scholarly journals Question Order Effects in Cross-Cultural Web Probing: Pretesting Behavior and Attitude Questions

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932199277
Author(s):  
Patricia Hadler
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Web Surveys ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Question Order ◽  
Cognitive Pretesting ◽  
Order Of Presentation ◽  
Probing Questions

Cognitive pretesting is an essential method of piloting questionnaires and ensuring quality of survey data. Web probing has emerged as an innovative method of cognitive pretesting, especially for cross-cultural and web surveys. The order of presenting questions in cognitive pretesting can differ from the order of presentation in the later survey. Yet empirical evidence is missing whether the order of presenting survey questions influences the answers to open-ended probing questions. The present study examines the effect of question order on web probing in the United States and Germany. Results indicate that probe responses are not strongly impacted by question order. However, both content and consistency of probe responses may differ cross-culturally. Implications for cognitive pretesting are discussed.

scholarly journals Anxiety- and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients With Breast Cancer: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of China and the United States

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jin You ◽  
Qian Lu ◽  
Michael J. Zvolensky ◽  
Zhiqiang Meng ◽  
Kay Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Chinese Patients

Purpose Literature has documented the prevalence of anxiety and its adverse effect on quality of life among patients with breast cancer from Western countries, yet cross-cultural examinations with non-Western patients are rare. This cross-cultural study investigated differences in anxiety and its association with quality of life between US and Chinese patients with breast cancer. Methods Patients with breast cancer from the United States and China completed measures for anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast). Results After controlling for demographic and medical characteristics, Chinese patients reported higher levels of trait and state anxiety than US patients. Although there was an association between anxiety and quality of life in both groups of patients, the association between state anxiety and quality of life was stronger among Chinese patients than among US patients, with the association between trait anxiety and quality of life the same between the two cultural samples. Conclusion These findings suggest that anxiety and its association with quality of life among patients with breast cancer varies depending on cultural context, which reveals greater anxiety and poorer quality of life among Chinese patients compared with US patients. This suggests greater unmet psychosocial needs among Chinese patients and highlights the need to build comprehensive cancer care systems for a better quality of life in Chinese populations.

scholarly journals Factors underlying cross-cultural differences in stigma toward autism among college students in Lebanon and the United States

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1993-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Gillespie-Lynch ◽  
Nidal Daou ◽  
Maria-Jose Sanchez-Ruiz ◽  
Steven K Kapp ◽  
Rita Obeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Knowledge Quality ◽  
Autistic People

Although stigma negatively impacts autistic people globally, the degree of stigma varies across cultures. Prior research suggests that stigma may be higher in cultures with more collectivistic orientations. This study aimed to identify cultural values and other individual differences that contribute to cross-cultural differences in autism stigma (assessed with a social distance scale) between college students in Lebanon ( n = 556) and those in the United States ( n = 520). Replicating prior work, stigma was lower in women than men and in the United States relative to Lebanon. Heightened autism knowledge, quality of contact with autistic people, openness to experience, and reduced acceptance of inequality predicted lower stigma. Collectivism was not associated with heightened stigma. Findings highlight the need to address structural inequalities, combat harmful misconceptions, and foster positive contact to combat stigma.

scholarly journals Translation as an Ecological Tool for Instrument Development

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Vinokurov ◽  
Daniel Geller ◽  
Tamara L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Instrument Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
American Society ◽  
Theoretical Issues

In this paper the authors outline the translation process involved in Macro International's evaluation of the Department of State's International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Georgia. IVLP is a long-running program in which professionals and prospective leaders from around the world participate in funded short-term visits to the United States to learn first-hand professional practices and values of American society and democracy. The authors highlight the importance of attending to the theoretical issues in, discuss contextual factors inherent in, and outline specific phases of the translation process, and present the modified decentering translation technique adapted for the project. They describe the types of translation equivalencies that were addressed and present findings that attest to the quality of the translation. They underscore the importance of the translation process as a qualitative tool for the instrument development that maps the contexts of people's lives, documents emic-etic aspects of cross-cultural research, and fosters collaborations with all stakeholders of the research project.

scholarly journals An Innovative Method of Estimation Hewing for Invention Report Mining and Estimation Summarization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
S. Ravichandran ◽  
J. Sathiamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Opinion Mining ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Web Surveys ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Online Business ◽  
The Web

