scholarly journals The Structure of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20): A Meta-Analytic Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110338
Author(s):  
Ulrich Schroeders ◽  
Fiona Kubera ◽  
Timo Gnambs
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Dimensional Solution ◽  
Total N ◽  
Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽  
Method Factor ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Tas 20

Alexithymia is defined as the inability of persons to describe their emotional states, to identify the feelings of others, and a utilitarian type of thinking. The most popular instrument to assess alexithymia is the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Despite its widespread use, an ongoing controversy pertains to its internal structure. The TAS-20 was originally constructed to capture three different factors, but several studies suggested different factor solutions, including bifactor models and models with a method factor for the reversely keyed items. The present study examined the dimensionality of the TAS-20 using summary data of 88 samples from 62 studies (total N = 69,722) with meta-analytic structural equation modeling. We found support for the originally proposed three-dimensional solution, whereas more complex models produced inconsistent factor loadings. Because a major source of misfit stems from translated versions, the results are discussed with respect to generalizations across languages and cultural contexts.

scholarly journals The Structure of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20): A Meta-Analytic Confirmatory Factor Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Schroeders ◽  
Fiona Rachel Kubera ◽  
Timo Gnambs
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Dimensional Solution ◽  
Total N ◽  
Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽  
Method Factor ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Tas 20

Alexithymia is defined as the inability of persons to describe their emotional states, to identify the feelings of others, and a utilitarian type of thinking. The most popular instrument to assess alexithymia is the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Despite its widespread use, an ongoing controversy pertains to its internal structure. The TAS-20 was originally constructed to capture three different factors, but several studies suggested different factor solutions including bifactor models and models with a method factor for the reversely keyed items. The present study examined the dimensionality of the TAS-20 using summary data of 88 samples from 62 studies (total N = 69,722) with meta-analytic structural equation modeling. We found support for the originally proposed three-dimensional solution, whereas more complex models produced inconsistent factor loadings. Because a major source of misfit stems from translated versions, the results are discussed with respect to generalizations across languages and cultural contexts.

Further Insights Into the German Version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Reis
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Multidimensional Assessment ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Approximate Zero ◽  
Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling

Abstract. Interoception is defined as an iterative process that refers to receiving, accessing, appraising, and responding to body sensations. Recently, following an extensive process of development, Mehling and colleagues (2012) proposed a new instrument, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), which captures these different aspects of interoception with eight subscales. The aim of this study was to reexamine the dimensionality of the MAIA by applying maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis (ML-CFA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and Bayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM). ML-CFA, ESEM, and BSEM were examined in a sample of 320 German adults. ML-CFA showed a poor fit to the data. ESEM yielded a better fit and contained numerous significant cross-loadings, of which one was substantial (≥ .30). The BSEM model with approximate zero informative priors yielded an excellent fit and confirmed the substantial cross-loading found in ESEM. The study demonstrates that ESEM and BSEM are flexible techniques that can be used to improve our understanding of multidimensional constructs. In addition, BSEM can be seen as less exploratory than ESEM and it might also be used to overcome potential limitations of ESEM with regard to more complex models relative to the sample size.

Going through the motions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Kubovcikova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Reflective Measurement ◽  
Stability And Consistency

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the properties of the well-known three-dimensional adjustment scale, established by Black et al. (1988, 1989), namely, its dimensionality and internal consistency. The theoretical basis of the construct is discussed in relation to formative and reflective measurement approaches. Design/methodology/approach – Two different ways of organizing the adjustment items (random/non-random) were used to assess the internal consistency of the three-dimensional adjustment scale. The quantitative analysis presented is based on survey data from 468 assigned expatriates in Asia that were subjected to an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis as well as a structural equation modeling – more specifically the multiple indicators multiple causes model (MIMIC). Findings – The study revealed that the adjustment construct is possibly misspecified, especially the general adjustment dimension, that was tested as a formative, not a reflective scale. There is further evidence that the wrong measurement approach skewed the coefficient that connects adjustment to performance, which is the key construct in its nomological network. Moreover, the dimensionality and the internal consistency of the scale are deteriorated to a large extent by randomization of the items. The findings highlight the need for a clear concept definition that would lead to an appropriate operationalization of the construct. Originality/value – The study is one of the few rigorously testing the properties of a construct that has been used for almost 30 years, thus yielding some novel conclusions about its stability and consistency.

