Digital Parenting of Emerging Adults in the 21st Century

In emerging adulthood, when many young people are away from their families for the first time, mobile phones become an important conduit for maintaining relationships with parents. Yet, objective assessment of the content and frequency of text messaging between emerging adults and their parents is lacking in much of the research to date. We collected two weeks of text messages exchanged between U.S. college students (N = 238) and their parents, which yielded nearly 30,000 parent-emerging adult text messages. We coded these text message exchanges for traditional features of parent-emerging adult communication indexing positive connection, monitoring and disclosures. Emerging adults texted more with mothers than with fathers and many messages constitute parental check-ins and emerging adult sharing regarding youth behavior and well-being. Findings highlight that both the frequency and content of parent-emerging adult text messages can be linked with positive (perceived text message support) and negative (perceived digital pressure) aspects of the parent-emerging adult relationship. The content of parent-emerging adult text messages offers a valuable, objective window into the nature of the parent-emerging adult relationships in the digital age of the 21st century.

A Digital Pressure Meter Equipped with Pressure Leak Detection

A manual sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to measure blood pressure, and consists of an inflatable cuff, a mercury manometer (or aneroid gauge) and an inflation ball and gauge. To assess the condition, accuracy and safety of mercury and anaeroid sphygmomanometers in use in general practice and to pilot a scheme for sphyg- momanometer maintenance within the district. Therefore, it must be calibrated periodically. Using the MPX 5050GP sensor as a positive pressure sensor. Requires a maximum pressure of 300 mmHg. This tool is also equipped with a SD Card as external storage. The display used in this module is TFT Nextion 2.8”. After conductings measurements of the three comparisons consisting of Multifunction, DPM and mercury tensimeter to 6 times, the smallest result 0 mmHg and the largest results 251.52 mmHg. While the error in mercury tensimeter’s of leak test to module and rigel is 0.56% and 0.404%.

The Effect of Hamstring Relaxation Program on Headache, Pressure Pain Threshold, and Range of Motion in Patients with Tension Headache: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this study was to determine if the severity of headache is reduced by decreasing hamstring tension in patients with tension headache. Thirty patients participated in this study. The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: hamstring relaxation program (HR) group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). The participants in the HR group participated in a HR program for 25 min per day, three times per week, for a period of 4 weeks, and the control group participated in an electrotherapy for 25 min per day, three times per week, for a period of 4 weeks. Both groups participated in a self-myofacial release for 5 min per day, three times per week, for a period of 4 weeks. Headache was evaluated using the headache impact test (HIT-6) and visual analog scale (VAS). The pain pressure threshold (PPT) was evaluated using a digital pressure algometer. The range of motion (ROM) was evaluated using a goniometer and two special tests: straight leg raise test (SLRT) and popliteal angle test (PAT). The two groups showed no significant differences in terms of age, sex, height, and weight. The VAS and HIT-6 scores (p < 0.05) and neck and hamstring PPT showed significant improvements (p < 0.05). Neck flexion ROM and SLRT and PAT scores showed significant improvements (p < 0.05) in both groups, and the HR group showed significantly more improvements than the control group. This study confirmed that the HR program has positive effects on tension headache and is a good intervention for alleviating headaches in patients with tension headache.

Nonlinear energy-based control of soft continuum pneumatic manipulators

This paper investigates the model-based nonlinear control of a class of soft continuum pneumatic manipulators that bend due to pressurization of their internal chambers and that operate in the presence of disturbances. A port-Hamiltonian formulation is employed to describe the closed loop system dynamics, which includes the pressure dynamics of the pneumatic actuation, and new nonlinear control laws are constructed with an energy-based approach. In particular, a multi-step design procedure is outlined for soft continuum manipulators operating on a plane and in 3D space. The resulting nonlinear control laws are combined with adaptive observers to compensate the effect of unknown disturbances and model uncertainties. Stability conditions are investigated with a Lyapunov approach, and the effect of the tuning parameters is discussed. For comparison purposes, a different control law constructed with a backstepping procedure is also presented. The effectiveness of the control strategy is demonstrated with simulations and with experiments on a prototype. To this end, a needle valve operated by a servo motor is employed instead of more sophisticated digital pressure regulators. The proposed controllers effectively regulate the tip rotation of the prototype, while preventing vibrations and compensating the effects of disturbances, and demonstrate improved performance compared to the backstepping alternative and to a PID algorithm.

Design, development and testing of digital MEMS pressure sensor array for full-scale vibroacoustic measurements

This manuscript addresses design, development, and application of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) based digital pressure sensor array for vibroacoustic measurements. These vibroacoustic measurements were conducted on a A320 type single aisle aircraft demonstrator subjected to broadband as well as tonal excitations. Cabin noise levels were measured with both condenser microphones as well as digital MEMS pressure sensor array. The measured cabin noise shows strong qualitative as well as quantitative agreement between both type of measurement devises for full scale cabin noise measurements inside an aircraft demonstrator. The observed strong agreement is valid for both single wall (fuselage with thermal insulation) and double wall (fuselage with thermal insulation and trim panel) cabin noise measurements. Such strong agreement within 1.0 dB tolerance is significantly motivating for further development of reliable but low-cost MEMS based measurement devises and corresponding efficient data post-processing algorithms for full scale vibroacoustic measurements in general. Additionally, it is also demonstrated that the large number of MEMS based digital pressure sensors can be used in areas where the physical space constraints are high. This demonstration shows strong potential to derive additional vibroacoustic indicator for the development and the testing of future noise control solutions in a non-traditional way.

