scholarly journals Clinical programs, social justice and transformation through student learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Lindsey Stevenson-Graf
Keyword(s):  
Transformative Learning ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Disorienting Dilemmas ◽  
Missing Middle

This article considers whether different types of Clinical Legal Education (CLE) programs have the same potential to provide a transformative learning experience for students. The author uses Mezirow’s theory to postulate that, although addressing a societal need, ‘missing middle’ Clinical Legal Education programs – those that assist middle-income Australians – may not provide the necessary environment, including an environment ripe for ‘disorienting dilemmas’, for transformative learning. After a comparison of missing middle clinics in Australia and poverty law clinics in the United States of America (US), the author suggests that disorienting dilemmas may only be offered by Clinical Legal Education programs aimed at assisting society’s most vulnerable people.

scholarly journals German-speaking medical students on international electives: an analysis of popular elective destinations and disciplines

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Andreas Storz ◽  
Ann-Kathrin Lederer ◽  
Eric Pieter Heymann
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Framework Development

Abstract Background International medical electives are a well-established part of the curriculum of many western medical schools. It is widely accepted that these electives contribute to improved clinical examination and communication skills. Overseas electives also exert a strong influence over future career decisions and often pave the way for later international work. Whilst the positive outcomes are known, little information exists regarding elective preferences and destinations overall, information that could help optimise a safe learning experience and maximise the potential for one of the highlights of medical education. In order to obtain analytical data that could assist medical elective framework development, we systematically reviewed the two largest German online databases cataloguing abroad elective testimonies. Results We identified 856 overseas elective reports uploaded within the last five years. European destinations were the most sought-after choice among German-speaking medical students. Interest in abroad electives in the United States (U.S.), a traditionally popular destination, was much lower than expected. U.S. elective reports accounted for only 3 % of long-term electives. Electives in low- and middle-income countries were generally less popular than electives in high-income countries. General surgery was the most popular elective discipline, followed by Emergency Medicine and Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Conclusions We observed a large inhomogeneity in German-speaking medical students’ elective choices, potentially influenced by financial and organizational aspects as well as geopolitical developments. This highlights a crucial challenge for medical schools and other organizations involved in elective planning. In light of regional differences, our data suggest that a “one size fits all” preparation is not pertinent to optimize students’ elective experience. Country- or region-specific pre-departure trainings and more individualized elective frameworks might be necessary to address these differences and to ensure a safe learning experience for students.

scholarly journals Nostalgia for the Lost Homeland as Part of Identity in Alė Rūta’s Works

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Ingrida Eglė Žindžiuvienė
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Native Land ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

The article examines the representation of nostalgic memory of the lost homeland, Lithuania, in the Lithuanian diaspora writer’s, Alė Rūta’s (1915-2011), trilogy called “The Destiny of the Exiled”, which consists of the novels Pirmieji svetur (1984; Eng. - The First Abroad), Daigynas (1987; Eng. – The Seedling Plot), and Skamba tolumoj (1997; Eng. Echoes from Afar). These novels describe the multilayered problems of Lithuanian immigration into the U.S.A. and life of the immigrants there. Alė Rūta (Elena Nakaitė-Arbienė) is a well-known Lithuanian author, most of whose works (novels and collections of short stories and poems, all written in the Lithuanian language) have been published by the publishers of Lithuanian diaspora in the United States of America. The trauma of the loss of the native land results in the transmitted nostalgia in her novels. The author both mourns over the lost homeland and shares with the readers her grief over this loss and longing for seeing it again. In doing this, Alė Rūta echoes the nostalgic voices of many immigrants, who left their native country at different periods. The article also discusses the issue of preservation of ethnic identity, which is constructed on nostalgic and often melancholic memories of the past, and explores different types of nostalgia, which forms a core of Alė Rūta’s trilogy.

scholarly journals Ethics Issues in Social Media–Based HIV Prevention in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHINGCHE J. CHIU ◽  
LUIS MENACHO ◽  
CELIA FISHER ◽  
SEAN D. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract:Questions have been raised regarding participants’ safety and comfort when participating in e-health education programs. Although researchers have begun to explore this issue in the United States, little research has been conducted in low- and middle-income countries, where Internet and social media use is rapidly growing. This article reports on a quantitative study with Peruvian men who have sex with men who had previously participated in the Harnessing Online Peer Education (HOPE) program, a Facebook-based HIV education program. The survey assessed participants’ ethics-relevant perspectives during recruitment, consent, intervention, and follow-up.

Graduate Study Abroad

2016 ◽  
pp. 514-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Dirkx ◽  
Kristin A. Janka ◽  
Julie Sinclair ◽  
Gina R. Vizvary
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transformative Learning Theory ◽  
Graduate Study ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Complex Integration ◽  
Multiple Frames

Graduate-level study abroad represents an important and expanding dimension of efforts to internationalize Higher Education (HE) in the United States (US). Graduate study abroad represents a kind of learning experience that is informed by its location within graduate education. Using transformative learning theory, the authors conducted a qualitative study of 52 doctoral students who participated in study abroad programs in four countries. The findings suggest that students use multiple frames to make sense of these experiences and can be characterized as academic, relational, or deep. These frames reflect varying levels of engagement of the student's self, indicating a complex integration of the personal and professional in the study abroad experience. Analysis of narratives suggests that the dominant impact of the experiences was an expansion of the students' sociolinguistic awareness. Few students provided narratives indicating reflection on and questioning of their psychological frames of reference, suggesting possible constraints of the overall program design, pedagogy, or both.

