scholarly journals Characterisation and modelling of the reactions in a three-way PdRh catalyst in the exhaust gas from an ethanol-fuelled spark-ignition engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (12) ◽  
pp. 3222-3234
Author(s):  
Claire McAtee ◽  
Geoff McCullough ◽  
David Sellick ◽  
Alexandre Goguet
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emission ◽  
Synthetic Gas

This work investigated and modelled the performance and characteristics of automotive catalytic converter formulations when subjected to a synthetic exhaust gas mixture representative of that emitted by an ethanol-fuelled spark-ignition engine. A synthetic gas reactor and exhaust gas emission analyser were used to assess the catalytic activity, the products distribution and chemical mechanisms exhibited by a commercial catalytic converter formulation when exposed to ethanol containing gas mixtures. A commercially available after-treatment modelling platform named Axisuite was used to simulate the catalyst performance. This software was used to assign the pre-exponential frequency factor and activation energy variables within the rate equations. A set of global kinetic coefficients for the relevant reactions was established and is reported.

Exhaust Emissions From a Stoichiometric, Ammonia and Gasoline Dual Fueled Spark Ignition Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn M. Grannell ◽  
Dennis N. Assanis ◽  
Donald E. Gillespie ◽  
Stanislav V. Bohac
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Oxygen Sensors ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gas

Engine-out and post-catalyst emissions of ammonia, hydrocarbons, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrous oxide are measured for an ammonia and gasoline dual fueled spark ignition engine. An ordinary three-way catalytic converter can be used to clean up these emissions. The clean-up region occurs between stoichiometric and 0.2% rich. Ordinary exhaust gas oxygen sensors are usable with ammonia and gasoline in much the same way as they are with gasoline alone.

scholarly journals Experimental study on knock sources in spark ignition engine with exhaust gas recirculation

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Božić ◽  
Ante Vučetić ◽  
Momir Sjerić ◽  
Darko Kozarac ◽  
Zoran Lulić
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Recirculation

The Potential of a Separated Electric Compound Spark Ignition Engine for Hybrid Vehicle Application

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Pipitone ◽  
Salvatore Caltabellotta
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Generator Unit ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Abstract In-cylinder expansion of internal combustion engines based on Diesel or Otto cycles cannot be completely brought down to ambient pressure, causing a 20% theoretical energy loss. Several systems have been implemented to recover and use this energy such as turbocharging, turbo-mechanical and turbo-electrical compounding, or the implementation of Miller Cycles. In all these cases however, the amount of energy recovered is limited allowing the engine to reach an overall efficiency incremental improvement between 4% and 9%. Implementing an adequately designed expander-generator unit could efficiently recover the unexpanded exhaust gas energy and improve efficiency. In this work, the application of the expander-generator unit to a hybrid propulsion vehicle is considered, where the onboard energy storage receives power produced by an expander-generator, which could hence be employed for vehicle propulsion through an electric drivetrain. Starting from these considerations, a simple but effective modelling approach is used to evaluate the energetic potential of a spark-ignition engine electrically supercharged and equipped with an exhaust gas expander connected to an electric generator. The overall efficiency was compared to a reference turbocharged engine within a hybrid vehicle architecture. It was found that, if adequately recovered, the unexpanded gas energy could reduce engine fuel consumption and related pollutant emissions by 4% to 12%, depending on overall power output.

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