An in-vitro study of cutting force and torque during rotary ultrasonic bone drilling

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1549-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
Pulak Mohan Pandey
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vibrational Amplitude ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Surgical Operation ◽  
Confidential Interval ◽  
Drill Diameter ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Process Factors

Bone drilling is one of the steps in a typical surgical operation that is performed around the world for reconstruction and repair of the fractured bone. During the last decade, various techniques, such as two-step drilling, ultrasonic-assisted bone drilling and laser drilling, have been introduced to control the level of forces and torque during bone drilling. In this research, rotary ultrasonic bone drilling has been successfully attempted to minimize the forces and torque during bone drilling. The drilling experiments were planned and carried out on pig bones using the design of experiments (response surface methodology). Analysis of variance was carried out to find the effect of process factors such as rotational speed, feed rate, drill diameter and ultrasonic vibrational amplitude on the force and torque. Statistical models were developed for the force and torque with 95% confidential interval, and confirmation experiments have been carried out to validate the models. Microcracks developed during drilling process were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process offered a lower force and torque making it a potential process for bone drilling in orthopedic surgery.

An Assessment of Cutting Force for Dental Implant Drilling

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 2542-2547
Author(s):  
Joon Hwang ◽  
Eui Sik Chung ◽  
Yong Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Dental Surgery

Bone drilling is widely used in orthopedics and dental surgery; it is a technically surgical procedure. Recent technological improvements in this area are focused on efforts to reduce forces in bone drilling. The aim of this study was to compare changes in cutting force during dental bone drilling at various drilling conditions and drill tool geometry. In the present in vitro study, dog jaw bone with uniform thickness of cortical bone was used. Cutting force changes were measured during drilling process. Drill jig was designed and manufactured to fix jaw workpiece and mounted on the tool dynamometer to measure cutting force in drilling process. The dental implant drilling tests were conducted at various cutting speeds and feed rates. In this study drilling thrust force was observed 1.5~3.6[N] for MS type implant drilling and 3.1~4.9[N] for conventional high speed steel drilling, respectively. This further research will provide a basic quantitative approach for the timely issue of wide application of implant drilling in dental and orthopedic surgery fields.

In vitro comparison of conventional surgical and rotary ultrasonic bone drilling techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
Ravinder Pal Singh ◽  
Pulak M Pandey ◽  
Ravi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Thermal Necrosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Drill Diameter

In orthopedic and trauma surgical operations, drilling of bone is one of the commonly used procedures performed in hospitals and is a clinical practice for fixing the fractured parts of human bones. Force, torque and temperature play a significant role during the bone drilling and decide the stability of the medical implants. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize force, torque and temperature while drilling to avoid the thermal necrosis and osteosynthesis. This study focused on studying the influence of various types of bone drilling parameters (rotational speed, feed rate, drill diameter and ultrasonic amplitude), tools (solid tool, hollow tool and conventional twist drill bit) and techniques (conventional surgical drilling, rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and rotary bone drilling) on force, torque, temperature and microcracks produced in the drilled surface of the bone. The experimental investigations were conducted on porcine bone samples to perform the comparative study. Results revealed that increasing the diameter of drill tool and feed rate results in the increase in force, torque and temperature, while low rotational speed (500 r/min) generated a low temperature, high cutting force and torque for all types of drilling processes and tools evaluated in this study. Experimental results also revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling with hollow tool generated the lowest cutting force, torque, temperature (<47 °C) and microcracks in the drilled surface of the bone as compared to the other four types of drilling techniques evaluated in this study. Influence of external irrigation technique on temperature was also studied with respect to the rotary ultrasonic bone drilling with a hollow tool, which could eliminate the problem of thermal necrosis. In conclusion, this study revealed that the rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process with hollow tool produced lesser cutting force as compared to rotary bone drilling and conventional surgical drilling for hollow and solid tools. The study also revealed that rotary ultrasonic bone drilling process has the potential to minimize the cutting force, torque and temperature as compared to the conventional surgical drilling for orthopedic surgery.

An in vitro study of temperature changes in type 4 bone during implant placement: bone condensing versus bone drilling

2011 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijana Misic ◽  
Aleksa Markovic ◽  
Aleksandar Todorovic ◽  
Snjezana Colic ◽  
Scepanovic Miodrag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Bone Condensing

Effects of rotary ultrasonic bone drilling on cutting force and temperature in the human bones

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Pal Singh ◽  
Pulak Mohan Pandey ◽  
Chittaranjan Behera ◽  
Asit Ranjan Mridha
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Bone Drilling ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drill Diameter