With the assistance of Web 2.0, the bases on client interest, posting on the web surveys has become an undeniably mainstream path for individuals to impart their perspectives to different client’s suppositions and conclusions toward items and administrations. It turns into a typical practice for online business sites to give the offices to individuals to convey and distribute their audits between them. These online audits present an abundance of data on the Services and Products, which will encourage the improvement of their business. Consequently a developing number of late examinations have been centred on the Opinion Mining. For example the Opinion Mining alludes to computational method for assessing the sentiments that are mined from different Web Sources. A couple of Opinion Mining based techniques have been considered and broke down. From our investigation, it is seen that a couple of feeling mining based directed and unaided techniques had not delivered great outcomes because of alluding less number of sentiments inside a similar URL’S and treating the highlights with comparable significance as various. To beat this issue, Topic Anatomy Model TSCAN was proposed, where the Task is called as Topic Anatomy and which sums up and relates the primary pieces of a point with the goal that the per users could comprehend the substance without any problem. By utilizing this model, the more data can be removed and related through their transient closeness, which will give conceivable substance. This model is including imperative part in the Opinion Mining since clients can impart their insights about the items. From our usage, it is seen that this plan gives the best reasonable answer for the client’s advantages and requests. Notwithstanding, it burns-through more opportunity to anticipate the best performing items because of huge informational collections respectively. Consequently our exploration work is proposed and actualized a productive strategy for Opinion Mining called an Efficient Parallel Opinion Mining (EPOM) constructed TSCAN Algorithm separately. It is centring more sites and it is removing more data in equal way, so we can get advanced productive outcome with least execution time. From our outcomes, it is noticed that it gives the best reasonable answer for the client’s advantages and requests and it I s improving the presentation of existing method regarding Quality of Information, Prediction and Execution Time.

Question Order Effects on Subjective Measures of Quality of Life1

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fern K. Willits ◽  
John Saltiel
Keyword(s):  
Order Effects ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Question Order

CROSS-CULTURAL QUALITY OF LIFE: JAPANESE AND AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Keith ◽  
Makoto Yamamoto ◽  
Noriko Okita ◽  
Robert L. Schalock
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
American Students ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Type Of School

The Quality of Student Life Questionnaire (QSLQ) was used to collect data on 946 students in eight colleges and universities in Japan and the United States. A series of 2 × 2 × 2 analyses of variance on total scores and four factors (Sa tisfaction, Competence/Productivity, Independence, and Social Belonging) were completed, comparing scores by gender, type of school (four-year vs. two-year) and nationality.For total quality of life scores, main effects were found for country (American scores were higher) and type of school (scores were higher for four-year colleges). Analysis of factor scores showed main effects for country (higher scores for American students) on all factors except Independence. These results are discussed in the context of differing cultural values and assumptions. Japanese and American views vary considerably, for example, on such issues as individuality, the role of groups, and perception of self. These differences must be considered in interpretation of cross-cultural findings.

The Attitudes Toward Rape Victims Scale: Construction, Validation, and Cross-Cultural Applicability

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Ward
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Scale Construction ◽  
Victim Blame ◽  
Rape Victims ◽  
Psychometric Analyses

The paper describes the construction of a 25-item Attitudes toward Rape Victims Scale (ARVS) designed to assess favorable and unfavorable attitudes with particular emphasis on victim blame, credibility, deservingness, denigration, and trivialization. Normative data are presented as well as the results of various psychometric analyses based on four independent studies and a variety of samples including university students, doctors, lawyers, social workers, psychologists, and police in Singapore, and university students in the United States. These analyses confirm the ARVS's reliability, validity and cross-cultural suitability. As attitudes toward rape victims have been implicated in the quality of victim care in legal, medical, and social spheres, it is proposed that the ARVS provides a valuable tool for applied research in victimology.

scholarly journals Translation Quality Assessment in Health Research: A Functionalist Alternative to Back-Translation

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Colina ◽  
Nicole Marrone ◽  
Maia Ingram ◽  
Daisey Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Back Translation

As international research studies become more commonplace, the importance of developing multilingual research instruments continues to increase and with it that of translated materials. It is therefore not unexpected that assessing the quality of translated materials (e.g., research instruments, questionnaires, etc.) has become essential to cross-cultural research, given that the reliability and validity of the research findings crucially depend on the translated instruments. In some fields (e.g., public health and medicine), the quality of translated instruments can also impact the effectiveness and success of interventions and public campaigns. Back-translation (BT) is a commonly used quality assessment tool in cross-cultural research. This quality assurance technique consists of (a) translation (target text [TT1]) of the source text (ST), (b) translation (TT2) of TT1 back into the source language, and (c) comparison of TT2 with ST to make sure there are no discrepancies. The accuracy of the BT with respect to the source is supposed to reflect equivalence/accuracy of the TT. This article shows how the use of BT as a translation quality assessment method can have a detrimental effect on a research study and proposes alternatives to BT. One alternative is illustrated on the basis of the translation and quality assessment methods used in a research study on hearing loss carried out in a border community in the southwest of the United States.

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