The Behaviors of the Levator Veli Palatine Muscle Between 2 Surgical Conditions in Dog: The Comparison of Furlow and Pushback Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1410-1416
Author(s):  
Kiyoko Nakagawa ◽  
Emiko Tanaka Isomura ◽  
Makoto Matsukawa ◽  
Ryo Mitsui ◽  
Mikihiko Kogo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
End To End ◽  
Pressure Meter ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function

Objective: This study was conducted to compare the velopharyngeal function among the beagle dogs which the levator veli palatini (LVP) muscles construction has been experimentally changed. Methods: Four groups of LVP muscle reconstruction were made (normal LVP, cut LVP, end-to-end sutured LVP, and overlapped-sutured LVP at the midline). Levator veli palatini contraction was induced by electrical stimulation or a hypercapnia condition to analyze the strength of the velopharyngeal closure using balloon with a blood pressure meter, and the electromyogram in those operated beagle dogs. Results: Under a hypercapnia condition, the velopharyngeal function did not differ significantly among the 4 groups in the terms of velopharyngeal pressure. The strongest closure was shown at the overlapped sutured LVP group by electrical stimulation. Conclusion: The reconstruction of overlapped sutured LVP showed the most effective closure. This study suggested that the palatoplasty should be conducted along the overlapped LVP (like Furlow method).

Prediction of Deterioration of Velopharyngeal Function Associated with Maxillary Advancement Using Electromyography of Levator Veli Palatini Muscle

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Nohara ◽  
Takashi Tachimura ◽  
Takeshi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Levator Muscle ◽  
Perceptual Judgment ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Maxillary Advancement ◽  
Total Range ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function

Objective The purpose of the present study was to examine the possibility that postoperative velopharyngeal function following maxillary advancement could be predicted using preoperative electromyography of the levator veli palatini. Design Levator muscle electromyography was recorded preoperatively during speech and blowing. Levator activity was expressed as a percentage relative to the maximum value observed throughout the experiment. Postoperative velopharyngeal function was evaluated by means of perceptual judgment and nasoendoscopy. Participants The subjects were four patients with repaired cleft palates who underwent maxillary advancement, two by osteotomy and two by distraction osteogenesis. None of the subjects presented with preoperative hypernasality, and nasoendoscopy demonstrated complete velopharyngeal closure in all subjects prior to maxillary advancement. Results Preoperative levator activity for speech of two subjects was similar to that for normal speakers (<60% of total range), and postoperative nasality and nasoendoscopic findings revealed no detectible changes. For the other two subjects, levator activity for speech exceeded 60% of the total range, similar to that of speakers with velopharyngeal incompetence. These subjects showed increased hypernasality and deteriorated velopharyngeal closure following maxillary advancement. Conclusion The deterioration of velopharyngeal function associated with maxillary advancement was demonstrated for subjects whose levator activity was at higher levels during speech in comparison with maximal activity observed during blowing, regardless of the amount of maxillary advancement. Preoperative levator muscle electromyography could be a predictor in identifying patients at higher risk of postsurgical deterioration of velopharyngeal function.

Observation of Velopharyngeal Closure Patterns following Isolated Stimulation of Levator Veli Palatini and Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscles

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikihiko Kogo ◽  
Munehiro Hamaguchi ◽  
Tokuzo Matsuya
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscles ◽  
Peripheral Motor ◽  
Stimulation Of

This study, using mongrel dogs, showed the individual movements caused by the levator veli palatini muscle (LVP) and pharyngeal constrictor (PC) contraction, induced by electrical stimulation to each peripheral motor nerve. Each bilateral peripheral motor nerve of the LVP and PC muscles was isolated and stimulated electrically to induce the individual contraction of bilateral LVP and PC muscles. The movements were visualized by use of a fiberscope. Vertical movement of the middle soft palate was observed mainly at LVP contraction. Circular closure in the posterior region of the velopharynx was induced by contraction of the PC muscle. The posterior and lateral wall movements clearly occurred following PC contraction.

scholarly journals A Digital Pressure Meter Equipped with Pressure Leak Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Septian Nur Wahyu Erdyansyah ◽  
Torib Hamzah ◽  
Dyah Titisari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Leak Test ◽  
Inflatable Cuff ◽  
Measure Blood Pressure ◽  
Digital Pressure ◽  
Pressure Meter ◽  
Sd Card ◽  
Mercury Manometer

