Dynapenic Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults 50 Years of Age and Older

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sénéchal ◽  
Isabelle J. Dionne ◽  
Martin Brochu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dependent Variables

Objectives: To investigate the additive effect of dynapenia and abdominal obesity on metabolic risk factors in older adults. Method: A total of 3,007 men and women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study were categorized as follows: (a) non-dynapenic/non-abdominally obese (N-DYN/N-AO), (b) dynapenic/non-abdominally obese (DYN/N-AO), (c) non-dynapenic/abdominally obese (N-DYN/AO), (d) dynapenic/ abdominally obese (DYN/AO) based on waist circumference (WC) and leg muscle strength tertiles. Dependent variables were lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and other chronic conditions. Results: The DYN/AO group had lower plasma HDL-chol and higher triglyceride and glucose levels than N-DYN/N-AO and DYN/N-AO groups (all p ≤ .01). Higher plasma triglyceride was observed in the DYN/AO group compared with N-DYN/AO group ( p ≤ .01). The odds of having metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and type II diabetes were higher in DYN/AO compared with DYN/N-AO and N-DYN/N-AO. Conclusion: DYN/AO older adults might be at greater risk of metabolic alterations than those displaying dynapenia alone or those with neither abdominal obesity nor dynapenia.

scholarly journals Thyroid Function in Korean Adolescents with Obesity: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Kyoung Cho ◽  
Hyo-Kyoung Nam ◽  
Jae Hyun Kim ◽  
Young-Jun Rhie ◽  
Sochung Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
National Health ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Purpose. In this study, we investigated the status of thyroid function and its association with metabolic risk factors in Korean adolescents. Methods. Among 2679 subjects aged 10–19 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015), 1067 adolescents (M=559, F=508) with available data on free T4 (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were included. Study participants were classified into normal weight [body mass index (BMI) below 85th percentile, 80.7%], overweight (85th ≤ BMI< 95th percentile, 8.7%), and obesity (BMI ≥ 95th percentile, 10.6%). Results. With increasing levels of BMI category, the means of TSH increased (2.73 ± 0.06, 2.77 ± 0.02, and 3.24 ± 0.22 mIU/L, P=0.031) and FT4 decreased (1.30 ± 0.01, 1.26 ± 0.02, and 1.25 ± 0.02 ng/mL, P=0.001). Positive linear associations were observed between TSH and BMI z-score (P=0.031), waist circumference (P=0.013), waist-height ratio (P=0.002), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), total cholesterol (P=0.008), and triglyceride (P=0.002) after adjusting for age and sex. With per-unit increase in TSH, the odds ratios of having abdominal obesity (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.01–1.38) and triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04–1.34) were significantly increased after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. Conclusions. In adolescents with obesity, TSH was higher and FT4 was lower than in adolescents with normal weight. Hyperthyrotropinemia was associated with abnormal metabolic risk factors including abdominal obesity and elevated triglyceride.

scholarly journals Association between Parent’s Metabolic Syndrome and 12- to18-Year-Old Offspring’s Overweight: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES) 2009–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Na Yeong Lee ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Yoonji Lee ◽  
Seulki Kim ◽  
Seonhwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. Little information is available on the association between parents’ metabolic syndrome (MetS) and adolescent offspring’s obesity in Korea. The aim of our study is to determine the association between parent’s metabolic syndrome and offspring’s obesity. Methods. The study data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted during 2009–2016. In the present study, 3140 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, their paternal pairs (PP, fathers = 2244), and maternal pairs (MP, mothers = 3022) were analyzed. Of these 3140 adolescents, 2637 had normal weight {age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) under the 85th percentile}, whereas 467 were overweight (age- and sex-specific BMI over the 85th percentile). Results. Offspring’s overweight and central obesity were associated with all components of the PP’s metabolic risk factors, including central obesity ( p < 0.001 ), systolic ( p < 0.001 ) and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001 ), glucose intolerance ( p < 0.001 ), and triglyceride ( p < 0.002 ) and high-density lipoprotein levels ( p = 0.049 ). In addition, offspring’s overweight and central obesity were also associated with the metabolic risk factors of MP, including central obesity ( p < 0.001 ), systolic ( p < 0.001 ) and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001 ), glucose intolerance ( p < 0.001 ), and triglyceride levels ( p < 0.001 ). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, offspring’s overweight was significantly and positively associated with parental central obesity (PP, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.593; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.192–2.128; MP, adjusted OR = 2.221, 95% CI: 1.755–2.812) and parental metabolic syndrome (PP, adjusted OR = 2.032; 95% CI: 1.451–2.846; MP, adjusted OR = 2.972, 95% CI: 2.239–3.964). As the number of parental metabolic risk factors increased, offspring’s risk for overweight and central obesity increased ( p for trends < 0.001). Conclusion. Parental metabolic syndrome was associated with obesity in 12- to 18-year-old offspring in Korea.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors of Pre-diabetes/Diabetes among University Students: A Cross Sectional-study at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bright Oppong Afranie ◽  
Sampson Donkor ◽  
Simon Koffie ◽  
Selorm Philip Segbefia ◽  
Joseph Badu Gyapong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Fasting Blood Sugar ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Kwame Nkrumah ◽  
Sugar Levels

