Research-Based Forensic Analysis of a Vehicle Crash When Limited Information is Available: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-311
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Whetsel Borzendowski ◽  
Leah S. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Vehicle Crash ◽  
Incident Data

Forensic human factors analyses of personal injuries, including collisions, can be challenging when there is either limited evidence available and/or conflicting accounts of the events leading up to an incident. Gathering objective data under conditions representative of the incident in question can assist human factors practitioners in assessing the plausibility of certain facts and events, particularly in the aforementioned scenarios. The present work is part of the preliminary investigation of a collision in which little information was available about the incident. Data were gathered from nine participants to assist in determining a reasonable timeline of events leading up to impact between a disabled vehicle and a tractor trailer. The importance of reliance on such objective data as part of forensic analyses is discussed.

A Case Study Demonstrating the Utility of Surveillance Video in Assessing Gait Dynamics and Behavior During a Slip and Fall

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 550-554
Author(s):  
Leah S. Hartman ◽  
Stephanie A. Whetsel Borzendowski ◽  
Alan O. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Gait Dynamics ◽  
Fall Incident ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

As the use of surveillance video at commercial properties becomes more prevalent, it is more likely an incident involving a personal injury will be captured on film. This provides a unique opportunity for Human Factors practitioners involved in forensic investigations to analyze the behavior of the individual prior to, during, and after the event in question. It also provides an opportunity to gather unique and objective data. The present work describes a case study of a slip and fall where surveillance video and onsite measurements were combined and analyzed to quantify a plaintiff’s gait pattern. Using this type of analysis, we were able to determine that the plaintiff was likely aware that the floor was slippery and adjusted her gait and behavior prior to the slip and fall incident.

Evaluations for New Healthcare Environment Commissioning and Operational Decision Making Using Simulation and Human Factors: A Case Study of an Interventional Trauma Operating Room

2021 ◽  
pp. 193758672199966
Author(s):  
Mirette Dubé ◽  
Jason Laberge ◽  
Elaine Sigalet ◽  
Jonas Shultz ◽  
Christine Vis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
New Process ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Operational Decision Making

Purpose: The aim of this article is to provide a case study example of the preopening phase of an interventional trauma operating room (ITOR) using systems-focused simulation and human factor evaluations for healthcare environment commissioning. Background: Systems-focused simulation, underpinned by human factors science, is increasingly being used as a quality improvement tool to test and evaluate healthcare spaces with the stakeholders that use them. Purposeful real-to-life simulated events are rehearsed to allow healthcare teams opportunity to identify what is working well and what needs improvement within the work system such as tasks, environments, and processes that support the delivery of healthcare services. This project highlights salient evaluation objectives and methods used within the clinical commissioning phase of one of the first ITORs in Canada. Methods: A multistaged evaluation project to support clinical commissioning was facilitated engaging 24 stakeholder groups. Key evaluation objectives highlighted include the evaluation of two transport routes, switching of operating room (OR) tabletops, the use of the C-arm, and timely access to lead in the OR. Multiple evaluation methods were used including observation, debriefing, time-based metrics, distance wheel metrics, equipment adjustment counts, and other transport route considerations. Results: The evaluation resulted in several types of data that allowed for informed decision making for the most effective, efficient, and safest transport route for an exsanguinating trauma patient and healthcare team; improved efficiencies in use of the C-arm, significantly reduced the time to access lead; and uncovered a new process for switching OR tabletop due to safety threats identified.

The Creation of a Mental Health Policy in Higher Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 089590482110156
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Pilato ◽  
Madelyn P. Law ◽  
Miya Narushima ◽  
Shannon A. Moore ◽  
John A. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Student Voices ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive University ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Student Union ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Mental Wellness

The mental wellness of university students can be critical for their success. In an attempt to minimize stress for students, many universities have implemented a policy for a fall break with limited evidence to support its intended outcomes. This case study offers a critical appraisal of the formation of the fall break policy at one medium sized comprehensive university using qualitative and quantitative forms of evidence triangulated from (1) University Student Union survey, (2) document analysis and; (3) informant interview. The lack of uniformity on how the fall break is labelled, the timing of the break and its evaluation emerged as design flaws in the creation stage that perhaps, could have been mitigated if faculty and student voices were included in policy creation decisions.

Motorcyclists' Brake Operation, Motorcycle Brake Controls and a Case Study: The Need for Human Factors Engineering

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 890-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf G. Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Wheel Brake

A survey was made of the braking techniques reportedly used by 180 motorcyclists in a variety of conditions. Overall, the motorcyclists indicated that they used both front and rear brakes in hard braking 75% of the time on dry pavement and 47% on wet, but in other conditions they mostly used the rear brake first or exclusively. That the rear brake is preferred is not surprising because of the design of the brake controls and other reasons. Reliance on the rear brake at the expense of the front wheel brake leads to reduced deceleration. A crash case study exemplifies the effect. Integrated brakes, in which each brake control simultaneously activates the brakes on the front and rear wheels, are indicated by good human factors design and by motorcyclist's braking performance and should improve safety, especially when the brakes incorporate anti-locking mechanisms

Forensic Analysis of Microblogging Sites Using Pinterest and Tumblr as Case Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 243-279
Author(s):  
Briana McFadden ◽  
Elamathi Balasubramani ◽  
Wakama E. Miebaka
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Analysis

scholarly journals XML (almost) all the way

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
It Support ◽  
Source Journal ◽  
Almost All

In 2006 my university academic IT support group was approached by an academic colleague wanting to start a new journal, which would be available in electronic form only. There were restrictions imposed by the technical capabilities of the pool of authors, the requirements of the discipline, and — unsurprisingly — the lack of financial resources. The decision was made to implement a system using only open source software, and building largely from scratch, as the existing open source journal publishing systems at the time, although comprehensive and well-established, were seen as far too large and complex for the task. This paper is a case study describing the process and explaining the background to the decisions made. It attempts to draw some conclusions about the technical viability of creating a small-scale publishing system which attempted to retain XML throughout the workflow, and about the human factors which influenced the decisions.

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