Giant Cell Myocarditis in Children: Elusive Giant Cells Might Not Be the Only Clue

2021 ◽  
pp. 109352662110449
Author(s):  
Chrystalle Katte Carreon ◽  
Jonathon A. Hagel ◽  
Kevin P. Daly ◽  
Antonio R. Perez-Atayde
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis

Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a form of fulminant myocarditis that is rapidly progressive and frequently lethal even in children. Over the course of 20 years, a definitive histopathologic diagnosis of GCM has been made at our institution in only two pediatric patients, and in neither instance was the diagnosis of GCM rendered on initial cardiac biopsy. We present the two patients and highlight the similarities in their clinical presentation and their challenging and inconclusive- albeit histologically similar- initial cardiac biopsy findings.

scholarly journals Giant cell myocarditis: evidence for the macrophage origin of the giant cells.

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Theaker ◽  
K C Gatter ◽  
A Heryet ◽  
D J Evans ◽  
J O McGee
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis

scholarly journals IDIOPATHIC GIANT CELL MYOCARDITIS PRESENTING AS SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH- A RARE CASE REPORT

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Harish S. Permi
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cellular Infiltration ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Unexplained Death ◽  
Rare Case Report

Abstract:Idiopathic giant cell myocarditis is a disease of relatively young, predominantly healthy adults which is usually known to cause death in more than half of the cases of sudden death due to heart failure and ventricular arrhythmia. The typical histological features are myocardial necrosis and a rich cellular infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, plasma cells and multinucleated giant cells. We report a rare case of idiopathic giant cell myocarditis in a 32 year old healthy male who died suddenly and stress the need to consider as one of the cause of unexplained death in young adults on autopsy.

scholarly journals Cardiac Sarcoidosis or Giant Cell Myocarditis? On Treatment Improvement of Fulminant Myocarditis as Demonstrated by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Bogabathina ◽  
Peter Olson ◽  
Vikas K. Rathi ◽  
Robert W. W. Biederman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Pathological Differentiation ◽  
Treatment Improvement

Giant cell myocarditis, but not cardiac sarcoidosis, is known to cause fulminant myocarditis resulting in severe heart failure. However, giant cell myocarditis and cardiac sarcoidosis are pathologically similar, and attempts at pathological differentiation between the two remain difficult. We are presenting a case of fulminant myocarditis that has pathological features suggestive of cardiac sarcoidosis, but clinically mimicking giant cell myocarditis. This patient was treated with cyclosporine and prednisone and recovered well. This case we believe challenges our current understanding of these intertwined conditions. By obtaining a sense of severity of cardiac involvement via delayed hyperenhancement of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, we were more inclined to treat this patient as giant cell myocarditis with cyclosporine. This resulted in excellent improvement of patient’s cardiac function as shown by delayed hyperenhancement images, early perfusion images, and SSFP videos.

scholarly journals H3F3A ‐mutated Giant Cell Tumour of Bone without Giant Cells ‐ Clinical Presentation, Radiology, and Histology of Three Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Leinauer¹ ◽  
Eduard Wolf ◽  
Mathias Werner ◽  
Daniel Baumhoer ◽  
Thomas Breining ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Giant Cell Tumour ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cell Tumour

scholarly journals Fulminant Giant Cell Myocarditis vs. Lymphocytic Myocarditis: A Comparison of Their Clinical Characteristics, Treatments, and Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Hu ◽  
Jie Ren ◽  
Xueqi Dong ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Yi Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Lymphocytic Myocarditis ◽  
Hs Crp

Objectives: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a rapidly progressive and frequently fatal form of myocarditis that has been difficult to classify. This study aims to compare the clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes in patients with fulminant giant cell myocarditis (FGCM) and fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis (FLM).Methods and Results: In our retrospective study, nine patients with FGCM (mean age 47.9 ± 7.5 years, six female) and 7 FLM (mean age 42.1 ± 12.3 years, four female) patients confirmed by histology in the last 11 years were included. Most patients with FGCM and FLM were NYHA functional class IV (56 vs. 100%, p = 0.132). Patients with FGCM had significantly lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP, 4.4 (2.0–10.2) mg/L vs. 13.6 (12.6–14.6) mg/L, P = 0.004, data shown as the median with IQR], creatine kinase-myoglobin [CK-MB, 1.4 (1.0–3.2) ng/ml vs. 14.6 (3.0–64.9) ng/ml, P = 0.025, median with IQR], and alanine aminotransferase [ALT, 38.0 (25.0–61.5) IU/L vs. 997.0 (50.0–3,080.0) IU/L, P = 0.030, median with IQR] and greater right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD) [2.9 ± 0.3 cm vs. 2.4 ± 0.6 cm, P = 0.034, mean ± SD] than those with FLM. No differences were observed in the use of intra-aortic balloon pump (44 vs. 43%, p = 1.000) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (11 vs. 43%, p = 0.262) between the two groups. The long-term survival rate was significantly lower in FGCM group compared with FLM group (0 vs. 71.4%, p = 0.022). A multivariate cox regression analysis showed the level of hs-CRP (hazard ratio = 0.871, 95% confidence interval: 0.761–0.996, P = 0.043) was an independent prognostic factor for FM patients. Furthermore, the level of hs-CRP had a good ability to discriminate between patients with FGCM and FLM (AUC = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.4213–0.9964).Conclusions: The inflammatory response and myocardial damage in the patients with FGCM were milder than those with FLM. Patients with FGCM had distinctly poorer prognoses compared with those with FLM. Our results suggest that hs-CRP could be a promising prognostic biomarker and a hs-CRP level of 11.71 mg/L is an appropriate cutoff point for the differentiating diagnosis between patients with FGCM and FLM.

Giant cell myocarditis after mitral valve replacement: Case report and studies of the nature of giant cells

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold B. Rabson ◽  
Frederick J. Schoen ◽  
Michael J. Warhol ◽  
Gilbert H. Mudge ◽  
John J. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis

Giant cell myocarditis: Monocytic immunophenotype of giant cells in a case associated with ulcerative colitis

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio Ariza ◽  
M.Dolores López ◽  
JoséL Mate ◽  
Antoni Curós ◽  
María Villagrasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis
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