Poverty and Economic Pressure, Financial Assistance, and Children’s Behavioral Health in Kinship Care

2020 ◽  
pp. 107755952092656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Xu ◽  
Charlotte Lyn Bright ◽  
Richard P. Barth ◽  
Haksoon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Kinship Care ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Child Welfare Workers ◽  
Economic Pressure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

About half of kinship families live in poverty, and one third of them receive financial assistance such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and foster care payments. This study selected children who remained in kinship care ( N = 267) for three waves from nationally representative data and examined the longitudinal associations among poverty, economic pressure, financial assistance, and children’s behavioral health outcomes in kinship care. Results from multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models indicated that having economic pressure and receiving TANF were associated with increases in kinship children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. Receiving TANF exacerbated the effects of poverty on children’s externalizing problems, while receiving TANF buffered the negative effects of economic pressure on children’s internalizing problems. However, internalizing and externalizing problems were in the normal range, on average. The results imply that child welfare workers should assess kinship families’ subjective economic pressure in addition to objective poverty. Furthermore, policy makers should reconsider who receives TANF, how TANF is distributed to kinship families, and whether TANF meets kinship families’ needs.

scholarly journals Sleep duration and problem behaviour in 8-year-old children in the Childhood Obesity Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Guerlich ◽  
Dariusz Gruszfeld ◽  
Justyna Czech-Kowalska ◽  
Natàlia Ferré ◽  
Ricardo Closa-Monasterolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractThere is growing evidence that insufficient sleep has negative effects on the mental health of children. The aim of this study is to examine the associations between device-measured sleep duration and internalizing and externalizing problems in 8-year-old children. The study is a secondary analysis of data from the Childhood Obesity Project conducted in five European countries. Nocturnal sleep duration was measured with the SenseWear™ Armband 2. Parents rated their child’s internalizing and externalizing problems on the Child Behaviour Checklist. Behaviour scores were dichotomized at the 90th percentile based on sex- and country-specific z-scores. Logistic regression models were applied to test the associations between sleep duration and behaviour. Data were available for 406 8-year-old children. The average sleep duration was 9.25 h per night (SD: 0.67) with 1464 nights measured in total. The sleep duration recommendation of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine for school-aged children (9–12 h) was met by 66.7% of children. One hour of additional sleep per night significantly reduced the risk of having internalizing problems (adjusted OR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.29–0.91). Children who adhered to the sleep duration recommendation had a lower risk for internalizing problems (adjusted OR = 0.45; 95% CI 0.21–0.99). Sleep duration and externalizing problems showed no significant association. Longer sleep duration was associated with a reduced risk of having internalizing problems but not externalizing problems. Results highlight that it is important to ensure adequate sleep duration throughout primary-school years for the optimal emotional health of children. Trial registration number: NCT00338689. Registered: June 19, 2006.

The trajectories of child’s internalizing and externalizing problems, social competence and adolescent self-reported problems in a Finnish normal population sample

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Korhonen ◽  
Ilona Luoma ◽  
Raili K. Salmelin ◽  
Mika Helminen ◽  
Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
School Psychologists ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
High Level ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Group-based modeling techniques are increasingly used in developmental studies to explore the patterns and co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing problems. Social competence has been found to reciprocally influence internalizing and externalizing problems, but studies on its associations with different patterns of these problems are scarce. Using data from a Finnish longitudinal normal population sample, trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems were formed using the Child Behavior Checklist completed by the mother at the child’s age of 4- to 5-years-old, 8- to 9-years-old, and 16- to 17-years-old ( N = 261). The results indicate that adolescent’s self-reported internalizing and externalizing problems based on the Youth Self Report were associated with the trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems. Social competence both in early childhood and in adolescence was poorer among children with chronic internalizing problems and among those with adolescent-onset externalizing problems. One-third of the children who had a chronically high level of internalizing problems had an initially high but decreasing level of externalizing problems, while 33% of the adolescents with adolescent-onset externalizing problems had a chronically high level of internalizing problems. School psychologists are encouraged to screen for internalizing problems from children with behavioral, academic or social problems.

scholarly journals Associations of Family Functioning and Social Support With Psychopathology in Children of Mentally Ill Parents: Multilevel Analyses From Different Rating Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlit Sell ◽  
Claus Barkmann ◽  
Bonnie Adema ◽  
Anne Daubmann ◽  
Reinhold Kilian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Mentally Ill Parents

Offspring of mentally ill parents is at heightened risk for psychological symptoms. The identification of environmental factors that predict their mental health is crucial for the development of preventive and therapeutic measures. In the current study, we addressed the combined role of family functioning and social support by taking mentally ill patients’, their partners’, and children’s perspectives into account. The cross-sectional sample included n=195 families (195 patients, 127 partners, and 295 children). Family members completed questionnaires related to family functioning, social support as well as parental and child psychopathology. We conducted multilevel analyses to investigate the associations with internalizing and externalizing problems in children. Family functioning and social support were significantly associated with child internalizing and externalizing problems. However, results varied depending on the rating perspective. We found significant interaction effects of family functioning and social support on child psychopathology. The findings point to the importance of family functioning and social support as potential targets for interventions. Findings should be replicated in future longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Gender differences in externalizing and internalizing problems in Singaporean children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsz Wing Ivy Lau ◽  
Choon Guan Lim ◽  
Sanchalika Acharryya ◽  
Nikki Lim-Ashworth ◽  
Yi Ren Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Abstract Background Studies on gender differences in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidities in the Asian populations have been limited and previous studies have shown inconclusive findings. Singapore is a city-state country in Southeast Asia with a population of 5.7 million. This study examined gender differences in internalizing and externalizing problems in Singaporean children and adolescents with ADHD. The plausible social factors underlying the gender differences were discussed. Methods A total of 773 participants (aged 6 to 18, 88% males) newly diagnosed with ADHD were recruited from the largest public child and adolescent psychiatric center in Singapore. Their internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed using the Child Behavioral Checklist and Teacher’s Report Form by parents and teachers respectively. Demographics and relevant social factors were collected using parent questionnaires. Results Females with ADHD were reported to have less delinquent and aggressive behavior but more depressive symptoms than their male counterparts, similar to findings in the Western literature. Gender remained a significant predictor of externalizing problem after controlling for other factors. Lower socioeconomic status and parental use of physical punishment were significant predictors of both internalizing and externalizing problems. Conclusions Gender differences in ADHD comorbidities do exist in the Asian clinical population. The lack of externalizing symptoms in females with ADHD has made timely referral and diagnosis challenging. More research is needed in understanding the gender differences in ADHD and the biopsychosocial mechanism underlying the differences in order to improve the detection of ADHD in females.

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