Neighborhood Social Cohesion as a Mediator of Neighborhood Conditions on Mothers’ Engagement in Physical Activity: Results From the Geographic Research on Wellbeing Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Yuma-Guerrero ◽  
Catherine Cubbin ◽  
Kirk von Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion

Abstract P280: Neighborhood Social Cohesion Does Not Moderate the Association of Neighborhood Walkability With Aerobic Physical Activity in Latino Adults: The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2015

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Layton M Reesor ◽  
Daphne C Hernandez ◽  
Ezemenari M Obasi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Physical Activity Guideline ◽  
Neighborhood Safety ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Latino Adults

Introduction: Neighborhood walkability and neighborhood social cohesion have been shown to contribute to physical activity. However, limited research has examined neighborhood social cohesion as a moderator in the association between neighborhood walkability and aerobic physical activity among Latino adults. We examined associations of neighborhood walkability using measures assessing built environment and safety, with meeting the aerobic activity guideline among a large nationally representative diverse sample of Latino adults. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from 4,765 NHIS 2015 Latino participants 18 years of age and older. Neighborhood walkability was assessed based on self-reported measures of built environment (e.g., presence of sidewalks, presence of paths/trails) and neighborhood safety (e.g., presence of traffic, crime). A neighborhood walkability score was created by combining the built environment and neighborhood safety items, with a higher score indicating higher walkability. Aerobic activity was categorized as meeting versus not meeting the aerobic activity guideline, based on 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans . Neighborhood social cohesion was measured based on self-reported items assessing perceived neighborhood social cohesion. Survey logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios [OR] and 95% confidence intervals [CI], with covariates adjusting for age, sex, education, acculturation, and neighborhood social cohesion. Effect modification by neighborhood social cohesion was tested by inclusion of a neighborhood walkability and neighborhood social cohesion interaction term. Results: On average the sample was 44 years old, 44% were male, 36% had less than a high school education, and 58% were foreign-born. After adjusting for age, sex, education, and acculturation, a one-unit higher neighborhood walkability score was associated with significantly higher odds of meeting the aerobic physical activity guideline (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.11), relative to not meeting the aerobic activity guideline. After adding neighborhood social cohesion to the adjusted model, the association between neighborhood walkability and meeting the aerobic activity guideline was slightly attenuated, but remained significant (OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11). Results from the effect modification test indicated that the neighborhood walkability and neighborhood social cohesion interaction term was not significant. Conclusions: These findings suggest that neighborhood walkability contributes to meeting the aerobic physical activity guideline among Latino adults. However, neighborhood social cohesion does not moderate the association between neighborhood walkability and meeting the aerobic activity guideline.

scholarly journals Association between neighborhood social cohesion, awareness of chronic diseases, and participation in healthy behaviors in a community cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Rosenblatt ◽  
Deidra C. Crews ◽  
Neil R. Powe ◽  
Alan B. Zonderman ◽  
Michele K. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Disease Awareness ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Management Behaviors

Abstract Background Neighborhood social cohesion (NSC) is the network of relationships as well as the shared values and norms of residents in a neighborhood. Higher NSC has been associated with improved cardiovascular health, largely among Whites but not African Americans. In a bi-racial cohort, we aimed to study the association between NSC and chronic disease awareness and engagement in healthy self-management behaviors, two potential mechanisms by which NSC could impact cardiovascular health outcomes. Methods Using the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan Study (HANDLS), we cross-sectionally examined the association between NSC and awareness of three chronic conditions (diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and hypertension) and engagement in healthy self-management behaviors including physical activity, healthy eating, and cigarette avoidance. Results Study participants (n = 2082) had a mean age of 56.5 years; 38.7% were White and 61.4% African American. Of the participants, 26% had diabetes, 70% had hypertension and 20.2% had CKD. Mean NSC was 3.3 (SD = 0.80) on a scale of 1 (lowest score) to 5 (highest score). There was no significant association between NSC and any chronic disease awareness, overall or by race. However, each higher point in mean NSC score was associated with less cigarette use and healthier eating scores, among Whites (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: =0.76, 0.61–0.94; beta coefficient [βc]:, 95% CI: 1.75; 0.55–2.97, respectively) but not African Americans (aOR = 0.95, 0.79–1.13; βc: 0.46, − 0.48–1.39, respectively; Pinteraction = 0.08 and 0.06). Among both Whites and African Americans, higher NSC scores were associated with increases in self-reported physical activity (βc: 0.12; 0.08–0.16; Pinteraction = 0.40). Conclusions Community engagement and neighborhood social cohesion may be important targets for promotion of healthy behaviors and cardiovascular disease prevention. More research is needed to understand the different associations of NSC and healthy behaviors by race.

