pneumatization of the frontal sinus and height of the fovea ethmoidalis. Methods Paranasal coronal computed tomography (CT) scans of 487 sides of 300 patients were evaluated. The presence of the frontal cell and pneumatization of the frontal sinus were studied with respect to the height of the fovea ethmoidalis. Results We found a statistically significant correlation between the frontal cell and frontal sinus hyperpneumatization (p = 0.000). We determined that there was a deeper fovea ethmoidalis in the sides that have a frontal cell (p ≤ 0.001) and in the sides that have hyperpneumatization of the frontal sinus (p = 0.000). We also observed flatter fovea ethmoidalis in the sides that have hypopneumatization of the frontal sinus (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion The presence of a frontal cell or hyperpneumatization of the frontal sinus on CT scan should alert the clinician that there may be a deep fovea ethmoidalis.

scholarly journals Simple Linear Calculating Method of Glenoid Bone Defects Using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Based on an East Asian Population in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712091427
Author(s):  
Xing-zuo Chen ◽  
Tong-xi Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Lei Du ◽  
Wei-fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
East Asian Population ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The evaluation of glenoid bone defects in the preoperative stage for patients with anterior shoulder instability is critical for surgical decision making. A novel method that predicts the intact glenoid width based purely on the measurement of the glenoid height has been advocated. Despite the convenience, all studies to date have focused on the Western population, and there is no similar research based on an East Asian population. Purpose: To determine the relationship between glenoid height and width in an East Asian population. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Spiral computed tomography (CT) scans of both sides of the shoulder joints were obtained from 205 patients of Han nationality (China) who had no history of shoulder trauma or pain. The maximal height and width of each glenoid were measured on the en face view by 2 radiologists who were blinded to each other’s results. Pearson correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression were calculated from all data measured to evaluate the relationship between maximal glenoid height and width between the sexes. Results: A total of 205 patients (410 shoulder CT scans) were analyzed. The mean glenoid height was 34.45 ± 2.82 mm, and the mean glenoid width was 23.35 ± 2.40 mm. There was a statistical difference between male and female patients with regard to glenoid height (36.61 vs 32.39 mm, respectively; t = 9.76; P < .001) and width (25.26 vs 21.54 mm, respectively; t = 20.73; P < .001). Analysis of the measured glenoid height and width demonstrated a strong linear correlation of 0.82 ( R 2 = 0.68; P < .001) for the entire cohort and similarly strong linear correlations when each sex was analyzed separately. For male patients, the glenoid width was measured as: glenoid height × 0.50 + 7 mm ( R 2 = 0.36; P < .001); for female patients, the glenoid width was measured as: glenoid height × 0.45 + 7 mm ( R 2 = 0.31; P < .001). Conclusion: In an East Asian population, the mean glenoid height and width were 34.45 and 23.35 mm, respectively. The formulas that represent the relationship between glenoid width and height for male and female patients are the following: glenoid width = glenoid height × 0.50 + 7 mm and glenoid width = glenoid height × 0.45 + 7 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Relationship Between C2 Semispinalis Cervicis Preservation and C2 Spinous Process Morphology During Cervical Laminoplasty Involving C3

2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822110624
Author(s):  
Sang Yun Seok ◽  
Dong-Ho Lee ◽  
Hyung Rae Lee ◽  
Sehan Park ◽  
Jae Hwan Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cervical Laminoplasty ◽  
The Relationship

Study Design Retrospective study Objectives Due to anatomical variations in the semispinalis cervicis insertion in the C2 spinous process, complete preservation is not always possible when the C3 level is included in a cervical laminoplasty. Three-dimensional computed tomography was used to evaluate the relationship between the incidence of semispinalis cervicis injury and the C2 inter-spinous angle. Methods We included 95 patients who underwent a cervical laminoplasty that included a C3 laminectomy for cervical myelopathy. Patients with a C2 inter-spinous angle above and below 60° were classified into wide- and narrow-angled groups, respectively (n = 48 and n = 47). Whether the C2 semispinalis cervicis insertion was preserved, or detached and reattached was reviewed from surgical records. The pre and postoperative C2-C7 lordosis and range of motion (ROM) were measured, and clinical outcomes were obtained from the patient charts. Results The C2 semispinalis cervicis was preserved in 47 patients (97.9%) in the wide-angled group but only in 14 patients (29.8%) in the narrow-angled group ( P < .001). The postoperative C2-C7 lordosis extension and ROM were significantly greater in the wide-angled ( P = .048 and .036). Postoperative neck pain was significantly greater in the narrow-angled ( P = .018). Conclusions The morphology of the C2 spinous process indicates that a C2 semispinalis cervicis insertion preservation is possible during a cervical laminoplasty that includes a C3 laminectomy. A careful surgical procedure should be conducted when the C2 inter-spinous angle is above 60° to increase the likelihood of achieving this preservation and thereby obtaining a more favorable clinical outcomes.

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