scholarly journals Findings from within-subjects comparisons of drug use and sexual risk behaviour in men who have sex with men in England

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Melendez-Torres ◽  
Ford Hickson ◽  
David Reid ◽  
Peter Weatherburn ◽  
Chris Bonell
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Sex With Men

Epidemiological evidence for the encounter-level association between sexualised drug use and unprotected anal intercourse in men who have sex with men is unclear and has not examined men who have sex with men in England. To estimate this association, we compared dyadic sexual encounters within respondents. We used encounter-level data from a longitudinal online survey of men who have sex with men living in England and multilevel models to test univariate and multivariate associations between any respondent or partner drug use, specific respondent drug use, additional situational characteristics and unprotected anal intercourse. Based on 6742 encounters from 2142 men who have sex with men, respondent drug use and respondent use of certain specific drugs were associated with increased unprotected anal intercourse odds. In univariate models, partner drug use was associated with increased unprotected anal intercourse odds, but in multivariate models, only non-specific knowledge of partner drug use was associated with the same. Encounters with non-regular-and-steady partners or that were not HIV-seroconcordant were associated with decreased unprotected anal intercourse odds. This is the first within-subjects comparison of drug use and unprotected anal intercourse conducted on a sample from England, and the largest of its kind. Findings are consistent with other studies, though associations between drug use and unprotected anal intercourse are shaped by social contexts that may change over time.

Gay men who engage in substance use and sexual risk behaviour: a dual-risk group with unique characteristics

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 698-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Mor ◽  
U Davidovich ◽  
M Mcfarlane ◽  
G Feldshtein ◽  
D Chemtob
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
First Time

‘Recreational’ substances used among men having sex with men, and their association with risky unprotected anal intercourse (RUAI) were examined – for the first time in Israel – in an internet-based questionnaire assessing knowledge, practices and motivation. Between March and May 2005, 2873 participants completed the entire questionnaire. Of the total, 669 (23%) reported RUAI during the last six months, and 1319 (46%) used substances during sex. Use of substance was significantly higher among those performing RUAI than those who did not (31.5% versus 26.4%, P = 0.03). Involvement in both substance use and RUAI was reported by 366 participants (13%). HIV rates were higher in this dual-risk group ( P < 0.01), and individuals reported more partners in the last six months than those not part of this dual risk (11.6 versus 8.2, P = 0.02). In multivariate analyses, Tel-Aviv residency, lower education, performing receptive RUAI, misperception of HIV transmission and limited negotiation skills were positively associated with this dual-risk behaviour.

A new surveillance system for monitoring HIV infection in Victoria, Australia

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Guy ◽  
Megan S. C. Lim ◽  
Yung-Hsuan J. Wang ◽  
Nicholas Medland ◽  
Jonathan Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Test

Objectives: To establish a new mechanism for monitoring patterns of HIV infection, in the context of a sustained increase in HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Victoria. Methods: Between April 2004 and August 2005, a linked voluntary HIV sentinel surveillance system was implemented at five medical clinics with a high case load of MSM. Using a questionnaire, doctors collected HIV testing history, demographic and sexual risk behaviour information from all clients undergoing voluntary HIV testing. Questionnaires were linked with HIV test results. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with HIV infection. Results: Of 3435 MSM tested for HIV at participating sites, 1.7%, (95% CI = 1.2–2.2) were newly diagnosed with HIV; between 2004 and 2005 the proportion increased from 1.3% (95% CI = 1.2–1.5) to 2.0% (95% CI = 1.8–2.2), P = 0.107. There was no significant change in the number of HIV tests conducted per month or in demographic characteristics, testing history and sexual behaviour characteristics between time periods. In multivariate analysis, reporting unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with any partner, UAI with a HIV-positive partner/s and being aged 30–39 years or 40 years or greater were significantly associated with HIV infection. Conclusion: This new surveillance mechanism, based on linked testing at participating clinics, indicates that the increase in HIV notifications in 2005 was unrelated to changes in testing and data from a Melbourne sexual behavioural survey suggests the increase was more likely to be attributed to increases in transmission within the past few years. The sentinel system highlighted UAI, especially with HIV positive partner/s are important transmission factors.

Factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse and age among men who have sex with men who are gay bar customers in Osaka, Japan

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Koerner ◽  
Satoshi Shiono ◽  
Seiichi Ichikawa ◽  
Noriyo Kaneko ◽  
Hiroyuki Tsuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Bisexual Identity ◽  
Older Msm ◽  
The Relationship

Background HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) are increasing in Japan. Method: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire among clients of a gay bar in Osaka was used to analyse the relationship between age and unprotected anal sex (UAI). Results: The highest rate of UAI was reported among those aged ≥45 (73.3%), followed by the ≤24 (60.7%), 25–34 (56.3%) and 35–44 (54.0%) age groups (P = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, UAI was related to sex with six or more sexual partners among those aged ≤24 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 4.88; confidence interval (CI), 1.21–19.74), bisexual identity (AOR, 2.47; CI, 1.06–5.76) and drug use (AOR, 0.49; CI, 0.26–0.93 for no drug use) in the 25–34 age group, and no lifetime HIV testing in the 35–44 age group (AOR, 2.57; CI, 1.40–4.74). Condom purchasing and condom carrying were protective of UAI in 25–34, 35–44 and ≥45 age groups. Conclusion: Programs promoting condom use are needed for younger and older MSM.

scholarly journals HIV and risk behaviour among men who have sex with men in Denmark – the 2006 Sex Life Survey

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Cowan ◽  
J Haff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Respondent Group ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Behavioural surveys among men who have sex with men (MSM) are important for HIV surveillance. The Danish 2006 Sex Life Survey was carried out as a self administered questionnaire, which was distributed at gay venues and bars and posted on the internet. The questionnaire was completed by 3,141 MSM. We describe the methods, the respondent group and the results of the 2006 Sex Life Survey, and discuss it implications. The main finding of this survey is that 33% of the respondents have practised unsafe sex, defined as unprotected anal intercourse with one or more partners of different or unknown HIV status. In the three previous Sex Life Surveys of 2000, 2001 and 2002, this figure was between 26% and 28%.

Elevated reporting of unprotected anal intercourse and injecting drug use but no difference in HIV prevalence among Indigenous Australian men who have sex with men compared with their Anglo-Australian peers

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Lea ◽  
Michael Costello ◽  
Limin Mao ◽  
Garrett Prestage ◽  
Iryna Zablotska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Gay Community ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
Sex With Men

Background Although half of the HIV notifications among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (‘Indigenous Australians’) are attributed to homosexual transmission, there has been little research examining sexual and drug use risk practices among Indigenous Australian men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: Respondents were Indigenous Australian (n = 1278) and Anglo-Australian men (n = 24 002) participating in the routine cross-sectional Gay Community Periodic Surveys conducted in Australia from 2007 to 2011. Sociodemographic characteristics, sexual risk practices, drug use, HIV testing and HIV status of Indigenous and Anglo-Australian men were compared and evaluated to discover whether Indigenous status was independently associated with HIV risk practices. Results: Although an equivalent proportion of Indigenous and Anglo-Australian men reported being HIV-positive (9.6%), Indigenous MSM were more likely to report unprotected anal intercourse with casual partners in the previous 6 months (27.9% v. 21.5%; Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.49). Indigenous men were more likely than Anglo-Australian men to report use of several specific drugs and twice as likely to report injecting drug use in the previous 6 months (8.8% v. 4.5%; AOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.11–1.86). Conclusions: Despite a higher proportion of Indigenous men reporting sexual and drug use practices that increase the risk of HIV transmission, there were no differences in the HIV status of Indigenous and Anglo-Australian men. However, the elevated rates of risk practices suggest that Indigenous MSM should remain a focus for HIV prevention, care and support.

scholarly journals An initial typology of contexts of dyadic sexual encounters between men and associations with sexual risk and pleasure: findings from an observational study

Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Melendez-Torres ◽  
Ford Hickson ◽  
David Reid ◽  
Peter Weatherburn ◽  
Chris Bonell
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Encounters ◽  
Sex With Men

Background Although many within-subjects comparisons conducted on samples of men who have sex with men have sought to understand the association between specific situational characteristics (e.g. drug use or location of sex) and sexual risk behaviour, none have considered the ‘clustering’ of patterns of situational characteristics. An initial typology of sexual encounters is derived and the relationship of this typology to condomless anal intercourse (CAI) and pleasure is tested. Methods: Data from a longitudinal survey of men who have sex with men living in England were used. Multilevel latent class analyses were estimated to determine an optimal class solution on the situational characteristics, and then pseudo-imputation was used to estimate the association between class and both CAI and pleasure. Results: A three-class solution fit the data best, with a scaled relative entropy of 92.4%. Classes were characterised as featuring: regular steady partners in private locations with low drug use (class 1), casual partners with increased probability of sex occurring in a sex-on-premises venue (class 2), and high levels of polydrug use together with increased probability of casual partners (class 3). Encounters were different both in pairwise comparisons and overall on probability of CAI. They were different overall but not necessarily pairwise on pleasure. Conclusions: These initial findings demonstrate the possibility of understanding sexual encounters in terms of the contexts, or classes, within which they occur. This may have implications for tailoring HIV prevention to specific encounter types. Future research should seek to extend encounter-level typologies to specific drug use variables.

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