Contractual Complexity in Construction Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqian Wang ◽  
Yongqiang Chen ◽  
Shuibo Zhang ◽  
Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Scale Development ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Modeling Technique ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Item Scale

Building on the multifunctional perspective from current contract theory, we conceptualize contractual complexity as a three-dimensional construct to depict the explicitness and elaborateness of control, coordination, and adaptation provisions in a construction project contract. A 13-item scale with construction project features is developed for measuring the different aspects of contractual complexity following rigorous scale development procedures. Using the structural equation modeling technique, empirical testing results demonstrate that all of the three components contribute significantly to contractual complexity. Further analysis indicated that treating contractual complexity in the three-functional way outperforms the unidimensional one regarding power to explain satisfaction and strong-form opportunism.

scholarly journals Loneliness, Emotion Dysregulation, and Internalizing Symptoms During Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Velotti ◽  
Guyonne Rogier ◽  
Sara Beomonte Zobel ◽  
Rosetta Castellano ◽  
Renata Tambelli
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Our study aimed to test the hypotheses that an increased level of loneliness experienced during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confinement was predictive of internalizing symptoms and that this pathway was mediated by emotion dysregulation levels.Methods: To reach this aim, we performed an online longitudinal survey recruiting 1,330 participants at Time 1 (at the beginning of the lockdown) and 308 participants at Time 2 (few days before the end of the lockdown). All filled out a set of questionnaires: demographic data, University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale−18 items, and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale−21 items. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling in two steps and controlling for age. First, hypotheses were tested on cross-sectional data. Then, a cross-lagged panel analysis was performed on longitudinal data.Results: Models obtained a good fit and evidenced the predictive role of loneliness levels on the three outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress). Moreover, we found that emotion dysregulation levels partially mediated the longitudinal relationship between loneliness and both depression and stress but not between loneliness and anxiety levels.Conclusions: This study points out that a central goal of clinical intervention could be the ability to regulate negative emotional states.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI PENGARUH FAKTOR DAN VARIABEL YANG MEMENGARUHI CAPAIAN MUTU PELAKSANAAN PRESERVASI JEMBATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Novi Ari Nugroho ◽  
Iman Setyarno ◽  
Agus Taufik Mulyono ◽  
Latif Budi Suparma
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Public ◽  
Method Factor ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Material Factor

Abstract Bridges are an important part of a road network system, so they need to be kept functioning properly. Bridge preservation is one of the important and fundamental types of handling to maintain the condition of the bridge in good condition and restore the condition of the bridge to its original capacity so that it can serve effectively. The purpose of this study is to identify the contribution of the influence of factors and variables that affect the quality of the implementation of bridge preservation. Data analysis was based on the results of a survey of respondents who came from service users, service providers and the public who had been involved in implementing bridge preservation. The analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling method. The results showed that the implementation of bridge preservation factors and variables that influence the implementation of bridge preservation influence on the achievement of the quality of the bridge preserva-tion of 60.6%. The contribution of the influence of the factors that affect the quality of the implementation of the bridge preservation is the human resource factor contributing to the effect of 89.4%, a material factor of 81.8%, a method factor of 80.7%, a tool factor of 68.7%, a factor financial contribution of 54.0%, and environmental factors contributed an influence of 53.1%. To realize good quality achievements, the parties involved in implementing bridge preservation must pay attention to 6 factors and 33 important variables to be able to support these quality achievements. Keywords: bridge preservation; Structural Equation Modelling; influence contribution; quality achievement.  Abstrak Jembatan merupakan bagian yang penting dalam suatu sistem jaringan jalan, sehingga perlu dijaga agar tetap berfungsi dengan baik. Preservasi jembatan merupakan salah satu jenis penanganan yang penting dan mendasar untuk mempertahankan kondisi jembatan dalam kondisi baik dan mengembalikan kondisi jembatan sesuai kapasitas semula sehingga dapat melayani dengan efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi kontri-busi pengaruh dari faktor dan variabel yang memengaruhi capaian mutu pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan. Data analisis berdasarkan hasil survei terhadap responden yang berasal dari pengguna jasa, penyedia jasa dan publik yang pernah terlibat dalam pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode Structural Equation Modelling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan faktor dan variabel yang memengaruhi pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan memberikan pengaruh terhadap capaian mutu pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan sebesar 60,6%. Kontribusi pengaruh dari faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi capaian mutu pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan adalah faktor sumber daya manusia memberikan kontribusi pe-ngaruh sebesar 89,4%, faktor material sebesar 81,8%, faktor metode sebesar 80,7%, faktor alat sebesar 68,7%, faktor keuangan sebesar 54,0%, dan faktor lingkungan memberikan konstribusi pengaruh sebesar 53,1%. Untuk mewujudkan capaian mutu yang baik, pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan preservasi jembatan harus memerhatikan 6 faktor dan 33 variabel penting untuk dapat mendukung capaian mutu tersebut. Kata-kata kunci: preservasi jembatan; Structural Equation Modelling; kontribusi pengaruh; capaian mutu.

scholarly journals Correlation between the cross-sectional morphology of the mandible and the three-dimensional facial skeletal pattern: A structural equation modeling approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi So Ahn ◽  
Sang Min Shin ◽  
Te-Ju Wu ◽  
Dong Joon Lee ◽  
Ching-Chang Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
The Cross