Efficacy and outcomes of osteosynthesis depend on various factors including types of injury and repair, host factors, characteristics of implant materials and type of implantation. One of the most important host factors appears to be the extent of bone damage due to the mechanical force and thermal injury which are produced at cutting site during bone drilling. The temperature above the critical temperature (47 °C) produces thermal osteonecrosis in the bones. In the present work, experimental investigations were performed to determine the effect of drilling parameters (rotational speed, feed rate and drill diameter) and techniques (conventional surgical bone drilling and rotary ultrasonic bone drilling) on cutting force and temperature generated during bone drilling. The drilling experiments were performed by a newly developed bone drilling machine on different types of human bones (femur, tibia and fibula) having different biological structure and mechanical behaviour. The bone samples were procured from male cadavers with the age of second to fourth decades. The results revealed that there was a significant difference ( p < 0.05) in cutting force and temperature rise for rotary ultrasonic bone drilling and conventional surgical bone drilling. The cutting force obtained in rotary ultrasonic bone drilling was 30%–40%, whereas temperature generated was 50%–55% lesser than conventional surgical bone drilling process for drilling in all types of bones. It was also found that the cutting force increased with increasing feed rate, drill diameter and decrease in rotational speed, whereas increasing rotational speed, drill diameter and feed rate resulted in higher heat generation during bone drilling. Both the techniques revealed that the axial cutting force and the temperature rise were significantly higher in femur and tibia compared with the fibula for all combinations of process parameters.

An in-vitro study of temperature rise during rotary ultrasonic bone drilling of human bone

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Pal Singh ◽  
Pulak Mohan Pandey ◽  
Asit Ranjan Mridha
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Rise ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bone Drilling

Influence of bone density and implant drill diameter on the resulting axial force and temperature development in implant burs and artificial bone: an in vitro study

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich ◽  
Mustapha Abouridouane ◽  
Nicole Heussen ◽  
Ali Modabber ◽  
Fritz Klocke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Temperature Development ◽  
Drill Diameter

scholarly journals Ultrasonic-Assisted Drilling of Cortical and Cancellous Bone in a Comparative Point of View

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sousan Pourgiv ◽  
Nima Jamshidi ◽  
Aminollah Mohammadi ◽  
Alireza Mosavar
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Conventional Drilling

Abstract Background: A potential method in drilling of bone is ultrasonic-assisted drilling. In addition, during the drilling of bone, which is common in clinical surgeries, excessive heat generation and drilling force may lead to damages in bone tissue, and thus to failure of implants and fixation screws or delay in healing process. The aim of this study was to appraise efficiency of ultrasonic-assisted drilling in comparison to conventional drilling.Methods: In addition to investigating drilling force and temperature elevation, their effects on arising osteonecrosis and micro-cracks were explored in ultrasonic-assisted and conventional drilling through histopathologic assessment and microscopic imaging. In this regard, three drilling speeds and two drilling feed-rates were considered as drilling variables in the in-vitro experiments. Moreover, numerical modeling gave an insight into temperature distribution during drilling process in the both methods and compared three different vibration amplitudes. Results: Although temperature elevations were lower in the conventional drilling, the ultrasonic-assisted drilling had lesser drilling forces. Furthermore, the latter method had smaller osteonecrosis regions, and did not have micro-cracks in cortical bone and destructions in structure of cancellous bone.Conclusions: The ultrasonic-assisted drilling, which caused lesser damages to the bone tissue in both cortical and cancellous bone, was more comparatively advantageous.

Unrecoverable bi-products of drilling titanium alloy and tantalum metal implants: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Skowronek ◽  
Paweł Olszewski ◽  
Wojciech Święszkowski ◽  
Marek Synder ◽  
Marcin Sibiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Trabecular Metal ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Porous Architecture ◽  
Laboratory Balance ◽  
Adverse Influence ◽  
Drill Holes

Background: Trabecular metal implants with a porous architecture that allows for the incorporation of bone into the implant during healing are gaining popularity in alloplastic revision procedures. The bi-products of drilling titanium alloy (Ti) and tantalum (Ta) implants have not been previously assessed. Methods: Four holes were drilled in each of 2 spatially porous trabecular implants, one Ta and the other Ti alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb), for this pilot in vitro study. The particles were flushed out with a continuous flow of saline. The particles’ weight and the volume were then measured using a Radwag XA 110/2X (USA) laboratory balance. The total volume of the obtained metal fines was measured by titration using a 10 mm3 measurement system. Results: A cobalt carbide bit was used since the holes could not be made with a standard bone drill. Each Ti and Ta implant lost 1.26 g and 2.48 g of mass, respectively. The volume of free particles recovered after each stage was 280 mm3 and 149 mm3, respectively. Approximately 0.6% of the total implant mass was not recovered after drilling (roughly 2% of the mass of the particles created by drilling), despite the use of 5 µm filters. Conclusions: It is technically difficult to drill holes in Ti and Ta implants using standard surgical tools. The drilling process creates a considerable amount of metal particles, which cannot be recovered despite intensive flushing. This may have an adverse influence on the bio-functionality (survival) of the endoprosthesis and present deleterious systemic consequences.

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