The Role of Economic Development and Perceived Growth Opportunities in Employee Reactions to M&As

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Paustian-Underdahl ◽  
Stav Fainshmidt ◽  
Juan I. Sanchez ◽  
Everlyne Misati ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Middle Managers ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Growth Opportunities ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Employee Reactions

We draw on the economic institutions literature and on transactional stress theory to explain differences in employee reactions to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) across 29 nations. Using a sample of 10,803 middle managers and executives, we find that country-level economic development moderates the effects of an M&A on employee attitudes and outcomes. Unlike in more advanced economies where M&As are associated with a reduction in perceived growth opportunities among employees, in less advanced economies, M&As are associated with increased perceptions of growth opportunities. These perceived growth opportunities post-M&A are associated with positive employee outcomes such as work–life balance, job satisfaction, organizational satisfaction, and reduced turnover intentions. Our results highlight the role that growth opportunities and the economic context play in harnessing human capital after an M&A.

Financial Access of Latin America and Caribbean Firms: What Are the Roles of Institutional, Financial, and Economic Development?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097265272110153
Author(s):  
Lan Khanh Chu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

This article examines the impact of institutional, financial, and economic development on firms’ access to finance in Latin America and Caribbean region. Based on firm- and country-level data from the World Bank databases, we employ an ordered logit model to understand the direct and moderating role of institutional, financial, and economic development in determining firms’ financial obstacles. The results show that older, larger, facing less competition and regulation burden, foreign owned, and affiliated firms report lower obstacles to finance. Second, better macro-fundamentals help to lessen the level of obstacles substantially. Third, the role of institutions in promoting firms’ inclusive finance is quite different to the role of financial development and economic growth. JEL classification: E02; G10; O16; P48

The influence of employee performance appraisal cynicism on intent to quit and sportsmanship

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Brown ◽  
Maria L. Kraimer ◽  
Virginia K. Bratton
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Intent To Quit ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Using job demands–resources (JD–R) theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of job demands (difficult performance appraisal (PA) objectives) and job resources (performance feedback and leader member exchange (LMX)) on employee reports of PA cynicism. The paper also investigates the consequences of PA cynicism on intent to quit and bad sportsmanship. Design/methodology/approach Survey data on PA demands and resources, PA cynicism and turnover intentions were obtained from employees. Supervisors rated their employees’ level of sportsmanship. Findings Contrary to the predictions of JD–R theory, the authors found that employees are most likely to be cynical when they experience high levels of job resources (LMX and performance feedback) and high levels of job demands (difficult objectives). Research limitations/implications The study demonstrates that PA cynicism matters – employees with higher levels of PA cynicism were more likely to contemplate leaving the organization; employees with high levels of PA cynicism are rated as bad sports by their supervisors. Practical implications Employees are sensitive to gaps between the description and reality of a PA process which can trigger thoughts of organizational exit and ineffective work behaviors. human resource managers need to ensure that employees regard the PA process as valuable, useful and worth their time and effort. Originality/value The authors contribute to the PA literature by investigating the role of both job resources and demands. PA research has focused on the specification of job demands, underplaying the role of job resources in employee attitudes toward PA.

scholarly journals Do managers sleep well? The role of gender, gender empowerment and economic development

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247515
Author(s):  
Xiao Tan ◽  
Leah Ruppanner ◽  
David Maume ◽  
Belinda Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Gender Empowerment ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Context Data ◽  
Gender Development Index ◽  
Status Theory

Work demands often disrupt sleep. The stress of higher status theory posits that workers with greater resources often experience greater stress. We extend this theory to sleep and ask: do managers report more disrupted sleep and does this vary by gender and country context? Data come from the 2012 European Social Survey Programme and our sample comprised those currently employed in their prime working age (n = 27,616; age 25–64) in 29 countries. We include country level measures of the Gender Development Index (GDI) and gross domestic product (GDP). We find that workers sleep better, regardless of gender, in countries where women are empowered. For managers, women sleep better as GDI increases and men as GDP increases. Our results suggest that men experience a sleep premium from economic development and women from gender empowerment.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO MALARIA AND DEVELOPMENT: DISAGGREGATE EVIDENCE FOR CONTEMPORANEOUS AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Cervellati ◽  
Elena Esposito ◽  
Uwe Sunde
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Malaria Exposure ◽  
Light Density

Abstract:Malaria afflicts mankind since thousands of years and still imposes serious health impediments and considerable mortality on the affected populations. Empirical investigations of the role of malaria for economic development at the country level deliver mixed findings, however. We study the role of long-term malaria exposure on development today using disaggregate within-country variation for the whole of Africa with 1 × 1 degree cells as units of observation. Local development is measured by light density at night. Based on insights from epidemiology, which documents that genetic and acquired immunities reduce Malaria risk for adults in holoendemic areas, the effect is hypothesized to be nonlinear, with a peak for intermediate rather than high exposure to the pathogen. The empirical findings support this hypothesis. The results also suggest the existence of a significant moderating effect of genetic immunities measured by the prevalence of the sickle cell trait in the population.

Financial Development and Country-Level Advertising Spending: The Moderating Role of Economic Development and National Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Berrak Bahadir ◽  
S. Cem Bahadir
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Culture Dimensions ◽  
Advertising Spending ◽  
The Impact

Firms invest in brand capital through advertising. Financial constraints hinder firms’ ability to fund their investment projects. Empirical studies in the finance literature suggest that firms’ access to external financial resources, labeled “financial development,” affects their investment behavior. The authors take the view of advertising spending as investment in brands and study the effect of financial development on advertising spending at the country level using a panel of 59 developing and developed countries during 1990–2016. The results suggest that financial development has a positive and significant effect on advertising spending, and this effect is stronger in countries with a low level of economic development. Furthermore, the authors investigate the role of national culture dimensions including uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, collectivism, masculinity, and power distance in the relationship between financial development and advertising. Overall, the results provide evidence that the impact of financial development on advertising spending depends on the national culture dimensions.

scholarly journals THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY IN LITHUANIA: ANALYSIS OF TENDENCIES

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdas Ginevičius ◽  
Renata Korsakiene
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Income Development ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Development Paradigm

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the tendencies of knowledge‐based economy in Lithuania by looking at a knowledge economy's major dimensions ‐ the structure of economic activity and the infrastructure of knowledge economy. The knowledge‐based economy is the dominant post‐industrial economic development paradigm. The emergence of this paradigm in the 1980s created preconditions to emphasize the role of knowledge creation and distribution as the primary driver in the process of economic development and growth, the distribution of income, development of knowledge‐based networks among firms and the interface between government, business and citizens in the advanced economies.

Sociostructural Aspects of Socio-Economic Development:The role of Economic approach

2014 ◽  
pp. 86-105
Author(s):  
M. Shabanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The author discusses the importance of studying socio-structural factors of socio-economic development through a broader application of the economic approach. The resources of status positions of economic agents are in the spotlight. A possible platform for interdisciplinary interactions is proposed which allows to increase the contribution of both economics and sociology in improving governance at all levels.

Moral Factor of Social and Economic Progress

2007 ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bogomolov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Moral Atmosphere ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Moral Factor

The article reveals the influence of the spiritual and moral atmosphere in the society on economic development. The emphasis is put especially on the role of social confidence and social justice. The author indicates also some measures on improving the worsening moral situation in Russia.

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