Abstract P284: Social Engagement and Cardiovascular Risk Behaviors: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Samuel ◽  
Cheryl R Dennison Himmelfarb ◽  
Teresa E Seeman ◽  
Sandra E Echeverria ◽  
Moyses Szklo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion

Although social engagement is important to health behaviors, prior studies mostly considered only one of multiple different dimensions of it, with inconsistent results. Presence of countervailing or interacting influences of different types of social engagement may account for prior conflicting findings. This study identifies which dimensions of social engagement are associated with risk behaviors of smoking, low levels of physical activity, and a diet poor of fruit and vegetable intake. Cross-sectional data from 5004 participants, aged 45-84 from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis was used. Social support was measured using the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument, loneliness with a three item instrument derived from the revised University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, and neighborhood social cohesion with the instrument from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. Prevalence ratios of behaviors associated with standardized social engagement variables were modeled with Poisson regression, using robust standard errors. In unadjusted analyses, higher social support and neighborhood social cohesion were associated with slightly lower prevalence of smoking (prevalence ratio, PR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.77-0.87, and PR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.98, respectively) and slightly higher likelihood of achieving recommended levels of physical activity (PR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.07, and PR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.07, respectively). Higher loneliness was associated with slightly higher prevalence of smoking (PR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.10-1.24) and slightly less physical activity (PR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.98 ) . Associations of social support and loneliness with smoking, and associations of social support and neighborhood cohesion with physical activity, persisted after adjusting for individual characteristics. After further adjusting for all dimensions of social engagement, only neighborhood social cohesion remained associated with very slightly higher probability of achieving recommended physical activity levels (PR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.05), and only social support remained associated with lower prevalence of smoking (PR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.94) and higher probability of quitting, amongst those who had ever smoked (PR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06). Social support interacted with loneliness (p for interaction=0.001), such that these associations were present only amongst non-lonely individuals (PR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.86). In fully adjusted models, no associations were found for fruit and vegetable intake. This study is among the first to simultaneously investigate several dimensions of social engagement and their interactions in relation to risk behaviors. Social support is more consistently associated with smoking than other dimensions of social engagement and this association appears to be modified by loneliness.

Neighborhood social cohesion and physical activity and obesity outcomes among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander individuals

Obesity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Wang ◽  
Marie‐Rachelle Narcisse ◽  
Selenne Alatorre ◽  
Andrea T. Kozak ◽  
Pearl A. McElfish
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Native Hawaiian ◽  
Pacific Islander ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion

Multiple Health Behaviors Engagement in an African American Cohort: Clustering Patterns and Correlates

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalnim Cho ◽  
Nga T. Nguyen ◽  
Larkin L. Strong ◽  
Ivan H. C. Wu ◽  
Jemima C. John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Multiple Health Behaviors ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Multiple Health ◽  
Clustering Patterns ◽  
Lower Physical Activity

