Recovery of HIV Antigen in Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Correa-Rotter ◽  
Sergio Saldivar ◽  
Luis E. Soto ◽  
Samuel Ponce De Leon ◽  
Francisco Ojeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Hiv Antigen ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

We investigated the presence of HIV antigen in dialysis fluid of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), previously known to be infected with this virus. Sixteen adult patients and 6 adult volunteers were included in the study in 4 groups as follows: Group A: 3 patients on CAPD, previously known to be positive for serum HIV antibodies; Group B: 7 patients on CAPD, serum HIV negative; Group C: 6 AIDS patients without renal disease; and Group D: 6 healthy volunteers. Of the 3 patients of Group A, the HIV-1 Ag was positive in dialysis fluid in only 2. In 1, serum Ab and Ag were present, while in the others only serum Ab was detected. The samples from Group B were all negative for the viral antigen in dialysis fluid. We conclude that dialysis fluid of HIV-infected patients may contain the Ag and is therefore potentially infective. The presence of the HIV antigen was not constant, and was not related to antigenemia. It is possible that the presence of the Ag depends on local factors that influence viral replication or to alterations in the permeability of the peritoneal membrane. We discuss other possible factors that could influence the presence of viral Ag in peritoneal dialysis fluid.

scholarly journals Dyslipidemia in End Stage Renal Disease: A Study on Dialysis Patients in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Bangladesh

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Feroz ◽  
Shah Md Zakir Hossain ◽  
Rafi Nazrul Islam ◽  
Amir Mohammad Kaiser ◽  
Miliva Mozaffor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Medical University

Background: Dyslipidemia contributes to the high cardiovascular risk in end stage renal disease (ESRD) or in dialysis patients; however, it remains an underestimated problem. Objective: To see the extent of dyslipidemia in patients of end stage renal disease i.e. chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 who underwent hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis procedure. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2016 to March 2018 Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) on 55 CKD (stage 5) patients where 31 in hemodialysis (HD) (group A) and 24 in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) (group B). Serum lipid profile was estimated in both groups by using the standard laboratory technique. Results: Dialysis adequacy (Kt/V) was found 1.46 for HD patients (group A) and 1.81 for CAPD patients (group B).All serum lipids were higher in amount in CAPD patients than HD patients-total cholesterol (222.3±24.2 mg/dl vs. 198.9±28.4 mg/dl; p<0.05), triglycerides (179.6±24.7 mg/dl vs. 176.6±24.4 mg/dl; p<0.05), HDL cholesterol (40.8±3.90 mg/dl vs. 38.5±4.95 mg/dl; p>0.05) and LDL cholesterol (145.5±22.1 mg/dl vs. 123.2±26.5 mg/dl; p<0.05). Besides, dyslipidemia was more evident in CAPD patients than HD patients, as per raised serum total cholesterol (83.33% vs. 70.97%), raised triglycerides (95.83% vs. 83.87%), raised LDL (100% vs. 77.42%) and lowering of HDL cholesterol (87.5% vs. 80.65%) were found more in group B in comparison to group A. Conclusion: Dyslipidemic risk factors are highly evident in dialysis patients and the extent of dyslipidemia is observed more in CAPD than HD patients. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-3, October 2020, Page 113-117

scholarly journals A comparative study of red cell folate and serum folate levels in patients on regular Hemodialysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikram Din Ujjan ◽  
Muhammad Tayyib ◽  
Tahira Tasneem ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Mughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Group A ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Sixty subjects were selected and were divided into two groups. Group A included 30 patients of end stage renal disease on regular dialysis and group B included 30 normal healthy subjects as control. Absolute values and Hb were done by hematology auto analyzer and serum and red cell folate were done by commercially available kits. Results were analyzed by using Student`s `t` test and level of significance was done. A significant decreased in serum and red cell folate in end stage renal disease patients with regular dialysis as compared to control.

