Disseminated mycosis in a killer whale (Orcinus orca)

Hematological findings in a female killer whale ( Orcinus orca) undergoing rehabilitation after sudden severe anorexia revealed continuing increases in serum lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase activities as well as fibrinogen concentration. Serologic evidence of herpesvirus infection and skin vesicles were detected 2 weeks into the treatment regimen of antibiotics and corticosteroids. The whale showed signs of improvement after treatment with anti-herpesvirus drugs, but sudden severe anorexia reappeared, along with marked elevation of fibrinogen concentration that continued until the death. Postmortem examination revealed multiple light tan foci of necrosis in the skeletal and cardiac muscles, and lung consolidation. Microscopic findings indicated disseminated fungal granulomas in the skeletal and cardiac muscles, as well as myocarditis, mycotic embolic thromboarteritis of cardiac blood vessels, and bronchopneumonia with numerous typical Aspergillus-like fungi. Mucor-like structures in granulomas in the heart and skeletal muscle and Aspergillus-like fungi in the lungs were identified using periodic acid–Schiff, Gomori methenamine silver stain, and immunohistochemistry. The present case involves dual infection with Mucor and Aspergillus species in a killer whale with concurrent herpesvirus.

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Deep learning-based transformation of H&E stained tissues into special stains

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-25221-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kevin de Haan ◽

Yijie Zhang ◽

Jonathan E. Zuckerman ◽

Tairan Liu ◽

Anthony E. Sisk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Inspection ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Needle Core Biopsy ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Tissue Sections ◽

Biopsy Tissue ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin

AbstractPathology is practiced by visual inspection of histochemically stained tissue slides. While the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is most commonly used, special stains can provide additional contrast to different tissue components. Here, we demonstrate the utility of supervised learning-based computational stain transformation from H&E to special stains (Masson’s Trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff and Jones silver stain) using kidney needle core biopsy tissue sections. Based on the evaluation by three renal pathologists, followed by adjudication by a fourth pathologist, we show that the generation of virtual special stains from existing H&E images improves the diagnosis of several non-neoplastic kidney diseases, sampled from 58 unique subjects (P = 0.0095). A second study found that the quality of the computationally generated special stains was statistically equivalent to those which were histochemically stained. This stain-to-stain transformation framework can improve preliminary diagnoses when additional special stains are needed, also providing significant savings in time and cost.

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Actinomycotic Endomyometritis Associated with a Long-Term Use of Intrauterine Device Lasting for 42 Years

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove Czech Republic) ◽

10.14712/18059694.2019.44 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 35-38

Author(s):

Vladimír Bartoš ◽

Jana Doboszová ◽

Martin Sudek

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Device ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Microscopic Investigation ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Biopsy Material ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Large Round ◽

Methenamine Silver Stain

In women, pelvic actinomycosis is closely associated with prolonged use of the intrauterine devices (IUD). A 70-year old female presented with intermittent blood-stained vaginal discharge. An analysis of her history revealed, she was inserted with an IUD 42 years ago, but it has remained in situ untill now. Curettage of the uterus was done, but an IUD was firmly attached inside the cavity and there was not able to remove it. A biopsy material consisted of the large round and oval granules of filamentous and mycelium-like microorganisms. They showed strong positivity with Periodic acid–Schiff stain and Gömöri methenamine silver stain. Histopathology was consisted with uterine actinomycosis. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was performed. The uterus contained a retained plastic IUD. Microscopic investigation revealed a diffuse chronic active endomyometritis with sporadic Actinomycetes colonies. Wearing an IUD continuously for very long periods of time can lead to actinomycotic infection, which may manifest for many years after its application. All IUD users have to keep in mind regular gynecological check-ups to avoid the complications of a retained and “forgotten” IUD.

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Conjunctival Candidiasis Mimicking Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-691327/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiyu Peng ◽

Jiang Qian ◽

Yinan Han

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Maxillary Sinusitis ◽

Squamous Metaplasia ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Granulomatous Inflammation ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff

Abstract PurposeTo report a case of conjunctival candidiasis mimicking ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Case presentationA 71-year-old man presented with a history of persistent redness, swelling and watering in the left eye accompanying an enlarging mass in the conjunctiva. He underwent excisional biopsy which showed granulomatous inflammation accompanied by irregular and atypical squamous epithelium hyperplasia. Periodic acid-Schiff stain and methenamine silver stain revealed a fungi infection. Further secretion smear was performed to clarify the pathogen as Candida albicans and a chronic fungal maxillary sinusitis was found through imaging test. Thus a diagnosis of conjunctival candidiasis was made.ConclusionsConjunctivitis caused by fungi is rare and a trigger such as agriculture trauma, immunocompromise state, contact history to fungal environment or contaminated water or infection of adjacent organs occurs in most cases. We report the case not only to share diagnostic and treatment experience, but also describe the unique histopathological manifestation leading to a speculation that chronic fungal or candida albicans infection might induce squamous metaplasia.

