Clinical indications for the use of computed tomography in children who underwent frequent computed tomography: a near-13-year follow-up retrospective study at a single institution in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-414
Author(s):  
Takayasu Yoshitake ◽  
Koji Ono ◽  
Tsuneo Ishiguchi ◽  
Toru Maeda ◽  
Michiaki Kai
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Clinical Indications

scholarly journals Computed Tomography and Bronchoscopy in Endobronchial Tuberculosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Yanardag ◽  
Cüneyt Tetikkurt ◽  
Seza Tetikkurt ◽  
Sabriye Demirci ◽  
Tuncer Karayel
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Endobronchial Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Range

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic response to endobronchial tuberculosis is usually evaluated by bronchoscopy. Currently, there are no published studies investigating the use of computed tomography for the evaluation of therapeutic response in endobronchial tuberculosis.OBJECTIVE: A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the bronchoscopic and computed tomographic features of endobronchial tuberculosis before and after treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of computed tomography for the assessment of treatment.METHODS: The clinical, pathological and bronchoscopic features of endobronchial tuberculosis were evaluated in 55 patients. The age range of the patients was 21 to 52 years. Computed tomography and bronchoscopy were performed before and after treatment.RESULTS: Diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by culture and histopathological examination. Bronchoscopic examination revealed 89 endobronchial lesions of various types in 55 patients. The exudative type was the most common. Follow-up bronchoscopy revealed that exudative-, ulcerative- and granular-type lesions healed completely. Computed tomography performed after treatment correlated well with the follow-up bronchoscopic findings.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that follow-up computed tomography is useful for the evaluation of therapeutic response and complications associated with endobronchial tuberculosis, and may replace bronchoscopy.

scholarly journals IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: clinical indications and controversies in diagnosis and follow-up

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. R115-R130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Salvatori ◽  
Bernadette Biondi ◽  
Vittoria Rufini
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Clinical Indications ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

In recent years, 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has emerged as an important tool for the postoperative management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and it is widely used in selected clinical situations. The most valuable role that FDG-PET/CT plays in clinical practice is that it can be used to obtain prognostic information in patients with increasing thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and negative 131I whole-body scan post-thyroidectomy and radioiodine (RAI) ablation. FDG-PET/CT may also have a potential role in the initial staging and follow-up of high-risk patients with aggressive histological subtypes, in the identification of patients who are at the highest risk of disease-specific mortality, in the management of patients with RAI-refractory disease, in clinical trials of novel targeted therapies in patients with advanced metastatic disease, and in the evaluation of thyroid nodules with indeterminate fine-needle aspiration for cytology. However, several controversies remain to be resolved, namely: the cutoff value of Tg in the selection of DTC patients for FDG-PET/CT, whether FDG-PET/CT scanning should be performed under thyrotropin stimulation or suppression, and the clinical significance of thyroid FDG-PET/CT incidentalomas. The aim of the present article is to provide an overview of the data about the molecular basis for, clinical indications of, and controversies related to the use of FDG-PET/CT in patients with DTC.

Recurrence patterns among T1-2N0 triple-negative breast cancer patients following mastectomy.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
Rebekah Young ◽  
Kimberly Gergelis ◽  
Shalom Kalnicki ◽  
Jana Lauren Fox
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

93 Background: Women with early-stage TN breast cancers are at increased risk for recurrence (RR) compared to other molecular subtypes, and are often treated with mastectomy without local adjuvant therapy. We wish to evaluate the RR for these women. Methods: In this single institution retrospective study, women with T1-2N0 TN breast cancer who underwent mastectomy between 2008-12 were identified from tumor registry. Adjuvant chemotherapy was allowed, but adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) was excluded. Of 3,000 cases reviewed, 52 women were identified. Median age was 58.5 (30–90). Lesions were high-grade (83%), and T1-2 (47%, 53%). 21 women (42%) had at least 1 risk factor. 5 women were BRCA+. Women underwent total mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy, and the majority (84%) had adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: At a median follow-up of 3.5 years (6-71 months), there were 8 recurrences (15.4%). 3 (5.8% of cohort) were locoregional (LR) only (2 chest wall (CW) and 1 ipsilateral axilla), 6 (11.5%) involved a concurrent LR and distant recurrence, and 2 (3.8%) were distant only. Median time to recurrence was 17.3 months. The isolated LR recurrences (LRR) were at 14, 15.6 and 15.1 months. Most women (41, 78.8%) were alive with NED. 3 were alive with disease, underdoing treatment, and 1 woman was disease free after treatment for CW recurrence. 8 patients (15.4%) are deceased, half from their cancer. On univariate analysis, there was no significant correlation (p>0.05) between age or high-risk features and RR (STATA v 11). Conclusions: T1-2N0 breast cancer patients are believed to have a low RR following mastectomy. TN disease, however, is more aggressive, and the question of irradiating early stage disease after mastectomy has arisen. A single institution, retrospective study found women with T1-2N0 TN disease fare better with BCT that includes RT, compared to mastectomy alone. Other studies have shown no statistical difference in RR between these 2 groups. We found an isolated LRR rate at 3.5 years of 5.8%. Follow-up and ultimately prospective data is needed to determine whether the isolated LRR warrants a change in treatment recommendations for this pt subset.