scholarly journals END STAGE RENAL DISEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 728-734
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hussain Baloch ◽  
Nadia Shams ◽  
Najia Mahmood ◽  
Warda Zahoor ◽  
Naresh Kumar Seetlani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Hematological Profile ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Objectives: To study hematological profile in geriatric cases undergoinghemodialysis and compare with non-geriatric. Study Design: Descriptive Cross SectionalStudy. Setting: Department of Nephrology & Medicine, Rawal Institute of Health SciencesIslamabad. Study Duration: 12 months (June 2016-June 2017). Material and Methods: Adultpatients (>18years) diagnosed as end stage renal disease (ESRD), undergoing maintenancehemodialysis for >3 months included after ethical approval and consent. Group A had 88geriatric ESRD cases (>65 years); group B had 88 non-geriatric (<65 years). Data analyzedby SPSS version 17. Hematological profile and other variables compared between two groupsby Chi-Square and t-test (significant p<0.05). Results: Among 166 ESRD cases (69% malesand 31% females), mean age was 54.9+10.6 years. Anemia present in 89% (group A) vs.74% (group B; p=0.012). Mean hemoglobin was 8.57+2.00 (group A) vs. 9.27+2.39 (groupB; p=0.035). Mean platelets count was lower among geriatrics; however leukocyte countscomparable between two groups. Mean eGFR was 7.95+2.68 (group A) vs. 9.16+4.04(group B; p=0.020). Diabetes and hypertension were frequent in geriatric group (p<0.05).No difference in hepatitis B, C and congestive cardiac failure observed. BMI was 26.74+5.87(group A) vs. 22.43+4.83 (group B; p<0.0001). Lack of social support observed in 25% (groupA) vs. 9% (group B). Conclusion: Anemia is frequent observation in ESRD hemodialysis cases.Geriatric ESRD hemodialysis cases have significantly low hemoglobin levels than non-geriatric.Hence, suggested that old age to be considered as an additional risk factor for anemia in ESRDhemodialysis cases. Geriatric ESRD hemodialysis cases should undergo frequent anemiascreening and timely intervention. Iron supplementation, dietary modification, erythropoietinadministration and blood transfusion as per indication needs to be individualized in geriatriccases to improve hematological parameters and quality of life.

β2-Microglobulin Elimination in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Renal Replacement Therapy

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 520-522
Author(s):  
Vladisav Stefanovic' ◽  
Svetislav Kostic' ◽  
Vidojko Djordjevic' ◽  
Marina Mitic' ◽  
Momcilo Bogicevic'
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Β2 Microglobulin ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Conventional Hemodialysis ◽  
Esrd Patients

β2-microglobulin (β2M) is a small molecular mass protein associated with dialysis amyloidosis. We have studied β2M elimination in end-stage renal disease (EsRD) patients treated by peritoneal dialysis. In 12 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 7 patients on intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) 30.4±4.2 mg/day and 21.3± 1.8 mg/12 hour of β2M, respectively, were removed by dialysis fluid. Approximately the same amount of β2M was removed by each of four 2-L exchanges in CAPD; however, the most efficient removal of β2M was in the first IPD exchange. Serum β2M levels in these patients were 25.7 ±4.4 and 31.4±5.2 mg/L, respectively. In 24 patients on hemodialysis using cuprophan membrane the serum level of β2M was 55.1±4.1 mg/L. After a 3-month dialysis on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane, the serum β2M level decreased to 45.0±2.3 mg/L. A substantial amount of β2M was removed by urine, 14.6.:1:2.3 mg/L, and saliva, 2.3±0.4 mg/L. This study has shown markedly increased β2M levels in patients on conventional hemodialysis treatment, predisposing to β2M-related amyloidosis. A significant amount of β2M was removed during both CAPD and IPD treatment.

scholarly journals High Normal Thyrotropin (TSH) is Associated with Higher Needed Dose of Erythropoietin in Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ali Abd Elsalam Rady ◽  
Mervat Abd Elhamid Elkhateeb ◽  
Maaly Mohamed Mabrouk ◽  
Noha Elsayed Esheba
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Normal Reference Range ◽  
Thyrotropin Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Recombinant human erythropoietin demonstrated an impressive ability to improve hematocrit, raising hematocrit of hemodialysis patients, eliminating the need for transfusions, and in patients with iron overload, decreased serum ferritin. Thyrotropin could affect hematopoiesis by binding to a functional thyrotropin receptor, which is found in both erythrocytes and some extrathyroidal tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of Thyrotropin level within normal reference range (in euthyroid state) on erythropoietin dose in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study was carried out at the hemodialysis units. It included 60 patients who had end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. The selected patients were classified into 2 groups: Group A: included 30 end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis with Thyrotropin level (0.4-<2.5 miu/L) and Group B: included 30 end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis with Thyrotropin level (2.5-4.2 miu/L). Results: the hemoglobin level and the hematocrit level showed a highly statistically significant difference between both groups. The needed Erythropiotin dosage was higher in group B than in group A with highly statistically significant difference. Weighted Erythropiotin dosage was calculated (weighted Erythropiotin=Erythropiotin dosage/weight) and the mean required dose was less than the required dose in group B and there was a highly statistically significant difference between the two groups. There was a significant negative correlation between the Thyrotropin level and hematocrit level and that leads us to conclude that the higher the Thyrotropin, the lower hematocrit will be and subsequently the higher Erythropiotin dose needed. Conclusions: There is a relationship between Thyrotropin level even within normal reference range (in euthyroid state) on erythropoietin dose in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis. In other words, the higher Thyrotropin level is, the more Erythropiotin dose needed. The required erythropoietin stimulating agent dose can be predicted by measuring Thyrotropin level.