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Report of the First Human Case of Lobomycosis in the United States

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.38.3.1283-1285.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 1283-1285 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Robert A. Burns ◽

J. Stephen Roy ◽

Cavan Woods ◽

Arvind A. Padhye ◽

David W. Warnock

Keyword(s):

Periodic Acid ◽

White Male ◽

High Water ◽

Giant Cells ◽

The United States ◽

Human Case ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Male Resident ◽

Methenamine Silver Stain

We describe the first human case of lobomycosis caused byLacazia loboi in a 42-year-old white male resident of Georgia. The patient had traveled to Venezuela 7 years earlier, where he had planned to rappel down Angel Falls in Canaima. Although he never actually rappelled the falls, he did walk under the falls at least three times, exposing himself to the high water pressures of the falls. He noticed a small pustule with surrounding erythema developing on the skin of his right chest wall. The lesion gradually increased in size and had an appearance of a keloid. For cosmetic reasons, the patient sought medical treatment to remove the lesion. After an uncomplicated excision of the lesion, the patient recovered completely. The excised tissue was fixed in formalin for pathologic examination. Tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff stain, and Gomori methenamine silver stain procedures showed numerous histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, and numerous globose or subglobose, lemon-shaped cells producing multiple blastoconidia connected by narrow tube-like connectors and catenate chains of various lengths characteristic of L. loboi.

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Mucin in Primary Liver Carcinomas: Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma or Variant Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1155/1996/808592 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 12-16

Author(s):

Shigeru Hirota ◽

Minoru Nomoto ◽

Sadahiro Hosobe ◽

Yutaka Aoyagi ◽

Hitoshi Asakura

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

University Hospital ◽

World Health ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma ◽

Health Organization ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the presence of mucin defines a combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma or merely a variant of usual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: From 1979-92, 124 cases of usual HCC were studied at Niigata University Hospital, Niigata City, Japan, and several affiliated hospitals. Histological diagnoses were determined according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Hematoxylin and eosin stain, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain, PAS stain after diastase digestion (D-PAS) and silver stain tests were performed. Cases containing D-PAS-positive substances were also stained by Alcian blue (AB) stain, high iron diamine (HID) stain and concanavaline A paradox-3 type (ConA3) stain. The classification of mucin was determined by AB, HID and ConA3 stains.RESULTS: Mucin was recognized in the area of HCC by mucin stains in 25 of 124 cases. Two forms of mucin existence were classified: extracellular and intracellular. Mucins were classified by histochemical stains into three types: sulfomucin, sialomucin and neutral mucin.CONCLUSIONS: According to the WHO histological classification of primary carcinoma of the liver, mucin existence is characteristic of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. But if mucin exists in morphologically usual HCC, it is better to diagnose it as a variant of HCC (with mucin) rather than as a combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma.

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Unusual morphology of amyloid cast nephropathy in renal biopsy portending poor prognosis

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2018-225899 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e225899

Author(s):

Meyyappa Devan Rajagopal ◽

Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh ◽

Sreejith Parameswaran ◽

Dhanin Puthiyottil

Keyword(s):

Plasma Cell ◽

Light Chain ◽

Unusual Case ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Plasma Cell Neoplasm ◽

Cast Nephropathy ◽

Polarised Light ◽

Distal Tubules

Light chain cast nephropathy is the most frequent form of renal disease in plasma cell neoplasm showing precipitation of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains in the lumen of the distal tubules. This has a typical morphological feature characterised by the presence of a fractured cast. In this article, we report an unusual case of light chain cast nephropathy exhibiting amyloidogenic potential with lamellated, spiculated appearance. These casts were positive for periodic acid–Schiff and Jones’ silver stain, fuchsinophilic in Masson trichrome stain and showed apple-green birefringence under polarised light in Congo red stain. Complete haematological evaluation confirmed the presence of underlying plasma cell myeloma. The connotation of intratubular amyloid cast lies in the fact that this may represent an early phenomenon during the development of light chain cast nephropathy-associated systemic amyloidosis and may precede the formation of light chain amyloid in renal or extrarenal location.

