Street robbery offenders: Shades of rationality and reversal theory perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Piotrowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Reversal Theory ◽  
Street Robbery ◽  
Definition Of

The article intends to draw attention to the selected aspects of motivation and the process of decision making in street robbery offenders. The author distinguishes three types of street robbers: ‘the rational’, the ‘bounded rationality’, and ‘the irrational’ ones. After a short characterisation of the street robbery as a specific type of crime, the article presents the definition of rationality within social sciences, followed by a reflection on the theory of rational choice, along with its applications and limitations. In the next part the reflections revolve around the theory of M.J. Apter, which – in the author’s view – creates encouraging perspective for the analysis of street robbers’ decision making process.

DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS FOR DIAGNOSTIC DIABETES BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC METODS

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Евгений Николаевич Коровин ◽  
Екатерина Ивановна Новикова ◽  
Олег Валерьевич Родионов
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Definition Of

В статье рассматриваются разработки методов интеллектуальной поддержки процесса диагностики сахарного диабета, а также определение его типа. В последние годы количество людей, страдающих данным заболеванием, неуклонно растет, а без своевременной диагностики эта патология может нанести огромный вред организму человека. Сахарный диабет 1 типа опасен тем, что в основном возникает у людей молодого возраста. Оперативное обнаружение диабета, а также определение его типа, поможет не только избежать возможных осложнений, но и в некоторых случаях предотвратить смерть пациента. Информационные технологии все чаще используются в различных сферах деятельности для разработки новых или совершенствования существующих методов обработки данных, особенно это можно заметить в сфере медицины. В настоящее время врач самостоятельно ставит диагноз, основываясь на результатах различных анализов, однако, для ускорения процесса принятия решения, можно воспользоваться методами математического моделирования, а именно: моделями диагностики диабета на основе нечеткой логики. Для наибольшего удобства данный способ распознавания заболевания впоследствии можно реализовать в информационно-программное обеспечение, которое сможет еще больше увеличить эффективность и скорость распознавания патологии The article discusses the issues of the incidence of diabetes in the population, in particular, the definition of its type. In recent years, the number of people suffering from this disease has been steadily growing, and without timely diagnosis, this pathology can cause enormous harm to the human body. Prompt detection of diabetes, as well as determination of its type, will help not only avoid possible complications, but also in some cases prevent the death of the patient. Information technology is increasingly being used in various fields of activity to develop new or improve existing methods of data processing, especially in the field of medicine. Currently, the doctor independently makes a diagnosis based on the results of various analyzes, however, to speed up the decision-making process, you can use the methods of mathematical modeling, namely, models of diabetes diagnostics based on fuzzy logic. For the greatest convenience, this method of disease recognition can subsequently be implemented in information software, which can further increase the efficiency and speed of pathology recognition

scholarly journals Fuzzy Parameterized Complex Neutrosophic Soft Expert Set for Decision under Uncertainty

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Al-Quran ◽  
Nasruddin Hassan ◽  
Shawkat Alkhazaleh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decision Under Uncertainty ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Real State

In the definition of the complex neutrosophic soft expert set (CNSES), parameters set is a classical set, and the parameters have the same degree of importance, which is considered as 1. This poses a limitation in modeling of some problems. This paper introduces the concept of fuzzy parameterized complex neutrosophic soft expert set (FP-CNSES) to handle this issue by assigning a degree of importance to each of the problem parameters. We further develop FP-CNSES by establishing the concept of weighted fuzzy parameterized complex neutrosophic soft expert set (WFP-CNSES) based on the idea that each expert has a relative weight. These new mathematical frameworks reduce the chance of unfairness in the decision making process. Some essential operations with their properties and relevant laws related to the notion of FP-CNSES are defined and verified. The notation of mapping on fuzzy parameterized complex neutrosophic soft expert classes is defined and some properties of fuzzy parameterized complex neutrosophic soft expert images and inverse images was investigated. FP-CNSES is used to put forth an algorithm on decision-making by converting it from complex state to real state and subsequently provided the detailed decision steps. Then, we provide the comparison of FP-CNSES to the current methods to show the ascendancy of our proposed method.

FIRMS DECISION MAKING PROCESS IN AN EVOLUTIONARY MODEL OF INDUSTRIAL DYNAMICS

2001 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
WITOLD KWASNICKI
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Radical Innovation ◽  
Long Waves ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Industrial Dynamics ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Kondratieff Cycles

Evolutionary model of industrial dynamics, presented in this paper, can be classified as Schumpeterian one. The model describes the behaviour of a number of competing firms producing functionally equivalent products. Each firm tries to improve its position in the industry and in the market by introducing innovations in order to minimize the unit costs of production, maximize the productivity of capital, and maximize the competitiveness of its products on the market. The problem how decisions are made seems to be crucial for relevant modelling of socio-economic processes. The main aim of the simulations presented in the second part of the paper is to show how fluctuations and discontinuities occurs in economic processes due to boundedly rational decisions of competing firms. It is shown how fluctuation of 3–6 years and of 10 years periodicity can occur in an industry development because of firms' bounded rationality. Long waves of development of 50–60 years period (Kondratieff cycles) occur in the model because of radical innovation emergence at the maturity phase of an 'old' technology.

scholarly journals La heurística y la toma de decisiones en empresas de servicios

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (38) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Germán Rubio Guerrero ◽  
Fernando Adolfo Fierro Celis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Rational Models ◽  
Toma De Decisiones

RESUMENEl propósito de la investigación fue estudiar los prejuicios y errores en la toma de decisiones y su relación con los modelos racionales en 16 empresas de servicios seleccionadas a juicio de los investigadores en los departamentos de Tolima y Huila, Colombia. Se trató de un estudio mixto quea través del análisis multidimensional, permitió establecer que en estas organizaciones prevalecen los enfoques intuitivos sobre los formales en sus procesos decisionales. Igualmente se evidenciaroncorrelaciones significativas e independencia entre estas variables.Palabras clave: toma de decisiones, decisiones estratégicas, racionalidad, racionalidad limitada,métodos para la toma de decisiones, incertidumbre.The heuristic and the decision making in services companiesABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to study the prejudices and mistakes in decision making and your relation with the rational models in 6 enterprises of services selected to judgment of the investigators on the departments of Tolima and Huila, Colombia. It was a combined study which through of multivariate analysis, allowed to establish that in these organizations prevail the intuitive approaches over that the formals in their decision making process. Equally significant correlations between these variables and independence were evident.Keywords: decisions making, strategic decisions, heuristic, rationality, bounded rationality, methodsmaking decisions, uncertainty.Heurística e a toma de decisão em empresas de serviços.RESUMOO objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar os preconceitos e erros na toma de decisões e sua relação com os modelos racionais em 16 empresas de serviços, selecionadas segundo o parecer dos pesquisadores dosdepartamentos de Tolima e Huila, na Colômbia. Este foi um estudo misto que a través da análise multidimensional, permitiu estabelecer que nestas organizações prevalecem os enfoques intuitivos por sobre os formais em seus processos de toma de decisão. Da mesma forma, se evidenciaram correlações significativas e independência entre estas variáveis.Palavras-chave: toma de decisões, decisões estratégicas, racionalidade, racionalidade limitada,métodos de toma de decisão, incerteza.

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