We investigated class clustering patterns of four behaviors—physical activity, fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake, smoking, and alcohol use—in a faith-based African American cohort. Guided by socio-ecological models, we also examined the psychosocial and neighborhood social environmental factors associated with the clustering patterns. Participants were 1,467 African American adults recruited from a mega church in the metropolitan Houston, TX, in 2008-2009. They completed a survey and health assessment. Latent class analysis and multinomial regression analysis were conducted. Results supported a three-class model: Class 1 was characterized by low physical activity, low F&V intake, and low substance use (smoking and alcohol use). Class 2 was characterized by high physical activity, low F&V intake, and mild drinking. Class 3 seemed to be the healthiest group, characterized by high physical activity, moderate-to-high F&V intake, and low substance use. The probabilities of being included in Classes 1, 2, and 3 were .33, .48, and .19, respectively. Participants in Class 1 (vs. Class 3) reported lower physical activity norm ( p < .001) and higher smoking norm ( p = .002) and lower neighborhood social cohesion ( p = .031). Participants in Class 2 (vs. Class 3) reported higher cancer risk perception ( p < .001), lower F&V norm ( p = .022), lower physical activity norm ( p < .001), higher smoking norm ( p < .001), and lower social cohesion ( p = .047). As health behaviors are clustered together, future interventions for African Americans may consider targeting multiple health behaviors instead of targeting a single health behavior. Interventions addressing social norm and neighborhood social cohesion may enhance multiple health behaviors engagement in this population.

Neighborhood social cohesion and youth participation in physical activity in Chicago

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie L. Cradock ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Graham A. Colditz ◽  
Steven L. Gortmaker ◽  
Stephen L. Buka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Youth Participation ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion

scholarly journals Neighborhood Walkability and Overweight/Obese Weight Status Among Latino Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Layton M. Reesor-Oyer ◽  
Daphne C. Hernandez ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Ezemenari M. Obasi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Latino Adults

Purpose: To examine whether aerobic physical activity mediates the association between neighborhood walkability and overweight/obesity weight status among Latino adults and whether the relative contribution of this pathway linking neighborhood walkability and aerobic activity varies by level of neighborhood social cohesion. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2015. Sample: NHIS adult Latino participants ≥18 years of age (n = 4303). Measures: Neighborhood walkability, neighborhood social cohesion, body mass index, and aerobic physical activity. Analysis: To determine whether physical activity mediates the relationship of walkability with overweight/obese weight status, a simple mediation analysis was conducted. Additionally, a moderated mediation analysis was conducted to test whether neighborhood social cohesion had a moderating effect on this relationship. Results: On average, the sample was 41 years old, 51% were male, 34% had less than a high school education, and 57% were foreign-born. Neighborhood walkability was statistically significantly related to overweight/obese weight status (standardized effect= −0.05, standard error [SE] = 0.02, P = .01). The interaction between walkability and neighborhood social cohesion on physical activity was not significant (standardized effect = 0.06, SE = 0.03, P = .09). Thus, the indirect effect of walkability on overweight/obesity weight status through physical activity was not shown to be modified by neighborhood social cohesion. Conclusion: Other neighborhood environment factors may play a role in the contribution of neighborhood walkability to overweight/obese weight status among Latinos.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Depressive Symptoms Among Latinos: Does Use of Community Resources for Physical Activity Matter?

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1361-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian G. Perez ◽  
Elva M. Arredondo ◽  
Thomas L. McKenzie ◽  
Margarita Holguin ◽  
John P. Elder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Test Strategies ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion

Background:Greater neighborhood social cohesion is linked to fewer depressive symptoms and greater physical activity, but the role of physical activity on the relationship between neighborhood social cohesion and depression is poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of physical activity on the association between neighborhood social cohesion and depressive symptoms.Methods:Multivariate logistic regression tested the moderation of self-reported leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LTMVPA) and active use of parks or recreational facilities on the association between neighborhood social cohesion and depressive symptoms among 295 randomly selected Latino adults who completed a face-to-face interview.Results:After adjusting for age, gender, and income, neighborhood social cohesion and depressive symptoms were inversely related (OR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.5–1.2). Active use of parks or recreational facilities moderated the association between neighborhood social cohesion and depressive symptoms but meeting the recommendations for LTMVPA did not. Latinos who reported active use of parks or recreational facilities and higher levels of neighborhood social cohesion had fewer depressive symptoms than peers who did not use these spaces.Conclusions:Future studies are needed to test strategies for promoting active use of parks or recreational facilities to address depression in Latinos.

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