A manual sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to measure blood pressure, and consists of an inflatable cuff, a mercury manometer (or aneroid gauge) and an inflation ball and gauge. To assess the condition, accuracy and safety of mercury and anaeroid sphygmomanometers in use in general practice and to pilot a scheme for sphyg- momanometer maintenance within the district. Therefore, it must be calibrated periodically. Using the MPX 5050GP sensor as a positive pressure sensor. Requires a maximum pressure of 300 mmHg. This tool is also equipped with a SD Card as external storage. The display used in this module is TFT Nextion 2.8”. After conductings measurements of the three comparisons consisting of Multifunction, DPM and mercury tensimeter to 6 times, the smallest result 0 mmHg and the largest results 251.52 mmHg. While the error in mercury tensimeter’s of leak test to module and rigel is 0.56% and 0.404%.

Interaction of aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors: effect of activation times

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
PG Katona ◽  
KS Tan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Relative Timing ◽  
Relative Delay ◽  
Activation Times

Changes in pulse-wave velocity were simulated by changing the relative timing between aortic and carotid sinus barorecptor activity in anesthetized rabbits and dogs. In the rabbit, electrical stimulation was used to vary the timing; in the dog, it was also varied by perfusing the carotid sinuses with externally generated pressure pulses that could be triggered in any portion of the cardiac cycle. Changing the relative delay between aortic and carotid sinsus nerve stimulation did not result in variations of blood pressure or heart rate in the rabbit. Varing the time of electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve caused at most 5 mmHg change of blood pressure in the dog. Delay-related heart-rate changes could be usually observed only when the stimulus consisted of short, high-intensity bursts. When the carotid sinus was externally perfused with pulses of pressure, only one out of five dogs showed delay-related variations in blood pressure (3mmHg) and heart rate (6 beats/min). It is concluded that variations in pulse-wave velocity are unlikely to play a significant role in acute cardiovascular control.

scholarly journals End-to-End Blood Pressure Prediction via Fully Convolutional Networks

IEEE Access ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 185458-185468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghyun Baek ◽  
Jiyong Jang ◽  
Sungroh Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Convolutional Networks ◽  
Fully Convolutional Networks ◽  
End To End

scholarly journals Effect of preloading on haemodynamic of the patient undergoing surgery under spinal anaesthesia

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Singh ◽  
S Ranjit ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
R Sharma ◽  
SB Marahatta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Operation Theatre ◽  
Group I ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes ◽  
Ringer’S Lactate ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Written Informed Consent

Background: Hypotension and bradycardia after conduction of spinal anaesthesia are common side effects because of sympathetic blockade. Efforts to prevent these complications have been attempted like preloading with crystalloids, colloids or use of vasopressors. The role of volume preloading to prevent haemodynamic changes associated with spinal anaesthesia has been recently questioned. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of volume preload on changes of patient's hemodynamic. Materials and methods: A Quasi- experimental design was used to conduct the study. Taking written informed consent, 40 patients of age group 18-45 years and ASA grade I and II undergoing surgery under spinal anaesthesia in operation theatre of Dhulikhel Hospital were selected as the sample of the study and allocated randomly to 2 groups. Group I did not receive volume preload and Group II received preload of 1000 ml of Ringer's lactate solution within 30 minutes immediately before giving the spinal anaesthesia. An observational checklist was used to collect demographic, intraoperative and post-operative records of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). Results: The findings revealed that the haemodynamic changes occurred in all patients. The decrease in SBP, MBP and DBP from baseline was statistically significant at all points of time (p=0.000). The decrease in HR from baseline was not statistically significant at all points of time (p>0.05). The overall incidence of hypotension was 50%, among which 9 (45%) were from without preload group and 11 (55%) were from with preload group. The incidence of hypotension was similar in groups, sexes and surgical conditions (General Surgery, Gynae/Obs and Orthopaedics). There were no significant differences in haemodynamic changes among groups. Conclusion: On the basis of findings, it is concluded that volume preloading had no effect on the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia after spinal anaesthesia. Key words: Preload; Haemodynamics; Spinal Anaesthesia; Crystalloid DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3562 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 216-221

