scholarly journals The Privacy Mismatch: Evolved Intuitions in a Digital World

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Azim Shariff ◽  
Joe Green ◽  
William Jettinghoff
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Online Privacy ◽  
Privacy Threats ◽  
Evolutionary Mismatch ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Privacy Paradox ◽  
The One

Although people report grave concern over their data privacy, they take little care to protect it. We suggest that this privacy paradox can be understood in part as the consequence of an evolutionary mismatch: Privacy intuitions evolved in an environment that was radically different from the one found online. This evolved privacy psychology leaves people disconnected from the consequence of online privacy threats.

The Death of the Data Subject

2021 ◽  
pp. 174387212110493
Author(s):  
Gordon Hull
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Legal Standing ◽  
Legal Accountability ◽  
The One ◽  
Recognition Software ◽  
Corporate Liability ◽  
Data Subject ◽  
Central Claim

This paper situates the data privacy debate in the context of what I call the death of the data subject. My central claim is that concept of a rights-bearing data subject is being pulled in two contradictory directions at once, and that simultaneous attention to these is necessary to understand and resist the extractive practices of the data industry. Specifically, it is necessary to treat the problems facing the data subject structurally, rather than by narrowly attempting to vindicate its rights. On the one hand, the data industry argues that subjects of biometric identification lack legal standing to pursue claims in court, and Facebook recently denied that that its facial recognition software recognizes faces. On the other hand, industry takes consent to terms of service and arbitration clauses to create enforceable legal subject positions, while using promises of personalization to create a phenomenological subject that is unaware of the extent to which it is being manipulated. Data subjects thus have no legal existence when it is a matter of corporate liability, but legal accountability when it is a matter of their own liability. Successful reform should address the power asymmetries between individuals and data companies that enable this structural disempowerment.

Friend or Foe? Regional Newspapers and the Power of Facebook

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy Hess ◽  
Kathryn Bowd
Keyword(s):  
Digital World ◽  
Comparison Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Newspapers ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Online Spaces ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Access Information ◽  
The One ◽  
Digital Landscape

This article examines how some regional newspapers in Australia are engaging with the social media juggernaut Facebook, and looks at the effects of this on their relationships with audiences in a digital world. We highlight how terms such as friend' and ‘community’ mask complex power struggles taking place across these two media platforms. On the one hand, Facebook can facilitate public conversation and widen the options for journalists to access information; on the other, it has become a competitor as news outlets struggle to find a business model for online spaces. We suggest that newspapers and journalists are facing challenges in navigating the complexities of a platform that crosses public/private domains at a time when the nature of ‘private’ and ‘public’ is being contested. The article adopts a ‘pooled case comparison’ approach, drawing on data from two separate Australian studies that examine regional newspapers in a digital landscape. The research draws on interviews with journalists and editors in Australia across three states, and on focus groups and interviews with newspaper readers in Victoria.

Policy for Mobile Devices to Access Grid Infrastructure

2012 ◽  
pp. 1593-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Munir ◽  
Lawan A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Mobile Computing Environment ◽  
Access Grid ◽  
The One ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
Intelligent Positioning

Mobile devices are gradually becoming prevalent in our daily life, enabling users in the physical world to interact with the digital world conveniently. Mobile devices increasingly offer functionality beyond the one provided by traditional resources processor, memory and applications. This includes, for example, integrated multimedia equipment, intelligent positioning systems, and different kinds of integrated or accessible sensors. For future generation grids to be truly ubiquitous we must find ways to compensate for the limitations inherent in these devices and integrate them into the grid, in order to leverage available resources and broaden the range of supplied services. On the other hand, most of mobile devices do not have the sufficient capabilities to be either direct clients or services in the grid environment. The existing middleware platforms like Globus do not fully address mobility, yet extending the potential of the Grid to a wider audience promises increase in its flexibility and productivity. This chapter looks into design architecture for mobile computing environment. Focus is given to security and its policies that will enhance the performance of grid computing in terms of secure design, architecture, accessibility, and mobility.