scholarly journals Retrospective study about the postoperative stability of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoghwan Yang ◽  
Jin-yong Cho ◽  
Woo-chul Shim ◽  
Sungbeom Kim
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Complex Fracture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the postoperative stability of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures according to the number of fixation sites and to investigate the direction of postoperative displacement of the unfixed part of the fractured segment. Methods This study was retrospectively performed on 38 patients who were treated by open reduction and internal fixation of ZMC fractures and were taken postoperative computed tomography (CT) between February 2012 and July 2019. The patients were classified into 3 groups: 1-point fixation, 2-point fixation, 3-point fixation according to the number of fixations. The postoperative displacement of the fractured segment was evaluated by the superimposition between postoperative CT and follow-up CT, and the postoperative stability according to the fixation sites was investigated through the amount of postoperative displacement. In addition, it was investigated in which direction the location of the fractured segment was changed in the unfixed fractured segment according to the fixation sites. Results The amount of postoperative displacement of the fractured segment was 0.75 ± 1.18 mm on average. In the postoperative displacement of the distal area according to the number of fixation of the fracture, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of displacement of the fracture (p = 0.574). As for the direction of the change in the location of the fractured segment, 12 patients among 38 patients with the change in the location of the fractured segment were investigated, and the displacement in the medial direction (n = 11, 91.67%) was the most common in all three fixation methods. Conclusion In patients with a ZMC fracture who were treated by open reduction and internal fixation, the number of fixations did not make the difference in the postoperative displacement of the fracture. In addition, the fractured segment mainly changes in the medial direction after surgery, and this fact can be used as a reference for the reduction direction during surgery for the stable prognosis.

Retrospective Computed Tomography Mapping of Intrapleural Air May Demonstrate Optimal Window for Ultrasound Diagnosis of Pneumothorax

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Kiley ◽  
Patrick Tighe ◽  
Omar Hajibrahim ◽  
Lori Deitte ◽  
Nikolaus Gravenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Interrogation Window ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Sternal Border ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Optimal Window

Introduction: When a pneumothorax exists, free air should rise to the most nondependent region within the chest. Current ultrasound (US) examination methodologies may exclude visualization of these areas that may limit the sensitivity of the examination. This retrospective study uses computed tomography (CT) scans to precisely evaluate where free air within the thorax occurs and correlates this location with a presumably optimal US interrogation window. Methods: A total of 94 CT scans of patients with a pneumothorax in a single institution from December 2006 to January 2010 were examined. The borders and volumes of each pneumothorax were precisely measured by a radiologist. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between volume and location of intrapleural air at specified areas of the hemithorax. Sensitivities relating location of intrapleural air at a specific landmark and side of thorax were calculated. Results: All but 3 of the pneumothoraces extended to the sternum. In all, 83 patients demonstrated a pneumothorax between rib interspaces 3 and 6 (mean pneumothorax volume 300.4 mL, 95% confidence interval [CI] 217.4-383.3), and 11 patients did not (mean pneumothorax volume 4.5 mL, 95% CI 1.7-7.3; P < .0001). The cumulative sensitivity for the presence of intrapleural air at rib interspaces 3 to 6 along the sternal border was 88%. This was consistent regardless of the side of hemithorax (right 91% and left 86%). Conclusion: The CT scans demonstrate that intrapleural air most often collects along the mediastinum between ribs 3 and 6 on either side of the chest. Although no USs were performed in this retrospective study, one may infer that a parasternal approach along rib interspaces 3 to 6 is an easy and sensitive window to diagnose pneumothorax with US.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Transtemporal CSF Leakage: A Study of 51 Cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Leonetti ◽  
Sam Marzo ◽  
Douglas Anderson ◽  
Thomas Origitano ◽  
Daniel D. Vukas
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Middle Fossa ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Csf Leakage ◽  
Subtotal Petrosectomy