Salvaging the Failed Pharyngoplasty: Intervention Outcome

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Witt ◽  
Terry Myckatyn ◽  
Jeffrey L. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Revisional Surgery ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Surgical Revision ◽  
Flap Failure ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Pharyngeal Flap ◽  
Sphincter Pharyngoplasty ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function

Objective This paper reports on the rates of failure of operations (pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty) performed for management of velopharyngeal dysfunction, and outcome following their revision. Design Anatomic abnormalities associated with unacceptable vocal resonance and nasal air escape following pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty were critiqued. The results of primary pharyngeal flap were evaluated for 65 patients, and the results of primary sphincter pharyngoplasty were evaluated for 123 patients. All patients were treated for velopharyngeal dysfunction. The definition of surgical failure was based on persistent hypernasality and/or nasal turbulence on perceptual speech evaluation, and incomplete velopharyngeal closure on instrumental evaluation, at least 3 months postoperatively. Setting All patients were evaluated and managed at the Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Deformities Institute, St. Louis Children's Hospital, a tertiary cleft care center. Patients, Participants All patients had failed surgical management initially, either with pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty, and all underwent repeat preoperative and postoperative perceptual speech evaluations; real-time lateral phonation fluoroscopy including still reference views; and flexible nasendoscopy of the velopharynx using standard speech protocols. Interventions Revisional surgery for both procedures consisted of either tightening of the sphincter pharyngoplasty or pharyngeal flap port(s) or reinsertion of the sphincter pharyngoplasty or pharyngeal flaps following dehiscence. Main outcome Measures The main outcome measure was normalcy of velopharyngeal function, i.e., elimination of perceptual hypernasality and instrumental evidence of complete velopharyngeal closure. The rates of pharyngeal flap failure and sphincter pharyngoplasty failure were determined for those patients requiring surgical revision. Results Thirteen of 65 patients (20%) who underwent primary pharyngeal flap required revisional surgery. Of these 13 patients, eight were managed successfully with a single revisional operation. The remaining five patients (38%) continued to exhibit velopharyngeal dysfunction and underwent a second revision consisting of tightening or augmentation of the lateral ports. Speech results were satisfactory in all patients so treated; however, hyponasality with no other airway morbidity occurred in all five. Twenty of 123 patients (16%) who underwent primary sphincter pharyngoplasty required surgical revision. Of these 20 patients, 17 were managed successfully. For both procedures, the principal cause of failure was partial or complete flap dehiscence. Conclusions Rates of primary pharyngeal flap failure are roughly equivalent to rates of primary sphincter pharyngoplasty failure. Pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty failures can be salvaged with revisional surgery, which can provide a velopharyngeal mechanism capable of complete closure. Revisional surgery is usually associated with denasal speech.

Change in Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Activity for Patients with Cleft Palate in Association with Placement of a Speech-Aid Prosthesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tachimura ◽  
Kanji Nohara ◽  
Yoshinori Fujita ◽  
Takeshi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Reserve Capacity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether a speech-aid prosthesis normalizes the activity of the levator veli palatini muscle for patients with cleft palate who exhibit velopharyngeal incompetence. Design: Each subject was instructed to produce repetitions of /mu/, /u/, /pu/, /su/, and /tsu/ and to blow with maximum possible effort. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the levator veli palatini muscle was recorded with and without a hybrid speech-aid prosthesis in place. Participants: The participants were five patients with repaired cleft palate who were routinely wearing a hybrid speech-aid prosthesis. Results: With the prosthesis in place, the mean value of levator activity changed positively in relation to oral air-pressure change during blowing. Differences in levator activity in relation to speech samples were similar to those in normal speakers. With the prosthesis in place, levator activity for speech tasks was less than 50% of the maximum levator activity for all subjects. The findings were similar to those reported previously for normal speakers. Conclusion: Placement of the prosthesis changed EMG activity levels of the levator veli palatini muscle to levels that are similar to normal speakers. It is possible that, with the increase in the differential levator activity between speech and a maximum force task, the velopharyngeal mechanism has a greater reserve capacity to maintain velopharyngeal closure compared with the noprosthesis condition.

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