Vegetation dynamics and Fire History in Färnebofjärden National Park, Central Sweden

Palaeoecological studies can identify past trends in vegetation communities and processes over long time scales. Pollen, plant macrofossils and charcoal analyses are used to reconstruct vegetation over the last 6400 years and provide information about former human impact and disturbance regimes in Färnebofjärden National Park, Central Sweden. Three specific conservation planning topics were addressed: (1) the changing ratio of conifers to broadleaved trees; (2) the origin and history of the river meadows and the biodiverse Populus tremula meadows; (3) the role of fire in the maintenance of biological values. Early diverse mixed broadleaved forest assemblages with pine were followed by significant declines of the more thermophilic forest elements prior to the expansion of spruce in the Iron Age. The rise to dominance of spruce was a ‘natural’ process that has been exaggerated by anthropogenic disturbance to artificially high levels today. The initial river meadow communities were facilitated by fire and frequent flooding events, but subsequent dynamics have more definitely been supported by human activities. Rural abandonment during the last 100 years has led to woody successions. Fire has been a continual disturbance factor with an influence on conservation issues such as Picea abies dominance and the maintenance of diverse, non-forest communities. Present occurrence of fire is unusually low, but natural fire frequencies are increasing in the region.

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The northern Black Sea and North Caucasus

The Oxford Handbook of the European Iron Age ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696826.013.35 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Valenina Mordvinceva ◽

Sabine Reinhold

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Iron Age ◽

Seventh Century ◽

The Black Sea ◽

North Caucasus ◽

The North ◽

Long Time ◽

History Of ◽

Northern Shore ◽

Greek Colonization

This chapter surveys the Iron Age in the region extending from the western Black Sea to the North Caucasus. As in many parts of Europe, this was the first period in which written sources named peoples, places, and historical events. The Black Sea saw Greek colonization from the seventh century BC and its northern shore later became the homeland of the important Bosporan kingdom. For a long time, researchers sought to identify tribes named by authors such as Herodotus by archaeological means, but this ethno-deterministic perspective has come under critique. Publication of important new data from across the region now permits us to draw a more coherent picture of successive cultures and of interactions between different parts of this vast area, shedding new light both on local histories and on the role ‘The East’ played in the history of Iron Age Europe.

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A Fire History of the High Chisos, Big Bend National Park, Texas

The Southwestern Naturalist ◽

10.2307/3671411 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 87 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

William H. Moir

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Fire History ◽

Big Bend National Park ◽

Big Bend ◽

History Of

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FIRE HISTORY OF MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS ON THE NORTH RIM, GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK, ARIZONA

Physical Geography ◽

10.1080/02723646.1998.10642637 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Joy J. Wolf ◽

Joy Nystrom Mast

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Fire History ◽

Grand Canyon ◽

Conifer Forests ◽

Mixed Conifer ◽

Grand Canyon National Park ◽

The North ◽

Mixed Conifer Forests ◽

History Of ◽

North Rim

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Nomads and the Shaping of Central Asia: from the Early Iron Age to the Kushan period

After Alexander: Central Asia before Islam ◽

10.5871/bacad/9780197263846.003.0003 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

CLAUDE RAPIN

Keyword(s):

International Trade ◽

Central Asia ◽

Iron Age ◽

Constant Factor ◽

Early Iron Age ◽

Steppe Belt ◽

History Of

This chapter examines the role of the nomads in shaping the history of Central Asia during the period from the early Iron Age to the rule of the Kushan Empire. This study is based on the archaeological and chronological framework provided for the middle Zerafshan Valley by the site of Koktepe. The findings suggest that the nomads are a constant factor in the history of the steppe belt and of all the adjacent southern lands, and that they may have played an important role in the renewal of cultures and in the development of international trade.

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Multi-Millennial Fire History of the Giant Forest, Sequoia National Park, California, USA

Fire Ecology ◽

10.4996/fireecology.0503120 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 120-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Thomas W. Swetnam ◽

Christopher H. Baisan ◽

Anthony C. Caprio ◽

Peter M. Brown ◽

Ramzi Touchan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Fire History ◽

Sequoia National Park ◽

History Of

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Paleoecology and high-resolution paleohydrology of a kettle peatland in upper Michigan

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2003.07.013 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Robert K. Booth ◽

Stephen T. Jackson ◽

Catherine E.D. Gray

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Climate Variability ◽

Time Scales ◽

Plant Macrofossils ◽

Testate Amoebae ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Primary Objective ◽

