Karl Leonhard (1904–88) and his academic influence through the ‘Erlangen School’

2020 ◽  
pp. 0957154X2097883
Author(s):  
Birgit Braun
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
East Germany ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Professional Contact ◽  
Academic Influence

The Erlangen University Psychiatric and Mental Clinic was an annexe to the Erlangen Mental Asylum, so when Leonhard worked there he became acquainted with acute and chronic stages of schizophrenia. This can be viewed as a decisive impulse for his later differentiated classification of types of schizophrenia. The suspicion that Leonhard suffered from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cannot be supported. His reticence concerning social-psychiatric aspects is analysed in the context of his early professional contact with the ‘Erlangen system’ of open care and its Nazi perversion. Leonhard’s role in national-socialism is still uncertain. His unsuccessful attempts to retain the Erlangen Chair of Psychiatry and Mental Illness in 1951 can be viewed as his first difficulty in the tensions between West Germany and East Germany.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Support System for the Detection of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Using EOG Signals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Demirci ◽  
Mustafa Yasin Esas ◽  
Çiğdem Gülüzar Altıntop ◽  
Neslihan Taştepe ◽  
Fatma Latifoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Support System ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Subjective Effect ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Support

Abstract Although Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disease, objective diagnostic methods are insufficient still. Current diagnostic methods include the subjective influence of the evaluator. In this context, in our study, we aimed to minimize the subjective effect of the evaluator with the objective diagnosis support system for ADHD.In our study, a visual stimulus follow-up test developed by us was applied to the patient with ADHD and healthy individuals, and electrooculogram (EOG) signals were recorded simultaneously. With the features extracted from EOG signals, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were used for the classification study of patients and healthy individuals, and it was determined that the classification of ADHD and healthy group could be distinguished by 81.76% performance. Thus, the outcomes that will contribute to the objective diagnosis of ADHD have been presented. The results are remarkable and important findings have been obtained that will contribute to the literature.

scholarly journals Autism, schizofrenie, ADHD. Perspective convergente

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Bogdana MICLEA
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The World ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
Over Time

Over time, continuous efforts have been made to clarify and circumscribe diagnoses of autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The diagnostic split between the 3 disorders dominated psychiatry after the 80s, being still used and recognized as such by the diagnostic manuals. Recently a shift and flexibility of the psychiatric paradigm has been noticed. The categorical perspective on mental illness is gradually complemented by the dimensional one. In the last decade, research in the field of neuroscience and psychology has brought evidence in favor of a partial overlap between ADHD, autism and schizophrenia. The hypothesis of a partial overlap can also be supported by non-medical or psychological theorizations, related to common deficits of symbolic structuring of the psyche in achieving a coherent representation of the world and of one’s own person.

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