Challenges of Developing AI Applications in the Evolving Digital World and Recommendations to Mitigate Such Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Vaidyanathan ◽  
Madhumitha Sivakumar ◽  
Baskaran Kaliamourthy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Data Scarcity ◽  
Digital World

These intelligence in the systems are not organic but programmed. In spite of being extensively used, they suffer from setbacks that are to be addressed to expand their usage and a sense of trust in humans. This chapter focuses on the different hurdles faced during the course of adopting the technology namely data privacy, data scarcity, bias, unexplainable Blackbox nature of AI, etc. Techniques like adversarial forgetting, federated learning approach are providing promising results to address various issues like bias, data privacy are being researched widely to check their competency to mitigate these problems. Hardware advancements and the need for enhancing the skillset in the artificial intelligence domain are also elucidated. Recommendations to resolve each major challenge faced are also addressed in this chapter to give an idea about the areas that need improvement.

Shaping the Welfare Society: Unleashing Transformation Through ICT-Enabled Social Innovation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Misuraca ◽  
Giulio Pasi
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Welfare Society ◽  
The Future ◽  
Resilient Communities ◽  
The One

This chapter is set to provoke a debate on how to envision the future of welfare systems, with a specific focus on the European society. To this end, building on the discussion of the man trends and implications of the digital transformation on social protection systems, an institutional perspective to navigate through the social innovation narrative emerged in the last decade, with a particular attention to the role of Information and Communication Technologies to shape a new generation of social services and design policies to foster more resilient communities is proposed. The chapter goes on debating the drivers of change and possible governance innovation mechanisms required for addressing the macro-trends identified and defines two main dimensions of impact directing the future social development of our societies. These will be characterized by the trade-off between stability and change on the one side, and openness and engagement in the digital world. Within this context solidarity and collaboration emerge as key values upon which welfare production mechanisms will be built and resulting in a mix of welfare arrangements based on competition, cooperation and partnership models. The resulting scenarios are then presented, depicting four possible future welfare systems as thought-provoking proposals. While the Collaborative Multi-Layer-Nested Welfare Model represents somehow the ideal scenario to which we should aspire, how to reach such a future is not easy to be answered. Some suggestions are however outlined in the conclusions of the chapter, where it emerges clear that new governance systems and a profound institutional redesign are needed to address old and new societal challenges and make sure that collectively we can build a more resilient welfare society, where solidarity, openness and cohesion are the keyword for a renewed inclusive growth, which take advantage of the potential of digital technologies combined with social innovation and innovative financial mechanisms.

Privacy Preserving Big Data Publishing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1281-1298
Author(s):  
Nancy Victor ◽  
Daphne Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Data Publishing ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Distributed Framework

Data privacy plays a noteworthy part in today's digital world where information is gathered at exceptional rates from different sources. Privacy preserving data publishing refers to the process of publishing personal data without questioning the privacy of individuals in any manner. A variety of approaches have been devised to forfend consumer privacy by applying traditional anonymization mechanisms. But these mechanisms are not well suited for Big Data, as the data which is generated nowadays is not just structured in manner. The data which is generated at very high velocities from various sources includes unstructured and semi-structured information, and thus becomes very difficult to process using traditional mechanisms. This chapter focuses on the various challenges with Big Data, PPDM and PPDP techniques for Big Data and how well it can be scaled for processing both historical and real-time data together using Lambda architecture. A distributed framework for privacy preservation in Big Data by combining Natural language processing techniques is also proposed in this chapter.

Children learning to read in a digital world

First Monday ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirit Barzillai ◽  
Jenny M. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Digital Text ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Children’s earliest experiences of written language increasingly involve digital text — on phones, tablets and computers. This shift has triggered worry about the potential harm to children’s ability to read in a deep, focused manner on the one hand, and optimism for the potential of technology to support reading among different groups on the other.In this article, we explore research evidence concerning the impact of digital text on children’s developing literacy skills. Our review advocates the need for a more nuanced understanding regarding the challenges and potential of digital environments and highlights the uniqueness of each child’s digital reading experience.

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