scholarly journals Sebaceous cell differentiation in a canine oral papilloma

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du-Gyeong Gang ◽  
Cheul-Hyeon Sim ◽  
Tae-Je Lee ◽  
Joo-Yeon Kong ◽  
Il-Hwa Hong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Immunohistochemical Examination ◽  
Rare Finding ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Neoplastic Epithelium

Papillomas caused by viral infection are well-known tumors in animals. Microscopic features typically include neoplastic epithelium with hyperkeratosis and koilocytes. An 8-y-old castrated male Shih Tzu dog was presented with a small exophytic mass on the external upper lip. The mass was diagnosed as a viral papilloma based on microscopic and immunohistochemical examination. Sebaceous cell differentiation was found in the neoplastic epithelium of the tumor, which is a rare finding in humans or animals.

scholarly journals Role of PD-1 during effector CD8 T cell differentiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (18) ◽  
pp. 4749-4754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunseon Ahn ◽  
Koichi Araki ◽  
Masao Hashimoto ◽  
Weiyan Li ◽  
James L. Riley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
Lcmv Infection

PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) is the central inhibitory receptor regulating CD8 T cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection and cancer. Interestingly, PD-1 is also expressed transiently by activated CD8 T cells during acute viral infection, but the role of PD-1 in modulating T cell effector differentiation and function is not well defined. To address this question, we examined the expression kinetics and role of PD-1 during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of mice. PD-1 was rapidly up-regulated in vivo upon activation of naive virus-specific CD8 T cells within 24 h after LCMV infection and in less than 4 h after peptide injection, well before any cell division had occurred. This rapid PD-1 expression by CD8 T cells was driven predominantly by antigen receptor signaling since infection with a LCMV strain with a mutation in the CD8 T cell epitope did not result in the increase of PD-1 on antigen-specific CD8 T cells. Blockade of the PD-1 pathway using anti–PD-L1 or anti–PD-1 antibodies during the early phase of acute LCMV infection increased mTOR signaling and granzyme B expression in virus-specific CD8 T cells and resulted in faster clearance of the infection. These results show that PD-1 plays an inhibitory role during the naive-to-effector CD8 T cell transition and that the PD-1 pathway can also be modulated at this stage of T cell differentiation. These findings have implications for developing therapeutic vaccination strategies in combination with PD-1 blockade.

The Methylcytosine Dioxygenase TET2 Regulates CD8+ T Cell Memory Differentiation

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 3692-3692
Author(s):  
Shannon A. Carty ◽  
Mercy Gohil ◽  
Lauren B. Banks ◽  
Matthew E Johnson ◽  
Erietta Stelekati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell Memory ◽  
Acute Viral Infection ◽  
Memory Differentiation ◽  
Cd8 T Cell Memory

Abstract DNA methylation is one of the major epigenetic mechanisms that control T cell differentiation. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of methylcytosine dioxygenases converts 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other oxidized methylcytosines, intermediates in active DNA demethylation. Here we demonstrate that TET2 regulates CD8+ T cell differentiation in vivo following acute viral infection. At steady-state, mice with a T-cell specific deletion of TET2 have intact thymic and peripheral T cell populations. However, following acute viral infection with LCMV-Armstrong, TET2 loss promotes early acquisition of a memory CD8+ T cell fate in a cell-intrinsic manner without disrupting antigen-driven cell expansion or effector function. Integration of genome-wide methylation analysis and expression data suggest that TET2 loss leads to hypermethyation of the PRDM1 genomic locus (encoding Blimp-1) and alters the relative expression of Blimp-1 and Bcl-6, two antagonistic transcriptional repressors known to direct CD8+ T cell memory differentiation. Together, our data indicate that TET2 is an important regulator of CD8+ T cell fate decisions. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Mcl-1 regulates effector and memory CD8 T-cell differentiation during acute viral infection

Virology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 490 ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Ho Kim ◽  
Brandon Neldner ◽  
Jingang Gui ◽  
Ruth W. Craig ◽  
M. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
Acute Viral Infection ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cell

scholarly journals Notch ligand Delta-like 4 induces epigenetic regulation of Treg cell differentiation and function in viral infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1524-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-An Ting ◽  
Denise de Almeida Nagata ◽  
Andrew J Rasky ◽  
Carrie-Anne Malinczak ◽  
Ivan P Maillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Treg Cell ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Notch Ligand ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Activated iNKT Cells Promote Memory CD8+ T Cell Differentiation during Viral Infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e37991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma C. Reilly ◽  
Elizabeth A. Thompson ◽  
Sandrine Aspeslagh ◽  
Jack R. Wands ◽  
Dirk Elewaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
Inkt Cells ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cell

scholarly journals Morphologic analysis of periumbilical nevi

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Antonela-Anca Nicolau ◽  
Mariana Așchie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrate ◽  
Immunohistochemical Examination ◽  
Atypical Features ◽  
Melanocytic Lesions ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Prognostic Importance ◽  
Morphologic Analysis ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Nevus Cell

Abstract A large number of publications recognize that there are melanocytic lesions with microscopic features similar to melanoma, related to their location, with no prognostic importance. Those locations are represented by the ear, the milk lines (axillary, breast, periumbilical and inguinal regions), palms, soles and flexural regions. The periumbilical nevi are included by some authors in the category of the flexural nevi. In 2004, Rongioletti et al., performed a study on a number of 101 breast nevi, considering 10 histologic parameters. Starting from Rongioletti’s study we measured 10 histologic parameters on 121 nevi (26 from the periunmbilical area) and notes with 0 if absent or impossible to evaluate and with 1 if present. The score for each lesion ranged from 0 to 6 and we compared the features of the periumbilical nevi with the nevi from the control sites and found that the ones in the periumbilical area have more frequently atypical features than the nevi from the other sites (lemtiginous proliferation of nevus cells, architectural disorder of the nevus cell nests and stromal reactions as dermal fibroplasias and dermal lymphocytic infiltrate). We also performed immunohistochemical examination on lesions that presented three or more of the examined histologic parameters, but the results were not very suggestive. The conclusion of this study is that the atypical features of the breast nevi are only site related atypias and have no hormonal influences

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