Health Beliefs and Practices of African Immigrants in Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Cooper Brathwaite ◽  
Manon Lemonde
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Health Beliefs And Practices

A purposive sample of 14 immigrants living in Ontario, Canada, participated in two focus groups. The researchers used semi-structured interviews to collect data and five themes emerged from the data: beliefs about diabetes were centered on diverse factors, preserving culture through food preferences and preparation, cultural practices to stay healthy, cultural practices determined number of servings of fruit and vegetables per day, and engaging in physical activity to stay healthy. Findings indicated how health beliefs and cultural practices influenced behavior in preventing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Future research should focus on other high-risk minority groups (South Asian, Caribbean, and Latin American) to examine their health beliefs and cultural practices and use these finding to develop best practice guidelines, which should be incorporated into culturally tailored interventions.

scholarly journals Determinants of Managed Entry Agreements in the context of Health Technology Assessment: a comparative analysis of oncology therapies in four countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olina Efthymiadou ◽  
Panos Kanavos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Decision Making Factors ◽  
Managed Entry Agreements

Abstract Background Managed Entry Agreements (MEAs) are increasingly used to address uncertainties arising in the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) process due to immature evidence of new, high-cost medicines on their real-world performance and cost-effectiveness. The literature remains inconclusive on the HTA decision-making factors that influence the utilization of MEAs. We aimed to assess if the uptake of MEAs differs between countries and if so, to understand which HTA decision-making criteria play a role in determining such differences. Methods All oncology medicines approved since 2009 in Australia, England, Scotland, and Sweden were studied. Four categories of variables were collected from publicly available HTA reports of the above drugs: (i) Social Value Judgments (SVJs), (ii) Clinical/Economic evidence submitted, (iii) Interpretation of this evidence, and (iv) Funding decision. Conditional/restricted decisions were coded as Listed With Conditions (LWC) other than an MEA or LWC including an MEA (LWCMEA). Cohen's κ-scores measured the inter-rater agreement of countries on their LWCMEA outcomes and Pearson's chi-squared tests explored the association between HTA variables and LWCMEA outcomes. Results A total of 74 drug-indication pairs were found resulting in n = 296 observations; 8 percent (n = 23) were LWC and 55 percent (n = 163) were LWCMEA. A poor-to-moderate agreement existed between countries (−.29 < κ < .33) on LWCMEA decisions. Cross-country differences within the LWCMEA sample were partly driven by economic uncertainties and largely driven by SVJs considered across agencies. Conclusions A set of HTA-related variables driving the uptake of MEAs across countries was identified. These findings can be useful in future research aimed at informing country-specific, “best-practice” guidelines for successful MEA implementation.

scholarly journals “We Can’t Provide a Quality Service on Shoestrings”: Irish Practitioners Perspectives on the ECCE Scheme (2010)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayooluwa Oke ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Cian O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quality Service ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Working Parents ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Early Childhood Care ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Childhood Care

There is a general disquiet in the Irish Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) sector about the sustainability of initiatives and best practice guidelines in the context of low status, pay and investment. The ECCE Scheme (2010; DCYA, 2018b) provided access to three hours of “free” ECCE for children aged 2.8 years who could continue to avail of the ECCE until they reached 5.6 years old (DCYA, 2018b). Ireland, under the Barcelona Summit (2002), was obliged to provide increased access to ECCE to (European Commission, 2008) to increase women’s participation in the labour market (European Commission, 2008). However, the introduction of the ECCE scheme (2010) contributed to already existing structural and financial challenges in the provision of quality ECCE. To explore parental and practitioners’ experiences of the scheme, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 practitioners and 15 parents. Findings reveal that the scheme seems to have been unsuccessful in supporting practitioners in meeting quality standards, the costs associated with the introduction of the scheme as well as in meeting the needs of working parents for accessible ECCE.

Implementation of Lean Six Sigma in Saudi Arabian organisations

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saja Ahmed Albliwi ◽  
Jiju Antony ◽  
Norin Arshed ◽  
Abhijeet Ghadge
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Lean Six Sigma ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Although the popularity of the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology has illustrated many benefits over the years for those organisations who have implemented it, this strategy has received less attention in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to critically assess the current status of LSS implementation in Saudi Arabian organisations. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on a descriptive survey questionnaire which has been derived from two systematic literature reviews. The survey was distributed to 400 organisations in Saudi Arabia using Qualtrics online software. In total, 146 responses were received where 102 responses were completed and analysed. Findings The findings of the survey highlighted that the implementation of LSS is still in the early stages in organisations within Saudi Arabia. This was clearly shown by many factors such as years of deploying LSS, LSS infrastructure, level of awareness of LSS, impact of LSS on business functions and so on. Research limitations/implications The primary limitation of this study is that data has been collected from an online survey and therefore no deeper insights could have been captured from the survey. This calls for future research to be undertaken by executing semi-structured interviews in selective organisations within Saudi Arabia. Originality/value This paper contributes to the current status of LSS in Saudi Arabian organisations. It also gives recommendations to guide the future of LSS in Saudi organisations by comparing LSS literature with best practice.