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases globally and its complications include retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Early detection of the risk factors and management of pre-diabetes can however reduce the risk of developing diabetes-related complications. Objective: This study was undertaken to assess cardio-metabolic risk factors for diabetes among undergraduate students at KNUST. Method: The study was carried out at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology at Kumasi, from January 2017 to March 2017. Questionnaires were administered to 500 participants (45% males and 55% females) to obtain demographic and anthropometric data, information on physical activity, and knowledge on diabetes. About 5 ml of venous blood was taken from participants after an overnight fast to determine fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profile. Results: The mean age of participants were 21±2.40 years and 19.24±2.42 years for male and female respectively. Prevalence rate of pre-diabetes was 5% in this study. Mean values of systolic pressure (p<0.001) and blood glucose level (p=0.042) were significantly higher in men than the females. There was a significant association between the total cholesterol and the fasting blood sugar levels among participants (p=0.045). LDL-cholesterols concentrations were also significantly associated with blood sugar levels among participants (p<0.001). Risk factors such physical exercise (p<0.001) and family history (p<0.001) if diabetes were significantly associated with fasting blood glucose levels of participants. Obesity was no associated with serum glucose levels among participants in this study (p=0.533). HDL-cholesterol was inversely correlated with Fasting blood sugar even though it was no significant (r=-0.240, p=0.430). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of pre-diabetes was 5% in this study. Education about the disease as well as appropriate modification of lifestyle can help reduce the incidence of diabetes and its associated risk factors. 

Abstract 18258: High-intensity Interval Training Improves Aerobic Capacity and Metabolic Risk Factors in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chueh-Lung Hwang ◽  
Jeung-Ki Yoo ◽  
Han-Kyul Kim ◽  
Moon-Hyon Hwang ◽  
Eileen M Handberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate

Introduction: Aging is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk including reduced aerobic capacity and increased metabolic risk factors. Aerobic exercise training improves the risk for cardiovascular disease. The optimal exercise regimen for older adults, however, remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would be more effective than isocaloric moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in improving aerobic capacity and metabolic risks factors in older adults. Methods: Thirty eight sedentary older adults (age 65±1.0 yrs; mean±SE), free of cardiovascular disease, were randomly assigned to HIIT (n=13), MICT (n=13) or non-exercise control group (n=12). HIIT consisted of cycling at alternating intensities of 90 and 70% maximal heart rate for 40 minutes while MICT consisted of cycling at 70% maximal heart rate for 47 minutes. HIIT and MICT were performed on Airdyne bicycles, 4 days/week for 8 weeks, under supervision. Aerobic capacity was assessed by peak oxygen consumption during an incremental treadmill test. Metabolic risk factors included fasting lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment; HOMA-IR). Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. All measures were obtained at baseline and following the intervention. Results: Peak oxygen consumption increased by 2.8 ml/kg/min (23.0±1.6 vs. 25.7±1.5, pre- vs. post-intervention; P <0.05) in HIIT, but did not change in MICT and control group (26.0±1.5 vs. 26.2±1.4 and 23.5±1.4 vs. 24.0±1.4, respectively; P >0.05). Insulin and HOMA-IR improved only in HIIT (-1.9±0.6μU/ml and -0.42±0.16, P <0.05; respectively) and these changes were negatively associated with the change in peak oxygen consumption (r=-0.37, P <0.05 for both). Overall, lipids, body weight, body fat, and fat-free mass did not change in response to the intervention in any of the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: HIIT but not MICT improves aerobic capacity and glucose control in healthy older adults without affecting lipids or body composition.

scholarly journals Intra-abdominal obesity and metabolic risk factors: a study of young adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 941-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E von Eyben ◽  
E Mouritsen ◽  
J Holm ◽  
P Montvilas ◽  
G Dimcevski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk
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