We conducted a retrospective study of 51 cases of spontaneous transtemporal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in 48 adults who had presented to our tertiary care academic referral center between July 1, 1988, and June 30, 2002. All patients had undergone high-resolution temporal bone computed tomography, and 26 patients had undergone magnetic resonance imaging. All patients were treated with a middle fossa craniotomy to repair the CSF fistulae. During a mean follow-up of 4.9 years, 46 of the 48 patients (95.8%) had experienced a complete cessation of CSF leakage (49 of 51 cases [96.1%]). The 2 patients whose leakage recurred were successfully managed with a subtotal petrosectomy with occlusion of the eustachian tube and obliteration of the middle ear and mastoid. No patient developed meningitis.

scholarly journals A single institution experience with skin sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Doddi ◽  
T Singhal ◽  
A Kasem ◽  
A Desai
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Immediate Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Immediate Reconstruction ◽  
Good Cosmetic Outcome ◽  
Skin Envelope ◽  
Good Cosmetic

INTRODUCTION Skin sparing mastectomies (SSMs) represent a surgical approach that preserves the natural skin envelope of the breast and, when combined with immediate reconstruction, offers a good cosmetic outcome. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the risk of local recurrence (LR) in this series with the known rate of recurrence following a conventional mastectomy. METHODS A total of 108 patients with breast cancer who underwent an SSM and immediate breast reconstruction over a 6-year period were reviewed. RESULTS A follow-up of more than eight years showed that three patients (2.78%) had developed LR. CONCLUSIONS The rate of LR is low with SSMs and is comparable to that seen with conventional mastectomies.

scholarly journals Computed tomography-based assessment of radiographic progression in spine and sacroiliac joints after pregnancy in women with ankylosing spondylitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Ann Lee ◽  
So Yun Lee ◽  
Se Hee Kim ◽  
Hyun-Sook Kim ◽  
Hae-Rim Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Sacroiliac Joints ◽  
Whole Spine ◽  
Time Point

Abstract We aimed to investigate whether pregnancy affects radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) based on computed tomography (CT) evaluations. This retrospective study included women with AS aged 19–49 years who underwent at least two CT evaluations of the whole spine or sacroiliac joints (SIJs) at intervals of 2–4 years. The delivery group was restricted to women who had the first CT ~ 2 years before delivery and the second CT ~ 2 years after delivery. The CT Syndesmophyte Score (CTSS) (0-522) and SIJ scores (0–40) were used to radiographic progression. A total of 21 women in the delivery group and 38 women in the controls were included. The median (Q1-Q3) CTSS at baseline in the delivery group and controls was 19 (16–23) and 20 (13.25–27.75), and the median progression was 1 (0–3) and 0 (0–1) during the median 2.9-year follow-up, respectively. The median SIJ score at baseline in the delivery group and controls was 13 (8–22) and 11 (6–22), and the median progression was 1.5 (0–3) and 1 (0–2), respectively. The CTSS and SIJ scores significantly increased in both groups; however, no difference in absolute score changes per time-point was observed. Pregnancy do not affect the radiographic progression in AS.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Study of Dental Changes after Facial Contouring Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Chul Park
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Type Of Surgery

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to confirm whether long-term dental changes after people were aged beyond their 20s would be affected by undergoing facial contouring surgery, such as angle and zygoma reduction. Additionally, we intended to verify whether these changes would be significantly different depending on the type of contouring surgery.Methods: We included 77 subjects who underwent contouring surgery from December 13, 2011, to December 3, 2018. Of these subjects, 73 were female, and 5 were male. We followed up with these patients from 11 to 82 months after surgery. The average follow-up period was 33.6 months. The age at surgery was 18 to 48 years old. The average age was 29.5 years old. To assess dental changes, we measured variables such as the extrusion of a maxillary anterior and posterior tooth, angle from point A to nasion to point B (ANB°) change, and overjet/overbite change between pre- and postoperative periods using computed tomography.Results: There was a positive linear correlation between the extrusion of the maxillary teeth and the follow-up period. The correlation coefficients of incisors and molars were 0.454 and 0.461, respectively (p = 0.000 for incisors and 0.000 for molars). With age, there was also a negative correlation in extrusion. The correlation coefficient was -0.442 for incisors and -0.394 for molars (p = 0.000 for incisors and 0.000 for molars). We also confirmed significant differences in incisor extrusion and ANB° change depending on the type of surgery (p = 0.018 for incisor extrusion and 0.003 for ANB°).Conclusion: We observed dental changes in subjects who underwent facial contouring surgery, and these changes were affected by the type of operation.

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