scholarly journals Medicines Related Problems (MRPs) Originating in Primary Care Settings in Older Adults - A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110236
Author(s):  
Rosetta Chinyere Ude-Okeleke ◽  
Zoe Aslanpour ◽  
Soraya Dhillon ◽  
Nkiruka Umaru
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Preventative Interventions ◽  
Use Of Health Services

Background: As people age, they become increasingly vulnerable to the untoward effects of medicines due to changes in body systems. These may result in medicines related problems (MRPs) and consequent decline or deterioration in health. Aim: To identify MRPs, indicators of deterioration associated with these MRPs, and preventative interventions from the literature. Design and Setting: Systematic review of primary studies on MRPs originating in Primary Care in older people. Methods: Relevant studies published between 2001 and April 2018 were obtained from Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL, Embase, Psych Info, PASCAL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and Zetoc. Falls, delirium, pressure ulcer, hospitalization, use of health services and death were agreed indicators of deterioration. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Down and Black tool. Results: There were 1858 articles retrieved from the data bases. Out of these, 21 full text articles met inclusion criteria for the review. MRPs identified were medication error, potentially inappropriate medicines, adverse drug reaction and non-adherence. These were associated with indicators of deterioration. Interventions that involved doctors, pharmacists and patients in planning and implementation yielded benefits in halting MRPs. Conclusion: This Systematic review summarizes MRPs and associated indicators of deterioration. Appropriate interventions appeared to be effective against certain MRPs and their consequences. Further studies to explore deterioration presented in this systematic review is imperative.

scholarly journals Physical activity promotion for multimorbid patients in primary care settings: A protocol for a systematic review evaluating health benefits and harms.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Schweda ◽  
Inga Krauß
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Activity Promotion

Background: To date multimorbidity has not received much attention in health policies, even though multiple chronic diseases put high demands on the health care system in industrial nations. Enormous costs of care and a physically, mentally and socially reduced quality of life are common consequences of multimorbidity. Physical activity (PA) has a positive preventive and therapeutic effect on common non-communicable . The objective of this study will be to evaluate the halth benefits and harms of PA interventions for sedentary adults with multimorbidity in primary care settings. Methods: This is the study protocol for a systematic review. We will serach PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, CINHAL and the Cochrane Library (from inception onwards). In addition, clinical trial registers and reference lists of included studies will be searched. We will include randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental and non-randomised trials examining the health benefits and harms of PA interventions with or without additional lifestyle interventions for sedentary adult patients with multimorbidity (e.g. two or more chronic non-communicable diseases) in primary care. Eligible control groups will be standard care, placebo or medications. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, abstracts data and full text articles. The primary outcomes will be health related quality of life and mortality. Secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength and disease specific outcomes (e.g. depression score), biomarkers as well as control of metabolic risk factors (e.g. blood pressure, HBA1c, body weight) and any adverse event. The study methodological quality will be appraised using appropriate tools. If feasible, we will conduct random effects meta-analysis. Additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g. study design, geographical location, or type of intervention). Strength of the body of evidence will be assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment (GRADE). Discussion: This review will evaluate the evidence on health benefits and harms of PA interventions for sedentary adults with multimorbidity in primary care settings. We anticipate our findings to be of interest to patients, their families, caregivers and healthcare professionals in selecting and conducting optimal health promotion programs. Possible implications for further research will be discussed.

Association Between Spirituality/religiousness and Quality of Life Among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
CEZIMAR CORREIA BORGES ◽  
PATRÍCIA ROBERTA DOS SANTOS ◽  
POLISSANDRO MORTOZA ALVES ◽  
RENATA CUSTÓDIO MACIEL BORGES ◽  
GIANCARLO LUCCHETTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is determined by multiple factors that include components such as spirituality and religiousness (S/R). Even though various systematic reviews have investigated the association between S/R and improved health outcomes in the most different groups, healthy young individuals are seldom addressed. The aim this study was to evalue the association between S/R and HRQoL among young, healthy individuals.Methods: Systematic review of papers published in the last ten years and indexed in four academic research databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) and two gray literature databases. Inclusion criteria were studies assessing S/R and HRQoL using validated instruments and assessing healthy adults (i.e., non-clinical patients, not belonging to any specific group of chronic diseases), aged between 18 and 64 years old. Results: Ten out of 1,952 studies met the inclusion criteria: nine cross-sectional and one longitudinal cohort study, in which 89% of the participants were college students. Nine studies report a positive association between S/R and HRQoL, while one study did not report any significant association. The main HRQoL domains associated with S/R were the psychological, social relationships, and environment domains, while the S/R most influent facets/components were optimism, inner strength, peace, high control, hope, and happiness. Conclusions: Higher S/R levels among healthy adult individuals were associated with higher HRQoL levels, suggesting the S/R can be an important strategy to deal with adverse environmental situations even among those without chronic diseases, enhancing the wellbeing of individuals. Registration of systematic review: PROSPERO - CRD42018104047

scholarly journals Can simulators be applied to improve cataract surgery training: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000488
Author(s):  
Taha Muneer Ahmed ◽  
Badrul Hussain ◽  
M A Rehman Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Surgery Training ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Effective Training

ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of existing literature on simulation-based training of cataract surgery. Available literature was evaluated and projections on how current findings could be applied to cataract surgery training were summarised. The quality of included literature was also assessed.Methods and analysisThe PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles pertaining to simulation training in cataract surgery on 18 November 2019. Selected articles were qualitatively analysed.ResultsA total of 165 articles were identified out of which 10 met inclusion criteria. Four studies reported construct validity of the EyeSi simulator. Six studies demonstrated improved surgical outcomes corresponding to training on the simulator. Quality assessment of included studies was satisfactory.ConclusionCurrent studies on simulation training in cataract surgery all point towards it being an effective training tool with low risk of study biases confounding this conclusion. As technology improves, surgical training must embrace and incorporate simulation technology in training.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Integrative Health Care Research: Randomized Control Trials, Clinical Controlled Trials, and Meta-Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheleh Khorsan ◽  
Ian D. Coulter ◽  
Cindy Crawford ◽  
An-Fu Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Health Care Research ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Care Research ◽  
Integrative Health ◽  
Integrative Health Care

A systematic review was conducted to assess the level of evidence for integrative health care research. We searched PubMed, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), BIOSIS Previews, EMBASE, the entire Cochrane Library, MANTIS, Social SciSearch, SciSearch Cited Ref Sci, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and NCCAM grantee publications listings, from database inception to May 2009, as well as searches of the “gray literature.” Available studies published in English language were included. Three independent reviewers rated each article and assessed the methodological quality of studies using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN 50). Our search yielded 11,891 total citations but 6 clinical studies, including 4 randomized, met our inclusion criteria. There are no available systematic reviews/meta-analyses published that met our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed independently using quality checklists of the SIGN 50. Only a small number of RCTs and CCTs with a limited number of patients and lack of adequate control groups assessing integrative health care research are available. These studies provide limited evidence of effective integrative health care on some modalities. However, integrative health care regimen appears to be generally safe.

scholarly journals Impact of GP gatekeeping on quality of care, and health outcomes, use, and expenditure: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (682) ◽  
pp. e294-e303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poompong Sripa ◽  
Benedict Hayhoe ◽  
Priya Garg ◽  
Azeem Majeed ◽  
Geva Greenfield
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundGPs often act as gatekeepers, authorising patients’ access to specialty care. Gatekeeping is frequently perceived as lowering health service use and health expenditure. However, there is little evidence suggesting that gatekeeping is more beneficial than direct access in terms of patient- and health-related outcomes.AimTo establish the impact of GP gatekeeping on quality of care, health use and expenditure, and health outcomes and patient satisfaction.Design and settingA systematic review.MethodThe databases MEDLINE, PreMEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles using a search strategy. Two authors independently screened search results and assessed the quality of studies.ResultsElectronic searches identified 4899 studies (after removing duplicates), of which 25 met the inclusion criteria. Gatekeeping was associated with better quality of care and appropriate referral for further hospital visits and investigation. However, one study reported unfavourable outcomes for patients with cancer under gatekeeping, and some concerns were raised about the accuracy of diagnoses made by gatekeepers. Gatekeeping resulted in fewer hospitalisations and use of specialist care, but inevitably was associated with more primary care visits. Patients were less satisfied with gatekeeping than direct-access systems.ConclusionGatekeeping was associated with lower healthcare use and expenditure, and better quality of care, but with lower patient satisfaction. Survival rate of patients with cancer in gatekeeping schemes was significantly lower than those in direct access, although primary care gatekeeping was not otherwise associated with delayed patient referral. The long-term outcomes of gatekeeping arrangements should be carefully studied before devising new gatekeeping policies.

scholarly journals Association between spirituality/religiousness and quality of life among healthy adults: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezimar Correia Borges ◽  
Patrícia Roberta dos Santos ◽  
Polissandro Mortoza Alves ◽  
Renata Custódio Maciel Borges ◽  
Giancarlo Lucchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is determined by multiple factors that include components such as spirituality and religiousness (S/R). Even though various systematic reviews have investigated the association between S/R and improved health outcomes in the most different groups, healthy young individuals are seldom addressed. Objective To assess the association between S/R and HRQoL among young, healthy individuals. Methods Systematic review of papers published in the last ten years and indexed in four academic research databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) and two gray literature databases. Inclusion criteria were studies assessing S/R and HRQoL using validated instruments and assessing healthy adults (i.e., non-clinical patients, not belonging to any specific group of chronic diseases), aged between 18 and 64 years old. Results Ten out of 1,952 studies met the inclusion criteria: nine cross-sectional and one longitudinal cohort study, in which 89% of the participants were college students. Nine studies report a positive association between S/R and HRQoL, while one study did not report any significant association. The main HRQoL domains associated with S/R were the psychological, social relationships, and environment domains, while the S/R most influent facets/components were optimism, inner strength, peace, high control, hope, and happiness. Conclusions Higher S/R levels among healthy adult individuals were associated with higher HRQoL levels, suggesting the S/R can be an important strategy to deal with adverse environmental situations even among those without chronic diseases, enhancing the wellbeing of individuals. Registration of systematic review: PROSPERO—CRD42018104047.

scholarly journals Sequential Approach to Differential Diagnosis of TMJ Disorder from Other Oro Facial Muscles Pain – A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Rajwinder Singh Brar ◽  
Anshu Singh ◽  
Nivedita Gautam ◽  
Natasha Bathla ◽  
Jenny Lalmalsawmi Sailo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Measurement Tools

This systematic review (SR) synthesises recent evidence and assesses the methodological quality of published SRs in the Differential diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Bandolier databases for 1987 to September 2019. Three investigators evaluated the methodological quality of each identified SR using two measurement tools: The assessment of multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR) and level of research design scoring. Thirty-one SRs met inclusion criteria and 28 were analysed: 20 qualitative SRs and eight meta-analysis. The main aim of this article is to Differential diagnose the pain which is not related to any dental disease. Most of dental clinician have problem to diagnose TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) and Orofacial Muscle pain. The approach of this article is to simplify the differential diagnosis for better and fast treatment of the respective disease by classifying various TMJ related and muscle related problems.

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