An Alternative Analysis of Scale Data: A Marketing Application

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
Pooja Sengupta ◽  
Himadri Roy Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Alternative Analysis ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Marketing Application ◽  
Graded Response ◽  
Development Evaluation

The idea of materialism is one of the most important in modern consumer behaviour literature. In this article we have attempted at studying this component using the celebrated Richins and Dawson (1992) scale, where the required data has been collected using the standard instrument. This data is analyzed with the help of the mechanisms of item response theory (IRT). Specifically the graded response model has been used to analyze and get an insight into the problem of subjective well-being. Item response theory is an increasingly popular approach for development, evaluation and administration of psychological measures. We have used in this article one of the three IRT fundamentals, namely, the item response functions. We next illustrate how IRT modelling can be put to use to analyze the data collected in the study of the judgement component of subjective well-being. To that end, we have used the grm() function available in R. The results obtained are thereafter interpreted.

Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS): Measurement Invariance Across Genders And Item Response Theory Examination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Marmara ◽  
Daniel Zarate ◽  
Jeremy Vassallo ◽  
Rhiannon Patten ◽  
Vasileios Stavropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background: The Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) is a measure of subjective well-being and assesses eudemonic and hedonic aspects of well-being. However, differential scoring of the WEMWBS across gender and its precision of measurement has not been examined. The present study assesses the psychometric properties of the WEMWBS using Measurement Invariance (MI) between males and females and Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses. Method: A community sample of 386 adults from the United States of America (USA), United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada were assessed online (N = 394, 54.8% men, 43.1% women, Mage = 27.48, SD = 5.57). Results: MI analyses observed invariance across males and females at the configural level and metric level but non-invariance at the scalar level. The graded response model conducted to observe item properties indicated that all items demonstrated, although variable, sufficient discrimination capacity.Conclusions: Gender comparisons based on WEMWBS scores should be cautiously interpreted for specific items that demonstrate different scalar scales and similar scores indicate different severity. The items showed increased reliability for latent levels of ∓ 2 SD from the mean level of SWB. The WEMWBS may also not perform well for clinically low and high levels of SWB. Including assessments for clinical cases may optimise the use of the WEMWBS.

Item Response Theory

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Reise ◽  
Andrew T. Ainsworth ◽  
Mark G. Haviland
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Popular Approach ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Evaluation

Item response theory (IRT) is an increasingly popular approach to the development, evaluation, and administration of psychological measures. We introduce, first, three IRT fundamentals: (a) item response functions, (b) information functions, and (c) invariance. We next illustrate how IRT modeling can improve the quality of psychological measurement. Available evidence suggests that the differences between IRT and traditional psychometric methods are not trivial; IRT applications can improve the precision and validity of psychological research across a wide range of subjects.

scholarly journals Validation of Subjective Well-Being Measures Using Item Response Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Al Nima ◽  
Kevin M. Cloninger ◽  
Björn N. Persson ◽  
Sverker Sikström ◽  
Danilo Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Response Theory

scholarly journals Validation of the Workplace Integrated Safety and Health (WISH) assessment in a sample of nursing homes using Item Response Theory (IRT) methods

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e045656
Author(s):  
María Andrée López Gómez ◽  
Daniel A Gundersen ◽  
Leslie I Boden ◽  
Glorian Sorensen ◽  
Jeffrey N Katz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Worker Health ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Usa

ObjectivesTo validate and test the dimensionality of six constructs from the Workplace Integrated Safety and Health (WISH) assessment, an instrument that assesses the extent to which organisations implement integrated systems approaches for protecting and promoting worker health, safety and well-being, in a sample of nursing homes in the USA.DesignValidation of an assessment scale using data from a cross-sectional survey.SettingNursing homes certified by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare services in three states of the USA: Ohio, California and Massachusetts.Participants569 directors of nursing from nursing homes serving adults and with more than 30 beds participated in the study.ResultsGraded response Item Response Theory (IRT) models showed that five out of six constructs were unidimensional based on balanced interpretation of model fit statistics—M2 or C2 with p value >0.05, Comparative Fit Index >0.95, lower bound of the root mean squared error of approximation 90% CI <0.06 and standardised root mean square residual <0.08. Overall measure and construct reliability ranged from acceptable to good. Category boundary location parameters indicated that items were most informative for respondents in lower range of latent scores (ie, β1, β2, β3 typically below 0). A few items were recommended to be dropped from future administrations of the instrument based on empirical and substantive interpretation.ConclusionsThe WISH instrument has utility to understand to what extent organisations integrate protection and promotion of worker health, safety and well-being; however, it is most informative in organisations that present lower scores.

