The Future of SAARC Depends on Economic Cooperation

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
S.K. Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The Future

Can an Entrance Fee Solve the Migration Problem? Probably Not

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
Jörg Althammer ◽  
Maximilian Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Pricing System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Migratory Movements

Abstract Refugee and poverty migration is one of the key challenges developed Western societies are facing. Due to the unstable political situation in many parts of the world and the lasting high differences in development between the economies, these migratory movements will continue to increase in the future. In order to channel immigrants, the authors suggest that migrants must pay an entry premium to obtain a permanent right of residence.We criticize this proposal from both an ethical and an economic perspective. We argue that a pricing system is neither ethically legitimate nor economically sensible. In order to meet the challenges of migration, a fundamental change in economic cooperation between developed and less developed economies is more appropriate.

Organization for European Economic Cooperation

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-305
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
German Federal Republic ◽  
Special Position ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Future

Council: The Council of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) met on May 5 and 6, 1954, and agreed on the basis of a compromise settlement of the extreme creditor and debtor problem in the European Payments Union (EPU). The settlement provided that 1) accumulated debts should be paid over a period of time; 2) debtors should in the future limit to a minimum their resort to EPU resources; 3) the rules of payment should remain unaltered; 4) if the German Federal Republic or other creditors increased their surpluses in EPU, they should extend further credit, but receive some compensation from the EPU dollar reserve; and 5) the special position of Germany should be dealt with. According to press reports, the settlement had averted the danger that the United Kingdom and Germany would withdraw from EPU. The Council, which also decided that EPU should be renewed for another year after June 30, 1954, referred the matter of further details of the settlement to the managing board of EPU. Other actions taken by the Council during its May meeting included the following: 1) recommendations to France that it abolish the compensatory taxes on imports which it had introduced along with certain measures of trade liberalization, and increase trade liberalization to 75 percent by November 1, 1954, instead of to the 65 percent which it had promised; 2) recommendations to the steering board that it submit, as soon as possible, “concrete proposals” for the abolition of artificial measures designed to aid exporters; and 3) the establishment of a ministerial group to examine the problems which would arise if a “number of countries” re-established convertibility.

Organization for European Economic Cooperation

1951 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-636
Keyword(s):  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
National Programs ◽  
Recovery Program ◽  
Common Future ◽  
Made In

Contrary to the first two annual reports of OEEC which had concentrated on an analysis of national programs and common future policy both within the structure of the organization and beyond the end of the program, the third report of OEEC did not draw to any large extent upon individual national programs for the future, nor attempt to describe in detail future problems and action. The report presented an account of the achievements of the western European economy since the inception of the recovery program and of the progress made in stimulating economic cooperation. The problems of the immediate future were discussed in qualitative terms.

scholarly journals Steps to Establish International Radio Quiet Zones

2001 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 271-271
Author(s):  
Harvey Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Radio Telescopes ◽  
The Future ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
First Results

Future radio telescopes will feature large increases in sensitivity, not only to celestial sources but also to man-made interference. In addition, they will need to measure spectral lines as a function of redshift and hence observe at arbitrary frequencies. Current international regulations governing the use of the radio spectrum are in principle inappropriate to these science-driven needs. There are still a few places on Earth that are relatively interference-free, but the coming generation of telecommunications satellites in low orbit will compromise even those sites. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has recently sponsored a working group on the future of radio astronomy, which recommended that the possibility of establishing one or more formally recognized International Radio Quiet Zones (IRQZ) be studied seriously. First results of that effort will be discussed.

Formation and development of diplomatic and trade economic cooperation between Russia and Central American countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
M. Torshin ◽  
Y. Gerasimova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Central American ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Regional Association ◽  
The Future

The article is devoted to the relations of Russia with the regional association Central American Integration System (Spanish: SICA). The features of formation and development of Russia's integration policy in SICA are briefly revealed. The positive dynamics of this process is traced. The most promising areas for the future cooperation are identified.

scholarly journals CONTEMPORARY EXPERT DEBATES ON THE SCO-RELATED ISSUES

2016 ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
I. E. Denisov ◽  
I. A. Safranchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Energy Issues

Since its establishment the SCO has always attracted a lot of expert attention. The SCO Forum was founded in 2006 to bring together for annual debates experts from all member-states. Within this format in-depth discussions took place in April 2016 in Dushanbe, which hosted this year conference of the SCO Forum. Participating experts and officials reviewed problems of security, economic cooperation (including transport and water-energy issues) and SCO enlargement, the latter being one of the most debatable. Experts presented some new thesis on all these problems, in particular on the enlargement issue. These new thesis are summed up in this article. Besides, the SCO Forum this year had many statements on the organization approaching a sort of new phase in its development. This line of discussions may lead in the future to even more active debates on SCO's role in the world. This article puts emphasis on the new elements of these debates and reviews major experts' attitudes within this line of discussion on the SCO being in front of a new stage of development.

scholarly journals IS THERE STILL A FUTURE TO THE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS?

2018 ◽  
pp. 105-130
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Regional Trade Agreements ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Member States ◽  
Positive Economic ◽  
The Future

Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), are Treaties between two or more states to liberalize mutual trade or other economic relations. Among such RTAs the European Union is the largest one and most complex, including 28 member states with developed high levels of trade, monetary and economic cooperation in 2018. Generally RTAs follow the idea that more free trade and more liberal environment for other economic cooperation activities among the integrated states create an environment enabling additional and accelerated economic growth of member states, together with some other positive structural and economic gains. After1992 the number of newly registered RTAs with GATT and later with WTO started to increase very fast in comparison to the entire period after the WW II. In May 2018 all WTO registered active RTAs reached the number of 287. The number of active RTA evidently exceeds the number of all world’s states. The number of 287 active RTAs suggests that at least some states participate in more than one form of RTA. Such fact further strongly suggests that at least before 2017 there was globally developed an intensive interest among states to join or create one or another form of the RTA. The growth of registered and active RTAs in the last 25 or so years confirms realization of the theoretically predicted positive economic impacts of the RTAs on the member states economic achievements. However Mr. Trump, as the actual President of the USA, started to question expected positive economic gains of the existing RTAs. The policy of unilateral increases of USA’simport tariffs introduced by new USA administration presents open violation of the WTO trading rules. The USA’s discriminatory trade policy has been further extended by the decided that USA has to exit from its existing RTAs. USA’s decision of dismantling of the existing RTAs creates questions about their real economic efficiency and generally about the future of such international trade agreements. The process and actions after the dismantling and renegotiating of the USA’s RTA with Mexico and Canada, known as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA, established Jan.1, 1994) produce some insight into the weaknesses and into the potential changes of the future RTAs. In the paper we analyse expected economic gains and eventual disadvantages of the RTAs for the member states. The expected end of NAFTA and creation of a new trade agreement between USA, Mexico and Canada are analysed with the purpose to develop insights into the probable future existence and reforms of the RTAs in the global economy.

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