ABSTRACT Objective: To clarify the relationship between the cross-sectional morphology of the mandible and vertical, transverse, and anteroposterior facial skeletal patterns using statistical shape analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). Materials and Methods: We used 150 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to obtain three-dimensional (3D) facial landmarks and cross-sectional images of the mandible. The morphology of the inner and outer cortices of the mandible was analyzed using statistical shape analysis, including generalized Procrustes analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Factor analysis was performed to determine factors pertaining to the skeletal measurements and shape variations for the inner and outer cortices, following which a structural equation model was constructed. Results: Using factor analysis, characteristics of the vertical, transverse, and anteroposterior facial skeletal patterns were determined. PCA of the cross-sectional morphology of the mandible revealed 70% of the cumulative proportion by PC1 and PC2 after generalized Procrustes superimpositions. SEM showed complex relationships between the facial skeletal patterns and variations in the cross-sectional morphology of the mandibular cortices. The influence of the transverse factors on the outer cortex as a latent variable was relatively significant (P = .057). However, the influence of the vertical factors on the outer and inner cortices was not significant. Conclusions: The transverse skeletal pattern is associated with the morphology of the outer cortex of the mandible.

scholarly journals Delimiting the concept of organizational commitment: empirical evidence of the overlap between the entrenchment and the continuance mindset

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (89) ◽  
pp. 338-358
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina de Aguiar Rodrigues ◽  
Antônio Virgílio Bittencourt Bastos ◽  
Daniela Campos Bahia Moscon
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Continuance Commitment ◽  
Covariance Models

Abstract In the research agenda on organizational commitment, the three-dimensional model of Meyer and Allen is still extensively used, despite the fact that it has been the focus of discussions about conceptual and empirical problems, especially those related to one of its dimensions (continuance commitment). This study introduces to the existing debate the concept of organizational entrenchment, as the worker's tendency to remain due to his evaluation of his employability, his employment alternatives outside the organization, and the costs associated with leaving the company. In the career field, researchers found evidence of overlap between entrenchment and continuance commitment. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis of overlap between these constructs within the organizational target, using structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 721 workers from different organizations and states in Brazil. We used SPSS 13.0 and AMOS 16.0 software. The two covariance models, both with good fit indices, provided evidence of overlap. In spite of the fact that the hypothesis was confirmed, we recommend further studies aimed at gathering additional empirical indicators showing that the continuance component represents the same phenomenon as organizational entrenchment, justifying its detachment from the concept of commitment.

scholarly journals Educational Rationality: Measurement, Correlates, and Consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Maciej Karwowski ◽  
Bogusław Milerski
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
School Students ◽  
Total N ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This paper introduces and empirically tests the model of tetragonal educational rationality that consists of four interrelated categories: hermeneutic, emancipatory, praxeological, and negational rationalities. Based on a large longitudinal study on primary and middle school students (total N = 1990), we investigated the psychometric properties of the Educational Rationalities Questionnaire (ERQ) and examined relevant correlates, antecedents and longitudinal consequences of the four rationalities. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the four-factor structure of the ERQ. Praxeological rationality was more prevalent than hermeneutic rationality, which was accepted more often than emancipatory and negational rationality. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that hermeneutic rationality was primarily driven by participants’ academic self-concept in their native language, as well as extraversion, neuroticism, and valuing creativity. Emancipatory rationality was linked to academic self-concept, valuing creativity, and agreeableness, while praxeological rationality was predicted by extraversion, school achievement, and valuing creativity. Finally, negational rationality was inversely linked with several individual characteristics: academic self-concept, agreeableness, and school achievement. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated that negational rationality was associated with lower grades and more negative emotions during lessons, while hermeneutic rationality was associated with school grades improvement. Emancipatory rationality was related to positive emotions felt during classes, yet negatively with grades. We discuss potential reasons and consequences of these findings.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Bermond–Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire: An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092199142
Author(s):  
Zhihao Wang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Katharina S. Goerlich ◽  
Riddhi J. Pitliya ◽  
Bob Bermond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
Acceptable Reliability ◽  
Tas 20

The Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) has been widely used to assess alexithymia. The Bermond–Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ) assesses two additional features of alexithymia—the affective factors of emotionalizing and fantasizing, which are not included in the TAS-20. However, there is currently no Chinese version of the BVAQ. Here, the authors collected data from 439 college students (293 females, aged 17–27, mean ± SD = 20.25 ± 1.88) to evaluate the psychometric properties for a Chinese BVAQ translation. Exploratory structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis provided satisfactory validity and acceptable reliability for a six-factor first-order solution of a 35-item Chinese BVAQ. This adaptation retained the five original BVAQ factors (identifying, analyzing, verbalizing, emotionalizing, and fantasizing) and further specified the factor of identifying (successful identifying and unsuccessful identifying feelings). The authors also found a two-factor second-order model of cognitive and affective components for alexithymia in the Chinese population. Higher correlations with the TAS-20 were observed for identifying, analyzing, and verbalizing feelings (0.34 ∼ 0.61) relative to fantasizing and emotionalizing (0.02 ∼ −0.05). These results support the construct validity of the adaptation. This work provides a reliable and valid Chinese adaptation of the BVAQ.

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