scholarly journals A Multidimensional Item Response Theory Model for Continuous and Graded Responses With Error in Persons and Items

2021 ◽  
pp. 001316442199841
Author(s):  
Pere J. Ferrando ◽  
David Navarro-González
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Continuous Response ◽  
Graded Responses ◽  
Graded Response ◽  
Continuous Responses ◽  
Differential Measurement Error

Item response theory “dual” models (DMs) in which both items and individuals are viewed as sources of differential measurement error so far have been proposed only for unidimensional measures. This article proposes two multidimensional extensions of existing DMs: the M-DTCRM (dual Thurstonian continuous response model), intended for (approximately) continuous responses, and the M-DTGRM (dual Thurstonian graded response model), intended for ordered-categorical responses (including binary). A rationale for the extension to the multiple-content-dimensions case, which is based on the concept of the multidimensional location index, is first proposed and discussed. Then, the models are described using both the factor-analytic and the item response theory parameterizations. Procedures for (a) calibrating the items, (b) scoring individuals, (c) assessing model appropriateness, and (d) assessing measurement precision are finally discussed. The simulation results suggest that the proposal is quite feasible, and an illustrative example based on personality data is also provided. The proposals are submitted to be of particular interest for the case of multidimensional questionnaires in which the number of items per scale would not be enough for arriving at stable estimates if the existing unidimensional DMs were fitted on a separate-scale basis.

Using Item Response Theory Models to Evaluate the Practice Environment Scale

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Raju ◽  
Xiaogang Su ◽  
Patricia A. Patrician
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Partial Credit Model ◽  
Practice Environment ◽  
Partial Credit ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Environment Scale ◽  
Graded Response ◽  
Item Response Theory Models

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this article is to introduce different types of item response theory models and to demonstrate their usefulness by evaluating the Practice Environment Scale. Methods: Item response theory models such as constrained and unconstrained graded response model, partial credit model, Rasch model, and one-parameter logistic model are demonstrated. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) indices are used as model selection criterion. Results: The unconstrained graded response and partial credit models indicated the best fit for the data. Almost all items in the instrument performed well. Conclusions: Although most of the items strongly measure the construct, there are a few items that could be eliminated without substantially altering the instrument. The analysis revealed that the instrument may function differently when administered to different unit types.

scholarly journals Item Response Theory Analysis of ADHD Symptoms in Children With and Without ADHD

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Li ◽  
Steven P. Reise ◽  
Andrea Chronis-Tuscano ◽  
Amori Yee Mikami ◽  
Steve S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Latent Trait ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Item Response Theory Analysis ◽  
Graded Response ◽  
Moderate Range

Item response theory (IRT) was separately applied to parent- and teacher-rated symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from a pooled sample of 526 six- to twelve-year-old children with and without ADHD. The dimensional structure ADHD was first examined using confirmatory factor analyses, including the bifactor model. A general ADHD factor and two group factors, representing inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive dimensions, optimally fit the data. Using the graded response model, we estimated discrimination and location parameters and information functions for all 18 symptoms of ADHD. Parent- and teacher-rated symptoms demonstrated adequate discrimination and location values, although these estimates varied substantially. For parent ratings, the test information curve peaked between −2 and +2 SD, suggesting that ADHD symptoms exhibited excellent overall reliability at measuring children in the low to moderate range of the general ADHD factor, but not in the extreme ranges. Similar results emerged for teacher ratings, in which the peak range of measurement precision was from −1.40 to 1.90 SD. Several symptoms were comparatively more informative than others; for example, is often easily distracted (“Distracted”) was the most informative parent- and teacher-rated symptom across the latent trait continuum. Clinical implications for the assessment of ADHD as well as relevant considerations for future revisions to diagnostic criteria are discussed.

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