Assessing the Veracity of Children’s Forensic Interviews

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayden M. Henderson ◽  
Samantha J. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Reality Monitoring ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Forensic Interviews ◽  
Interview Protocol ◽  
Investigative Interview ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines

This chapter discusses the various ways in which the veracity of children’s forensic interviews can be assessed, and the implications this diversity has for the courtroom. Beforehand, it summarizes the capabilities and vulnerabilities children bring to forensic settings, and then what constitutes veracity, the importance this concept has in legal settings, and how it is typically measured. Reality Monitoring (RM) and Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) are reviewed alongside experimental and field research designed to elucidate the ways in which interview “quality” can be improved. The usefulness of best practice guidelines, such as the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol, in assessing quality is considered. Difficulties for translating research into practice are discussed. The implications these factors have for the examination of children in court are then considered, and the experimental and field research is reviewed. The chapter ends by outlining directions for future research.

scholarly journals Dehydration and Malnutrition in Residential Care: Recommendations for Strategies for Improving Practice Derived from a Scoping Review of Existing Policies and Guidelines

Geriatrics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Bunn ◽  
Lee Hooper ◽  
Ailsa Welch
Keyword(s):  
Residential Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Menu Planning ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Statutory Regulation ◽  
Considerable Body

Preventing malnutrition and dehydration in older care home residents is a complex task, with both conditions remaining prevalent, despite numerous guidelines spanning several decades. This policy-mapping scoping review used snowballing search methods to locate publicly-available policies, reports and best practice guidelines relating to hydration and nutrition in UK residential care homes, to describe the existing knowledge base and pinpoint gaps in practice, interpretation and further investigation. The findings were synthesised narratively to identify solutions. Strategies for improvements to nutritional and hydration care include the development of age and population-specific nutrient and fluid intake guidelines, statutory regulation, contractual obligations for commissioners, appropriate menu-planning, the implementation and auditing of care, acknowledgment of residents’ eating and drinking experiences, effective screening, monitoring and treatment and staff training. The considerable body of existing knowledge is failing to influence practice, relating to translational issues of implementing knowledge into care at the point of delivery, and this is where future research and actions should focus.

scholarly journals Development and implementation of an end-of-shift clinical debriefing method for emergency departments during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Servotte ◽  
T. Bram Welch-Horan ◽  
Paul Mullan ◽  
Justine Piazza ◽  
Alexandre Ghuysen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Impact ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Professional Background ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Clinical Events

Abstract Background Multiple guidelines recommend debriefing after clinical events in the emergency department (ED) to improve performance, but their implementation has been limited. We aimed to start a clinical debriefing program to identify opportunities to address teamwork and patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We reviewed existing literature on best-practice guidelines to answer key clinical debriefing program design questions. An end-of-shift huddle format for the debriefs allowed multiple cases of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 illness to be discussed in the same session, promoting situational awareness and team learning. A novel ED-based clinical debriefing tool was implemented and titled Debriefing In Situ COVID-19 to Encourage Reflection and Plus-Delta in Healthcare After Shifts End (DISCOVER-PHASE). A facilitator experienced in simulation debriefings would facilitate a short (10–25 min) discussion of the relevant cases by following a scripted series of stages for debriefing. Data on the number of debriefing opportunities, frequency of utilization of debriefing, debriefing location, and professional background of the facilitator were analyzed. Results During the study period, the ED treated 3386 suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases, with 11 deaths and 77 ICU admissions. Of the 187 debriefing opportunities in the first 8-week period, 163 (87.2%) were performed. Of the 24 debriefings not performed, 21 (87.5%) of these were during the four first weeks (21/24; 87.5%). Clinical debriefings had a median duration of 10 min (IQR 7–13). They were mostly facilitated by a nurse (85.9%) and mainly performed remotely (89.8%). Conclusion Debriefing with DISCOVER-PHASE during the COVID-19 pandemic were performed often, were relatively brief, and were most often led remotely by a nurse facilitator. Future research should describe the clinical and organizational impact of this DISCOVER-PHASE.

scholarly journals Midwives’ knowledge and practices regarding the screening for and management of chorioamnionitis: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison H. Du Plessis ◽  
Dalena Van Rooyen ◽  
Wilma Ten Ham-Baloyi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Review Study ◽  
And Training

Background: Screening for chorioamnionitis, or the risk thereof, by midwives is largely lacking during antenatal care and no best practice guidelines for chorioamnionitis in South Africa was noted.Aim: To explore and describe midwives’ knowledge and practices related to the screening and management of women who are at risk of or diagnosed with chorioamnionitis.Setting: Public healthcare institutions in a health district in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Ten midwives were purposively included in this study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. The data were analysed using an adapted version of Tesch’s eight steps for data analysis.Results: The main theme revealed that midwives lack knowledge regarding chorioamnionitis, resulting in incorrect practices including a lack of screening, misdiagnosis and mismanagement of the infectious condition.Conclusions: Findings of this research showed that midwives lacked knowledge regarding the screening and management of women with chorioamnionitis resulting in incorrect practices in this regard. There is thus a need for midwives to update their knowledge regarding the screening and management of chorioamnionitis and training (e.g. through a short learning programme).Contribution: Findings of this study could be used by midwives to update their knowledge regarding screening and managing women with chorioamnionitis, which is expected to translate to better practices. Moreover, study findings were synthesised with the results of a literature review study to form the basis for the development of a best practice guideline for screening and managing women with chorioamnionitis.