Sustained complete renal remission is a predictor of reduced mortality, chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in lupus nephritis

Lupus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Pakchotanon ◽  
D D Gladman ◽  
J Su ◽  
M B Urowitz
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Renal Outcome ◽  
Renal Flare ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Objective The objective of this paper is to identify the relationship between patients with lupus nephritis (LN) who achieve sustained complete renal remission (CR) and renal outcome and survival. Methods From a longitudinal cohort study we identified patients with LN with CR. We compared the outcomes of patients who achieved sustained CR for at least five years (Group A) with those less than five years (Group B). The outcomes were death, SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI), renal flare, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 50 ml/min, and doubling of serum creatinine. Regression analyses were used to identify predictors of the outcomes. Results A total of 345 patients were identified, 132 patients in Group A and 213 patients in Group B. The duration of CR in Group A was 11.76 ± 7.34 years but only 1.24 ± 1.24 years in Group B ( p < 0.001). Death, increasing renal SDI, renal flare, renal transplantation, ESRD or eGFR < 50 ml/min, and doubling of serum creatinine in Group A were significantly lower than Group B. Multivariable analysis revealed that Group A patients were at a lower risk of death (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.07–0.61; p = 0.004), increasing renal SDI (HR = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.21–0.76; p = 0.01), developing ESRD or eGFR < 50 ml/min (HR = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.12–0.61; p = 0.001), and doubling of serum creatinine (HR = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14–0.61; p = 0.001) compared with Group B. Conclusion Sustained CR for at least five years is a predictor of better prognosis in patients with LN.

scholarly journals Risk Reduction for End-Stage Renal Disease by Dietary Guidance Using the Gustatory Threshold Test for Salty Taste

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2703
Author(s):  
Yuki Ota ◽  
Mineaki Kitamura ◽  
Kiyokazu Tsuji ◽  
Kenta Torigoe ◽  
Ayuko Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Salty Taste ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Educational hospitalization of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may slow the progression of renal dysfunction. However, the educational aspect that is more effective has not been identified to date. In this study, patients with CKD were evaluated for gustatory threshold for salty taste and received augmented salt reduction guidance under educational hospitalization at Nagasaki University Hospital from October 2016. In total, 277 eligible patients were enrolled and hospitalized from 2012 to 2019 (mean age of 69.2 years; men comprised 62.1%). We compared 141 patients (Group A) who were educated in the hospital after October 2016 and 136 patients (Group B) who received standard education in the hospital before October 2016. The changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (ΔeGFR) after hospitalization and dialysis induction rate within one year after hospitalization were evaluated. The ΔeGFR was significantly improved in Group A compared to Group B (A: 1.05 mL/min/1.73 m2/month, B: 0.55 mL/min/1.73 m2/month; p = 0.02). The dialysis induction rate was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (A: 8.5%, B: 15.5%; p = 0.001). These trends were also observed by multivariate analyses. In conclusion, educational hospitalization with enhanced salt reduction guidance may reduce the risk of end-stage renal disease.

Outcomes of infants <28 days old treated with peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2035-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Rheault ◽  
Jurat Rajpal ◽  
Blanche Chavers ◽  
Thomas E. Nevins
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals A Treatable Encephalopathy in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient - Cefepime- Induced Encephalopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 324-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Soong Khoo ◽  
Tze Yuan Tee ◽  
Hui Jan Tan ◽  
Raymond Azman Ali
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Dialysis Patient ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Patient ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

ABSTRACTWe report a patient with end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis, who developed encephalopathy after receiving a few doses of cefepime. He recovered clinically and electroencephalographically after having discontinued the culprit agent and undergone hemodialysis. This case highlights the importance of promptly recognizing this reversible encephalopathy, which can lead to the avoidance of unnecessary workup, reduce the length of hospital stay, and thereby improve the patients’ outcome.

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