Formal Communications’ Role in Knowledge Work: Evidence From Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-156
Author(s):  
Priscilla S. Rogers ◽  
Lisa A. Pawlik ◽  
Barbara L. Shwom
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Observational Data ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
Writing To Learn ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Material Texts ◽  
Integral Work

To investigate the contribution of formal communications (FCs) to problem-solving knowledge work, this study examines survey, interview, and observational data from 212 teams who produced contracting documents, reports, and PowerPoint presentations while working on projects for diverse organizations worldwide. The study found that these FCs engaged teams in a contextual–conceptual dynamic involving interactive pairs of integral work activities. The findings validate, integrate, and extend prior scholarship on organizational genres, writing to learn, and the role of material texts in the work process, leading to a comprehensive framework that pinpoints opportunities for managing FCs to achieve their fullest potential.

scholarly journals Work Process of Bring Your Own Device to Support Green Computing

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Mohd Yusri Jusoh ◽  
Haryani Haron ◽  
Jasber Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Green Computing ◽  
Bring Your Own Device ◽  
End User ◽  
Work Process ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Portfolio Development ◽  
Role Of It

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is a new approach to optimize the use of Information Technology (IT) devices to carry out their work task. The study of BYOD is focused on work activities that perform by IT worker using IT device in public sector. Work activities can provide important insights into IT device portfolio development, end-user segmentation process and the role of IT workers in public sector. The propose of this study is to explore work process of bringing your own devices to support green computing. A conceptual framework of BYOD work process in public sector through integration of IT devices and end-user segmentation to support green computing was developed based on systematic literature review to highlight the implementation of BYOD. This framework considers that work activities based on IT worker, IT device portfolio and end-user segmentation are the main key for public sector to support green computing. This framework is an initial research for researchers and practitioners to further examine BYOD practices in public sector. In addition, to highlight an important gap, this paper explains how different work activities using different IT device influence the IT worker to select the suitable IT device for BYOD that support green computing.

Improving the questions we ask, with Psychology and Cognitive Conflict.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Buttliere
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Cognitive Conflict ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Science In Society

Over the last decade, there have been many suggestions to improve how scientists answer their questions, but far fewer attempt to improve the questions scientists are asking in the first place. The goal of the paper is then to examine and summarize synthesize the evidence on how to ask the best questions possible. First is a brief review of the philosophical and empirical literature on how the best science is done, which implicitly but not explicitly mentions the role of psychology and especially cognitive conflict. Then we more closely focus on the psychology of the scientist, finding that they are humans, engaged in a meaning making process, and that cognitive conflict is a necessary input for any learning or change in the system. The scientific method is, of course, a specialized meaning making process. We present evidence for this central role of cognitive conflict in science by examining the most discussed scientific papers between 2013 and 2017, which are, in general, controversial and about big problems (e.g., whether vaccines cause autism, how often doctors kill us with their mistakes). Toward the end we discuss the role of science in society, suggesting science itself is an uncertainty reducing and problem solving enterprise. From this basis we encourage scientists to take riskier stances on bigger topics, for the good of themselves and society generally.

The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World: Knowns and Unknowns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Nic M. Weststrate ◽  
Monika Ardelt ◽  
Justin Peter Brienza ◽  
Mengxi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
The Common ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
And Training ◽  
Contextual Differences

Interest in wisdom in the cognitive sciences, psychology, and education has been paralleled by conceptual confusions about its nature and assessment. To clarify these issues and promote consensus in the field, wisdom researchers met in Toronto in July of 2019, resolving disputes through discussion. Guided by a survey of scientists who study wisdom-related constructs, we established a common wisdom model, observing that empirical approaches to wisdom converge on the morally-grounded application of metacognition to reasoning and problem-solving. After outlining the function of relevant metacognitive and moral processes, we critically evaluate existing empirical approaches to measurement and offer recommendations for best practices. In the subsequent sections, we use the common wisdom model to selectively review evidence about the role of individual differences for development and manifestation of wisdom, approaches to wisdom development and training, as well as cultural, subcultural, and social-contextual differences. We conclude by discussing wisdom’s conceptual overlap with a host of other constructs and outline unresolved conceptual and methodological challenges.

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