Effects of early respiratory physiotherapy on spontaneous respiratory activity of preterm infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background Tactile maneuvers stimulating spontaneous respiratory activity in preterm infants are recommended since birth, but data on how and how often these maneuvers are applied in clinical practice are unknown. In the last years, most preterm newborns with respiratory failure are preferentially managed with non-invasive respiratory support and by stimulating spontaneous respiratory activity from the delivery room and in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), in order to avoid the risks of intubation and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Methods Preterm infants with gestational age < 31 weeks not intubated in the delivery room and requiring non-invasive respiratory support at birth will be eligible for the study. They will be randomized and allocated to one of two treatment groups: (1) the study group infants will be subject to the technique of respiratory facilitation within the first 24 h of life, according to the reflex stimulations, by the physiotherapist. The newborn is placed in supine decubitus and a slight digital pressure is exerted on a hemithorax. The respiratory facilitation technique will be performed for about three minutes and repeated for a total of 4/6 times in sequence, three times a day until spontaneous respiratory activity is achieved; thus, no respiratory support is required; (2) the control group infants will take part exclusively in the individualized postural care program. They will perform the technique of respiratory facilitation and autogenous drainage. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of early respiratory physiotherapy in reducing the incidence of intubation and mechanical ventilation in the first week of life (primary outcome). Discussion The technique of respiratory facilitation is based on reflex stimulations, applied early to preterm infant. Slight digital pressure is exerted on a “trigger point” of each hemithorax, to stimulate the respiratory activity with subsequent increase of the ipsilateral pulmonary minute ventilation and to facilitate the contralateral pulmonary expansion. This mechanism will determine the concatenation of input to all anatomical structures in relation to the area being treated, to promote spontaneous respiratory activity and reducing work of breathing, avoiding or minimizing the use of invasive respiratory support. Trial registration UMIN-CTR Clinical Trial UMIN000036066. Registered on March 1, 2019. Protocol 1. https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr

Analysis of the Pre and Post-COVID-19 Lockdown Use of Smartphone Apps in Spain

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has changed our daily habits and has undoubtedly affected our smartphone usage time. This paper attempts to characterize the changes in the time of use of smartphones and their applications between the pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods in Spain, during the first COVID-19 confinement in 2020. This study analyzes data from 1940 participants, which was obtained both from a survey and from a tracking application installed on their smartphones. We propose manifold learning techniques such as clustering, to assess, both in a quantitative and in a qualitative way, the behavioral and social effects and implications of confinement in the Spanish population. We also determine the Big Five personality traits along with addiction, Social Digital Pressure and depression indicators for every group determined by the clustering.

The Rheology of the Carotid Sinus: A Path Toward Bioinspired Intervention

The association between blood viscosity and pathological conditions involving a number of organ systems is well known. However, how the body measures and maintains appropriate blood viscosity is not well-described. The literature endorsing the function of the carotid sinus as a site of baroreception can be traced back to some of the earliest descriptions of digital pressure on the neck producing a drop in blood delivery to the brain. For the last 30 years, improved computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of blood flow within the carotid sinus have demonstrated a more nuanced understanding of the changes in the region as it relates to changes in conventional metrics of cardiovascular function, including blood pressure. We suggest that the unique flow patterns within the carotid sinus may make it an ideal site to transduce flow data that can, in turn, enable real-time measurement of blood viscosity. The recent characterization of the PIEZO receptor family in the sinus vessel wall may provide a biological basis for this characterization. When coupled with other biomarkers of cardiovascular performance and descriptions of the blood rheology unique to the sinus region, this represents a novel venue for bioinspired design that may enable end-users to manipulate and optimize blood flow.

Design a Low-Cost Digital Pressure Meter Equipped with Temperature and Humidity Parameters

Calibration is a technical activity which consists of determining one or more properties and characteristics of a product, process or service according to a predetermined special procedure. The purpose of calibration is to ensure measurement results comply with national and international standards. The purpose of this study is to design two mode digital pressure meter (DPM) device equipped with a thermo-hygrometer and pressure in which the design is completed with a selection mode to determine the positive and negative pressure (vacuum) using MPX 5050GP sensor as a positive pressure sensor. In this design DHT 22 sensors is used to measure the humidity and temperature. To test the leak test this device is also equipped with timer. This design uses a 2.4 inch Nextion TFT LCD screen to display data. Data analysis was performed by comparing modul with standard tools. In the measurement process, Mercury tensimeter was carried out 6 times the data and the smallest results were 0 mmHg on the module and 0 mmHg on the standard tool and the largest was 298.0 mmHg on the module and 300 mmHg on the standard tool. Data were collected in a room with a temperature of 31̊C and humidity of 87%. Finally, this design is applicable for daily used for electromedical engineer to calibrate the sphygmomanometer in the hospitals