The Signaling Power of Unexcused Absence from School

2021 ◽  
pp. 089590482110494
Author(s):  
Jaymes Pyne ◽  
Eric Grodsky ◽  
Elizabeth Vaade ◽  
Bo McCready ◽  
Eric Camburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
School Accountability ◽  
School Factors ◽  
National School ◽  
Unexcused Absences ◽  
Excessive Absences ◽  
Do So ◽  
Out Of School

State and national school accountability policies situate preventing chronic absenteeism on par with meeting state standardized test benchmarks. We question relying on school attendance as both a component of accountability policies and a means of enhancing equity in schools. Our research suggests out-of-school factors unrelated to missed instruction account for most of the associations between absences and test score achievement—with unexcused absences driving those associations. Excessive absences—and particularly unexcused absences—don’t harm students mainly through missed instruction. Instead, they reflect out-of-school harms students endure that have produced inequalities for years—and will continue to do so even if students show up or parents call in.

Excused Versus Unexcused: How Student Absences in Elementary School Affect Academic Achievement

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gottfried
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Academic Risk ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Unexcused Absences ◽  
Reading And Math

The literature on school absences has focused predominantly on the reasons for student truancy, or it has assessed only aggregate student absences in their effect on achievement. However, this study brings forth a new issue: the relationship between types of absences—excused versus unexcused—and school performance. With a quantitative model of educational achievement on a longitudinal multilevel data set of all second-through fourth-grade students in the Philadelphia School District from 1994 to 2000, this study disaggregated absence information to provide new insight on the attendance–achievement relationship. Specifically, a model using fixed effects with classroom-level clustering was employed to determine how the distinction among varying proportions of excused versus unexcused absences related to students’ standardized test performance in reading and math. This article demonstrates that distinguishing between students with high rates of excused or unexcused absences is significant. Having a higher proportion of excused absences to total absences exhibits a positive relationship between reading and math test scores. Conversely, students with a higher proportion of unexcused absences places them at academic risk, particularly in math achievement and as early as in elementary school. Implications for policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Factors related to street food consumer preferences of Gadjah Mada University students

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Winda Irwanti ◽  
Yhona Paratmanitya
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><em><strong>Background</strong>: Breakfast plays an important role in ensuring the good health and wellbeing of an individual, especially children. Evidence suggests that breakfast consumption may improve cognitive function related to memory, exam test score and the level of school attendance.</em></p><p><em><strong>Objectives</strong>: To determine the breakfast habits and its risk factors in elementary school children in Bantul.</em></p><p><em><strong>Methods</strong>: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four elementary schools in the District Sedayu, Bantul with 126 children as subjects. Breakfast habits investigated by interviews to the children.</em></p><p><em><strong>Results</strong>: This study showed that there were 33% of children had no breakfast daily, or had skipped breakfast at least once in a week. The major reasons of children skipping breakfast were not having enough time (38.1%), not hungry (30.9%) and no food available in the morning at home (16.7%). A total of 15.9% mothers and 23% fathers were not breakfast daily according to their children. Breakfast habits of children significantly associated with the children’s perception towards parent’s breakfast habits.</em></p><p><em><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Breakfast habits of children significantly associated with the children’s perception towards parent’s breakfast habits.</em></p><p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong><em>: breakfast habit, children perception, parent’s breakfast habit</em></p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><em><strong>Latar belakang</strong>: Sarapan memiliki peran dalam menjaga kesehatan dan kebahagiaan seseorang, termasuk anak. Penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa sarapan mampu meningkatkan fungsi kognitif yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan mengingat, nilai ujian, dan tingkat kehadiran di sekolah.</em></p><p><em><strong>Tujuan</strong>: Untuk mengetahui kebiasaan sarapan anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Bantul, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.</em></p><p><em><strong>Metode</strong>: Studi cross-sectional ini dilaksanakan di 4 sekolah dasar di Wilayah Kecamatan Sedayu, Kabupaten Bantul, dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 126 anak. Kebiasaan sarapan diketahui dari wawancara dengan anak.</em></p><p><em><strong>Hasil</strong>: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 33% anak sarapan tidak setiap hari, atau dalam seminggu paling tidak 1x melewatkan sarapan. Alasan utama anak melewatkan sarapan adalah tidak punya cukup waktu (38,1%), tidak lapar (30,9%), dan tidak tersedianya sarapan di rumah pada pagi hari (16,7%). Sebanyak 15,9% ibu, dan 23% ayah juga sarapan tidak setiap hari menurut persepsi anak. Kebiasaan sarapan anak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan persepsi anak terhadap kebiasaan sarapan orang tuanya.</em></p><p><em><strong>Kesimpulan</strong>: Kebiasaan sarapan anak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan persepsi anak terhadap kebiasaan sarapan orang tuanya.</em></p><p><strong>KATA KUNCI</strong><em>: kebiasaan sarapan, persepsi anak, kebiasaan sarapan orang tua</em></p>

scholarly journals Teaching to the Student: Charter School Effectiveness in Spite of Perverse Incentives

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Cohodes
Keyword(s):  
Charter Schools ◽  
Charter School ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Item Type ◽  
Test Preparation ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Type I ◽  
The Impact

Recent work has shown that Boston charter schools raise standardized test scores more than their traditional school counterparts. Critics of charter schools argue that charter schools create those achievement gains by focusing exclusively on test preparation, at the expense of deeper learning. In this paper, I test that critique by estimating the impact of charter school attendance on subscales of the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System and examining them for evidence of score inflation. If charter schools are teaching to the test to a greater extent than their counterparts, one would expect to see higher scores on commonly tested standards, higher-stakes subjects, and frequently tested topics. Despite incentives to reallocate effort away from less frequently tested content to highly tested content, and to coach to item type, I find no evidence of this type of test preparation. Boston charter middle schools perform consistently across all standardized test subscales.

scholarly journals The Roma/Non-Roma Test Score Gap in Hungary

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kertesi ◽  
Gábor Kézdi
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
White Students ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Test Score Gap ◽  
The Us ◽  
8Th Graders ◽  
And Mathematics

This paper documents and decomposes the test score gap between Roma and non-Roma 8th graders in Hungary in 2006. Our data connect national standardized test scores to an individual panel survey with detailed data on ethnicity and family background. The test score gap is approximately one standard deviation for both reading and mathematics, which is similar to the gap between African-American and White students of the same age group in the US in the 1980s. After accounting for on health, parenting, school fixed effects and family background, the gap disappears in reading and drops to 0.15 standard deviation in mathematics.

ADHD Symptomatology and Criminal Behavior During Adolescence: Exploring the Mediating Role of School Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
School Factors ◽  
School Attachment ◽  
School Suspension ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology ◽  
Out Of School

Prior research has shown that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) relates to various negative outcomes in adolescence, including academic failure, behavioral problems at school, and criminal behavior. However, this line of research has generally failed to explore whether ADHD connects to criminal behavior through its effects on school factors. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), this study finds that a retrospective account of ADHD symptomatology during childhood and early adolescence predicts weakened school attachment, lower grades, and higher risks for both out-of-school suspension and crime. School attachment, grades, and out-of-school suspension have the expected effects on crime among females and males. Among females, these school factors mediate the effects of ADHD symptomatology on crime. The effect of ADHD symptomatology on crime among males remains significant when controlling for school factors. Implications of the findings for policy and theory are discussed.

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