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Efficiency of neutral honey as a tissue fixative in histopathology

10.1101/2021.04.27.437988 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nasar Alwahaibi ◽

Buthaina Al Dhahli ◽

Halima Al Issaei ◽

Loai Al Wahaibi ◽

Shadia Al Sinawi

Keyword(s):

Periodic Acid ◽

Routine Laboratory ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Human Carcinogen ◽

Reticulin Fibers ◽

Weak Staining ◽

Methenamine Silver ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽

Methenamine Silver Stain

AbstractIn the routine laboratory, 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) is the fixative of choice. However, formalin is a human carcinogen. To the best of our knowledge, neutral honey, not natural or artificial honey, has not been tested to fix histological tissues. This study aimed to examine the efficiency of neutral buffered honey and other types of honey fixatives to fix histological tissues. The most two natural common Omani honey were used as fixatives, namely Sumar and date. We tested samples of rat liver, kidney, and stomach. Nine types of fixatives were used. All tissues were treated equally. The evaluation was performed blindly by three senior biomedical scientists who work in a histopathology laboratory. Hematoxylin and eosin showed adequate staining in all groups when compared to 10% NBF. The intensity and specificity of Jones Methenamine silver stain in 10% Sumer and Date honey and 10% alcoholic Sumer honey showed similar findings of 10% NBF. The specificity and intensity of all groups for Periodic acid–Schiff were comparable with 10% neutral buffered formalin accepts for 10% Sumer honey and 10% Alcoholic Date honey. However, all honey groups showed weak staining for the reticulin fibers using Gordon and Sweets method. Vimentin showed comparable findings with 10% NBF as there were no significant differences. The findings of this study are promising. Further in depth research on honey as a possible safe substitute fixative for formalin should be conducted.

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A case of equine abortion caused by Encephalitozoon sp.

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.55.2007.4.11 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 525-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

L. Szeredi ◽

A. Pospischil ◽

L. Dencső ◽

A. Mathis ◽

M. Dobos-Kovács

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Male Fetus ◽

Silver Stain ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Methenamine Silver ◽

Methenamine Silver Stain ◽

Fetal Organs ◽

Equine Abortion

A Lippizan mare aborted a male fetus a few days before the expected foaling date without showing any clinical sings. Focal lympho-histiocytic hepatitis in the foal and multiplex focal lympho-histiocytic villitis accompanied by villus necroses and marked hypertrophy of chorionic epithelial cells in the arcades were observed. Elongated nucleated organisms were seen in groups in vacuoles or solitarily located in the cytoplasm of the chorionic epithelial cells. The organisms were in large numbers and often extracellularly in areas of villitis and villus necroses. They were Gram-positive, stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Giemsa, weakly with Warthin-Starry silver stain but not with Gömöri’s methenamine-silver stain. By ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examinations, the organisms were identified as microsporidia belonging to the genus Encephalitozoon . No Encephalitozoon organisms were detected in the fetal organs. This is the first reported case of equine abortion induced by Encephalitozoon sp. in Europe. Although abortion induced by Encephalitozoon is rare, microsporidia should be considered a differential diagnosis for intracellular organisms observed in the chorionic epithelial cells of horses.

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Ultrastructure of the Parotid Gland of the Nine-Banded Armadillo

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080626 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

J. R. Ruby

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Acinar Cells ◽

Duct System ◽

Parotid Glands ◽

Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Thin Sections

Parotid glands were obtained from five adult (four male and one female) armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) which were perfusion-fixed. The glands were located in a position similar to that of most mammals. They extended interiorly to the anterior portion of the submandibular gland.In the light microscope, it was noted that the acini were relatively small and stained strongly positive with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue techniques, confirming the earlier results of Shackleford (1). Based on these qualities and other structural criteria, these cells have been classified as seromucous (2). The duct system was well developed. There were numerous intercalated ducts and intralobular striated ducts. The striated duct cells contained large amounts of PAS-positive substance.Thin sections revealed that the acinar cells were pyramidal in shape and contained a basally placed, slightly flattened nucleus (Fig. 1). The rough endoplasmic reticulum was also at the base of the cell.

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