History Of ◽

Past Climate Variability

We investigated the developmental and hydrological history of a Sphagnum-dominated, kettle peatland in Upper Michigan using testate amoebae, plant macrofossils, and pollen. Our primary objective was to determine if the paleohydrological record of the peatland represents a record of past climate variability at subcentennial to millennial time scales. To assess the role of millennial-scale climate variability on peatland paleohydrology, we compared the timing of peatland and upland vegetation changes. To investigate the role of higher-frequency climate variability on peatland paleohydrology, we used testate amoebae to reconstruct a high-resolution, hydrologic history of the peatland for the past 5100 years, and compared this record to other regional records of paleoclimate and vegetation. Comparisons revealed coherent patterns of hydrological, vegetational, and climatic changes, suggesting that peatland paleohydrology responded to climate variability at millennial to sub-centennial time scales. Although ombrotrophic peatlands have been the focus of most high-resolution peatland paleoclimate research, paleohydrological records from Sphagnum-dominated, closed-basin peatlands record high-frequency and low-magnitude climatic changes and thus represent a significant source of unexplored paleoclimate data.

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Mapping fuels in Yosemite National Park

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2012-0213 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 7-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Seth H. Peterson ◽

Janet Franklin ◽

Dar A. Roberts ◽

Jan W. van Wagtendonk

Keyword(s):

Random Forests ◽

National Park ◽

Fire History ◽

Fire Regime ◽

Fire Suppression ◽

Remotely Sensed ◽

Yosemite National Park ◽

Natural Fire ◽

Fuel Loads ◽

Fuel Models

Decades of fire suppression have led to unnaturally large accumulations of fuel in some forest communities in the western United States, including those found in lower and midelevation forests in Yosemite National Park in California. We employed the Random Forests decision tree algorithm to predict fuel models as well as 1-h live and 1-, 10-, and 100-h dead fuel loads using a suite of climatic, topographic, remotely sensed, and burn history predictor variables. Climate variables and elevation consistently were most useful for predicting all types of fuels, but remotely sensed variables increased the kappa accuracy metric by 5%–12% age points in each case, demonstrating the utility of using disparate data sources in a topographically diverse region dominated by closed-canopy vegetation. Fire history information (time-since-fire) generally only increased kappa by 1% age point, and only for the largest fuel classes. The Random Forests models were applied to the spatial predictor layers to produce maps of fuel models and fuel loads, and these showed that fuel loads are highest in the low-elevation forests that have been most affected by fire suppression impacting the natural fire regime.

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Fire History of the Lamar River Drainage, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

The UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports ◽

10.13001/uwnpsrc.1989.2821 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 169-173

Author(s):

Stephen Barrett ◽

Stephen Arno

Keyword(s):

Yellowstone National Park ◽

National Park ◽

Fire History ◽

Fire Regime ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

Fire Regimes ◽

Pine Forests ◽

River Drainage ◽

Tree Ring Data ◽

History Of

This study's goal is to document the fire history of the Lamar River drainage, southeast of Soda Butte Creek in the Absaroka Mountains of northeastern Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Elsewhere in YNP investigators have documented very long-interval fire regimes for lodgepole pine forests occurring on rhyolitic derived soils (Romme 1982, Romme and Despain 1989) and short-interval fire regimes for the Douglas-fir/grassland types (Houston 1973). No fire regime information was available for lodgepole pine forests on andesitic derived soils, such as in the Lamar drainage. This study will provide managers with a more complete understanding of YNP natural fire history, and the data will supplement the park's Geographic Information System (GIS) data base. Moreover, most of the study area was severely burned in 1988 and historical tree ring data soon will be lost to attrition of potential sample trees.

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On the history of the study of malignant tumors and the organization of the cancer service in Kazakhstan

Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana ◽

10.52532/2663-4864-2020-2-56-34-37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 34-37

Author(s):

А. К. DYNYAK

Keyword(s):

Malignant Tumors ◽

Cancer Etiology ◽

Growth Trend ◽

Cancer Service ◽

Historical Method ◽

Relevant Today ◽

Long Time ◽

History Of ◽

Xix Century

Relevance: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov once said, «Never grasp the next without mastering the previous.» Current scientific studies on cancer, and not only cancer, make little use of the historical method. However, the analysis of an issue in the dynamics of historical development contributes to better understanding and making sound decisions. The materials on morbidity, mortality, the history of cancer research, and the development of the cancer service in Kazakhstan contribute to the formation of historical thinking and erudition. The purpose of the study was to analyze the cancer incidence in Kazakhstan based on the materials of scientific works of N.F. Kramchaninov of 1960-1970s and to uncover the directions and results relevant today. Results: Kazakhstani scientists have actively and fruitfully participated in the study of cancer epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and prevention. Cancer diseases have been reported starting from the XIX century, with a constant growth trend. The role of UV rays in skin cancer etiology was studied for a long time and in detail; specific preventive measures were proposed. Conclusion: The results obtained by researchers of past years deserve a thorough analysis, use in current conditions, and further research.

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