Willingness of the Poor to Pay for Improved Access to Solid Waste Collection and Disposal Services

This study uses a contingent valuation method and multiple linear regression techniques to determine the factors that could affect the willingness to pay for solid waste collection and disposal services of householders residing in the squatter and low-cost flats in the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. One of the main problems experienced by many developing nations is the lack of service provisions, particularly in the low-income areas. Because such conditions adversely affect the quality of life of the poor, local stakeholders’ participation in social and environmental activities is necessary to resolve such socially undermining and environmentally degrading problems. In fact, tackling such a problem would require massive investment schemes by local governments. However, the governments of developing nations usually suffer from heavily burdened and stretched financial and economic resources and a high opportunity cost of funds. Therefore, society’s participation is logically and realistically needed for widening infrastructure and environmental service provisions.

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Design of a Municipal Solid Waste Collection System in Situations with a Lack of Resources: Nikki (Benin), a Case in Africa

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13041785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1785

Author(s):

Mar Carlos-Alberola ◽

Antonio Gallardo Izquierdo ◽

Francisco J. Colomer-Mendoza ◽

Esther Barreda-Albert

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Low Income ◽

Management Practices ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Collection System ◽

Solid Waste Collection ◽

Waste Management Practices ◽

The Town

Waste collection is one of the most important public services in a town. However, waste collection has not been effectively implemented in some places due to the lack of economic and management resources. The waste is placed in inappropriate sites with the consequent risks of pollution and unhealthy conditions for the inhabitants. Therefore, establishing a municipal solid waste collection plan can be complicated. The methodologies and techniques that work in countries with medium and high income levels cannot be extrapolated to others with low income level because the boundary conditions are widely different. The aim of this paper is to design a municipal solid waste collection system adapted to this type of situation where not much money can be invested and where data are limited. In these cases, municipalities need to use their existing resources effectively. This paper offers a methodology for these cases as well as a case study. The first step was to gather information about the type and amount of waste generated and the characteristics of the town. The second step was to propose the location of the bins and, finally, the waste collection routes. With all these data, the technical and human resources were set. The methodology used was validated in a real case, the town of Nikki (Benin) in Africa. The collection of three waste fractions was designed with the actual resources of the city in order to offer a realistic implementation. Similar situations can be found around the world, and this case study can be used as an example to improve the waste management practices in some places with low resources.

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Reverse Privatization as a Reaction to the Competitive Environment: Evidence from Solid Waste Collection in Germany

Review of Industrial Organization ◽

10.1007/s11151-021-09843-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juri Demuth ◽

Hans W. Friederiszick ◽

Steffen Reinhold

Keyword(s):

Interest Groups ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Service Provision ◽

Local Governments ◽

Public Services ◽

Competitive Environment ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Solid Waste Collection ◽

Local Service ◽

The Cost

AbstractAfter earlier waves of privatization, local governments have increasingly taken back control of local service provisions in some sectors and countries and instead started providing those services themselves (reverse privatization). Using a unique panel dataset on the mode of service provision for solid waste collection for German municipalities that cover the years 2003, 2009, and 2015, we investigate the motives for reverse privatization. Our results show that—in deciding whether to insource or not—municipalities react to the cost advantages of private suppliers as well as to the competitive environment and municipal activity: there is more switching to insourcing in concentrated markets and in markets with horizontally or vertically related public services. Local interest groups influence this decision as well.

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Economic valuation in selective solid waste collection

Sustentabilidade em Debate ◽

10.18472/sustdeb.v9n3.2018.18200 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 171-184

Author(s):

Anny Kariny Feitosa ◽

Júlia Elisabete Barden ◽

Odorico Konrad ◽

Manuel Arlindo Amador Matos

Keyword(s):

Willingness To Pay ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Contingent Valuation Method ◽

Economic Valuation ◽

Probit Model ◽

Marginal Effect ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Solid Waste Collection ◽

Valuation Method ◽

Selective Collection

This article aims to estimate the economic valuation of selective solid waste collection in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Northeast of Brazil, through the Contingent Valuation Method, presenting the average Willingness to Pay (WTP) of the respondents. Besides, it identifies the variables that influence WTP. The study involved bibliographical research and fieldwork, with 360 interviews, qualitative data analysis and statistical analysis of variables, through binary regression, using a probit model (probability unit), using STATA 11. It was found that 91.94% of the respondents recognize that selective collection contributes to the reduction of pollution, but only 37.50% would be willing to pay for the referred collection. Concerning the respondents with positive WTP, the average monthly WTP found was R$ 15.70. The higher or lower willingness to pay for the referred services was related to the variables gender, income and education. Based on the marginal effect, the variables with greater influence on WTP for selective collection in this study were gender (17.44%) and education (16.86%).