Law Librarianship as a Profession in the United States of America

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
John S. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Professional Law ◽  
Law Library

The performance of duties which law librarians consider professional varies in quantity and in quality among different types of law libraries. It is hoped that this small paper will reflect these differences and yet provide information typical enough of American librarians to provide an adequate picture for comparison. Noting the essential differences, this paper will briefly describe the organization of professional law librarians in their jobs and in their relationships with other librarians, their educational status and requirements, and other indicia of professionalism which affect their status. It will undoubtedly reflect the biases of a librarian from a university law library.

scholarly journals Viewership footprint for a low-resource, student-centred collaborative video platform to teach Orthopaedics in Southern Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Stephanus Wever ◽  
Ian Elliott ◽  
Jeannie McCaul ◽  
Maritz Laubscher ◽  
Robert N Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Local Content ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Collaborative Video

Abstract Introduction Institutions are increasingly using technology to augment the class learning experience of medical students. Especially in Africa, local content is key to allow insights and knowledge to emerge and build transformative capacity for students and patients. There is currently no peer-reviewed video content produced to provide insight into Orthopaedic conditions for medical students and patients in this region. Our goal was to evaluate the demographic and geographic viewership as well as video-specific statistics of orthopaedic teaching videos for medical students on a YouTube channel, with the expressed aim of informing future content production. Methods Videos were produced by local medical students for their in problem-based collaborative projects. Student-owned smartphones and various free video editing software were used to produce these videos, which were then assessed by a group of orthopaedic specialists and uploaded onto a Youtube channel (UCTeach). The analytic reports of this channel generated by Google and YouTube were analysed regarding watch time per day (minutes), average view duration (minutes), most watched videos, top geographies, age, and gender. Results A total of 83 videos of the UCTeachOrtho Channel where uploaded in a two year period with a total watch time of 857 062 minutes and 337 983 views. The majority of viewers where between the ages 18 and 34 years (85%). India had the most views (n=69,089) followed by the United States (n=66,257) and South Africa (n=21,882). Most of the videos where watched on mobile phones (n= 183,299) and computers (n=128,228). The most watched video was produced in April 2016 on physiological and pathological gait with 51,314 views. Conclusion Our study highlights that a low-cost collaborative video project can lead to high view counts and watch time on YouTube, and is accessible to an audience in low and middle income countries. Student-centred local content in orthopaedic surgery also reached a global audience consistently over a two-year period.

scholarly journals THE FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A COMPANY AND ITS DIRECTORS

Obiter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindi Coetzee ◽  
Jan-Louis van Tonder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Court Interpreting ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Numerus Clausus ◽  
A Company

The fiduciary relationship that exists between a company and its directors is a universal concept. Section 5(2) of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 provides that, to the extent appropriate, a court interpreting or applying the provisions of the 2008 Act may consider foreign company law. This article examines the meaning of the word “fiduciary”, when a fiduciary relationship comes into existence, the characteristics of a fiduciary relationship, the meaning of the term “director”, different “types” of directors and discusses to whom the duties are owed. The nature of the fiduciary relationship in Australia and the State of Delaware in the United States of America is briefly compared with that of South Africa to identify similarities and differences. The research proposes a set of characteristics that can be considered when deciding whether a fiduciary relationship exists. The article does not propose that the set of characteristics identified must constitute a numerus clausus.

scholarly journals Confirmación de la distribución de Notiosorex crawfordi en Hidalgo, México.

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Lombera Nopal ◽  
Violeta Canales Almaraz ◽  
Maricela López Mejía ◽  
Génesis Mejía Vera ◽  
Jesús Castillo-Cerón
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
New Records ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Nuevo Leon ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Nuevo León ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Localities

We added four recent records from three new localities for the desert shrew Notiosorex crawfordi, in the Mexican state of Hidalgo. The distribution commonly accepted for this shrew occupies the southern part of the United States of America, and the neighboring region of Northern Mexico (Baja California Norte and Sur, Sonora, Chihuahua, Colima, Tamaulipas, Sinaloa, Durango and Zacatecas). The records confirm the existence of the species in the state and extend its distribution until the municipality of Tetepango, 31 km to SW of the Grutas de Xoxafi and through the municipality of Tulancingo de Bravo, 75.8 km SE of the Grutas de Xoxafi, and 542 km south of the southernmost records recognized in Nuevo Leon. These records come to give certainty of the existence of this species in Hidalgo, since the scarce records and the great distance to the next known accepted locality (3 km SW Galeana, Nuevo Leon). The record most resent was obtained at 2001, and the scarce records made the presence of N. crawfordi in Hidalgo seem uncertain. The new records are located in areas in which developed different types of xeric scrublands, vegetation in which inhabits this shrew commonly. The existence of Notiosorex in Hidalgo will can pass unnoticed because this shrew is considered rare and difficult to capture.

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