scholarly journals Dysphagia Therapy in Adults with a Tracheostomy: A Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waiza Kadri ◽  
Rhiannon Halfpenny ◽  
Breege Whiten ◽  
Christina Smith ◽  
Siofra Mulkerrin
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Dysphagia Therapy

Abstract Background Swallowing impairment (dysphagia) and tracheostomy coexist. Research in this area has often provided an overview of dysphagia management as a whole, but there is limited information pertaining to specific dysphagia therapy in the tracheostomy population. The aim of this scoping review is to provide detailed exploration of the literature with regards to dysphagia therapeutic interventions in adults with a tracheostomy. The scoping review will describe current evidence and thus facilitate future discussions to guide clinical practice.Methods A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guideline will be used. Ten electronic databases from inception to July 2021and grey literature will be searched. From identified texts forward and backward citation chasing will be completed. Data extraction will compose of population demographics, aetiology and dysphagia therapy (type, design, dose and intensity). Number of citations and papers included into the scoping review will be presented visually.Discussion The scoping review aims to expand upon the existing literature in this field. A detailed description of the evidence is required to facilitate clinical discussions and develop therapeutic protocols in a tracheostomised population. The results of this scoping review will support future research in dysphagia therapy and provide the basis for development of best practice guidelines.

Clinical management of acute low back pain in elite and subelite rowers: a Delphi study of experienced and expert clinicians

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-102520
Author(s):  
Kellie Wilkie ◽  
Jane S Thornton ◽  
Anders Vinther ◽  
Larissa Trease ◽  
Sarah-Jane McDonnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines

ObjectivesRowing-related low back pain (LBP) is common but published management research is lacking. This study aims to establish assessment and management behaviours and beliefs of experienced and expert clinicians when elite and subelite rowers present with an acute episode of LBP; second, to investigate how management differs for developing and masters rowers. This original research is intended to be used to develop rowing-related LBP management guidelines.MethodsA three-round Delphi survey was used. Experienced clinicians participated in an internet-based survey (round 1), answering open-ended questions about assessment and management of rowing-related LBP. Statements were generated from the survey for expert clinicians to rate (round 2) and rerate (round 3). Consensus was gained when agreement reached a mean of 7 out of 10 and disagreement was 2 SD or less.ResultsThirty-one experienced clinicians participated in round 1. Thirteen of 20 invited expert clinicians responded to round 2 (response rate 65%) and 12 of the 13 participated in round 3 (response rate 92%).One hundred and fifty-three of 215 statements (71%) relating to the management of LBP in elite and subelite rowers acquired consensus status. Four of six statements (67%) concerning developing rowers and two of four (50%) concerning masters rowers gained consensus.ConclusionIn the absence of established evidence, these consensus-derived statements are imperative to inform the development of guidelines for the assessment and management of rowing-related LBP. Findings broadly reflect adult LBP guidelines with specific differences. Future research is needed to strengthen specific recommendations and develop best practice guidelines in this athletic population.

scholarly journals The meaning and experience of well-being in dementia for psychiatrists involved in diagnostic disclosure: a qualitative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vince ◽  
C. Clarke ◽  
E. L. Wolverson
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Diagnostic Disclosure ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

ABSTRACTBackground:Literature indicates that people's experiences of receiving a diagnosis of dementia can have a lasting impact on well-being. Psychiatrists frequently lead in communicating a diagnosis but little is known about the factors that could contribute to potential disparities between actual and best practice with regard to diagnostic disclosure. A clearer understanding of psychiatrists’ subjective experiences of disclosure is therefore needed to improve adherence to best practice guidelines and ensure that diagnostic disclosure facilitates living well with dementia.Methods:This study utilized qualitative methodology. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 11 psychiatrists were analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).Results:Three superordinate and nine subordinate themes emerged from the data analysis. These included the following: (i) “The levels of well-being” (Continuing with life, Keeping a sense of who they are, Acceptance of the self), (ii) “Living well is a process” (Disclosure can set the scene for well-being, Positive but realistic messages, Whose role it is to support well-being?), and (iii) Ideal care versus real care (Supporting well-being is not prioritized, There isn't time, The fragmentation of care).Conclusions:Findings indicate that psychiatrists frame well-being in dementia as a multi-faceted biopsychosocial construct but that certain nihilistic attitudes may affect how well-being is integrated into diagnostic communication. Such attitudes were linked with the perceived threat of dementia and limitations of post-diagnostic care. Behaviors used to manage the negative affect associated with ethical and clinical tensions triggered by attempts to facilitate well-being at the point of diagnosis, and their impact on adherence to best practice disclosure, are discussed.

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