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Strategic waste management planning – the organization of municipal solid waste collection in Oulu, Finland*

Pollack Periodica ◽

10.1556/606.2015.10.2.13 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 145-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sari Piippo ◽

Paula Saavalainen ◽

Juhani Kaakinen ◽

Eva Pongrácz

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Solid Waste Collection ◽

Management Planning

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EQUATION MODEL FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION IN MANADO CITY

International Journal of Geomate ◽

10.21660/2017.40.74894 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (40) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Teddy Takaendengan

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Equation Model ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Solid Waste Collection

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Practical IoT-Enabled Monitoring Platform for Solid Waste Collection: A case study for the municipality of Baba Hassen, Algiers, Algeria

2021 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS) ◽

10.1109/iemtronics52119.2021.9422640 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aouache Mustapha ◽

Zaid Bousmina ◽

Ilyes Keskas ◽

Zakarya Guettatfi ◽

Abdelfetah Hentout ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Waste ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Solid Waste Collection ◽

Monitoring Platform

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Housing Programs for the Poor in Addis Ababa: Urban Commons as a Bridge between Spatial and Social

Journal of Urban History ◽

10.1177/0096144221989975 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009614422198997

Author(s):

Marianna Charitonidou

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Low Income ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Low Cost ◽

Development Program ◽

Housing Program ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

The Poor ◽

The Government

The article presents the reasons for which the issue of providing housing to low-income citizens has been a real challenge in Addis Ababa during the recent years and will continue to be, given that its population is growing extremely fast. It examines the tensions between the universal aspirations and the local realities in the case of some of Ethiopia’s most ambitious mass pro-poor housing schemes, such as the “Addis Ababa Grand Housing Program” (AAGHP), which was launched in 2004 and was integrated in the “Integrated Housing Development Program” (IHDP) in 2006. The article argues that the quotidian practices of communities and their socio-economic and cultural characteristics are related to the spatial attributes of co-housing practices. Drawing upon the idea that there is a mutual correspondence between social and spatial structures, it places particular emphasis on the analysis of the IHDP and aims to show that to shape strategies that take into account the social and cultural aspects of daily life of the poor citizens of Addis Ababa, it is pivotal to invite them to take part in the decision-making processes regarding their resettlement. Departing from the fact that a large percentage of the housing supply in Addis Ababa consists of informal unplanned housing, the article also compares the commoning practices in kebele houses and condominium units. The former refers to the legal informal housing units owned by the government and rented to their dwellers, whereas the latter concerns the housing blocks built in the framework of the IHDP for the resettlement of the kebele dwellers. The article analyzes these processes of resettlement, shedding light of the fact that kebele houses were located at the inner city, whereas the condominiums are located in the suburbs. Despite the fact that the living conditions in the condominium units are of a much higher quality than those in the kebele houses, their design underestimated or even neglected the role of the commoning practices. The article highlights the advantages of commoning practices in architecture and urban planning, and how the implementation of participation-oriented solutions can respond to the difficulties of providing housing. It argues that understanding the significance of the endeavors that take into account the opinions of dwellers during the phase of decision-making goes hand in hand with considering commoning practices as a source of architecture and urban planning frameworks for low-cost housing in this specific context. The key argument of the article is that urban planning and architecture solutions in Addis Ababa should be based on the principles of the so-called “negotiated planning” approach, which implies a close analysis of the interconnections between planning, infrastructure, and land.

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Combination of conditional cash transfer program and environmental health interventions reduces child mortality: an ecological study of Brazilian municipalities

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10649-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anelise Andrade de Souza ◽

Sueli Aparecida Mingoti ◽

Rômulo Paes-Sousa ◽

Leo Heller

Keyword(s):

Environmental Health ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Total Population ◽

Conditional Cash Transfer ◽

Cash Transfer ◽

Transfer Program ◽

Waste Collection ◽

High Coverage ◽

Solid Waste Collection ◽

Access To Water

Abstract Background This study aims to assess the interactive effects of Brazilian public interventions, environmental health programs (access to water, sanitation and solid waste collection) and a Conditional Cash Transfer Program (PBF), on the mortality reduction due to diarrhea and malnutrition among children under 5 years old. Methods The study design is ecological, with longitudinal analysis in a balanced panel. The period covered is 2006 to 2016, including 3467 municipalities from all regions of the country, which resulted in 38,137 observations. The generalized linear models were adjusted considering the Negative Binomial (NB) distribution for the number of deaths due to malnutrition and diarrhea, with fixed effects. NB models with and without zero-inflation were assessed. Subsequent interaction models were applied to assess the combined effects of the two public policies. Results In relation to the decline of mortality rates due to diarrhea in the municipalities, positive effect modification were observed in the presence of: high coverage of the target population by the PBF and access to water, 0.54 (0.28–1.04) / 0.55 (0.29–1.04); high coverage by the total population by the PBF and access to water, 0.97 (0.95–1.00) and high coverage by the total population by the PBF and access to sanitation, 0.98 (0.97–1.00). Decline on diarrhea mortality was also observed in the joint presence of high coverage of solid waste collection and access to water, categories 1 (> 60% ≤85%): 0.98 (0.96–1.00), 0.98 (0.97–1, 00) and 2 (> 85% ≤ 100%): 0.97 (0.95–0.98), 0.97 (0.95–0.99). Negative effect modification were observed for mortality due to malnutrition in the presence of simultaneous high coverage of the total population by the PBF and access to sanitation categories 1 (≥ 20 < 50%): 1.0061 (0.9991–1.0132) and 2 (≥ 50 < 100%): 1.0073 (1.0002–1.0145) and high coverage of the total population by the PBF and solid waste collection, 1.0004 (1.0002–1.0005), resulting in malnutrition mortality rates increase. Conclusion Implementation of environmental health services and the coverage expansion by the PBF may enhance the prevention of early deaths in children under 5 years old due to diarrhea, a poverty related disease.

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