A retrospective analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathological lesions in a group of Egyptian children over 21 years

Objectives The goal of the current study was to evaluate the relative frequency of oral and maxillofacial pathological lesions among Egyptian children. Materials and methods Records of biopsies submitted to the department of oral and maxillofacial pathology from the year 1999 to 2019 were retrieved and reassessed for all cases under the age of 18 years. Information on age, sex, location of the lesion, and the histopathologic diagnosis was analyzed. Results Over the course of twenty-one years, 1108 specimens were analyzed where reactive soft tissue lesions, which accounted for 397 (35.8%) of all cases ranked the highest presented category, followed by inflammatory odontogenic cysts, which accounted for 213 cases (19.2%). With 208 cases, the inflammatory radicular cyst was on the top of the most common 20 lesions, followed by pyogenic granuloma (160 cases). Malignancy was found in 19 cases, with soft tissue tumors (10 cases) being the most common, followed by salivary gland (5 cases) and bone pathologies (4 cases). Conclusions The frequency of oral and maxillofacial pathological lesions among Egyptian children increased over the years but remained consistent with global trends. Clinical relevance This is the first study evaluating the relative frequency of oral and maxillofacial pathological lesions among Egyptian children and provides an insight into the most commonly encountered pediatric pathologies. This may aid in the understanding of the most prevalent oral lesions that impact the pediatric population, as well as providing the key to early detection of lesions.

Canine Intrapelvic Hemangiosarcoma in 12 Dogs (2000–2019): a Retrospective Case Series

ABSTRACT Intrapelvic hemangiosarcoma (IP HSA) is an uncommon primary location of canine HSA, and its presentation appears to be different than that of other intra-abdominal HSA locations. The objectives of this study were to report on the clinical presentation, diagnostic options, and clinical outcomes of dogs with IP HSA. Medical records from two veterinary teaching hospitals between 2000 and 2019 were reviewed for dogs diagnosed with IP HSA. Inclusion criteria consisted of a cytologic or histopathologic diagnosis of HSA from a mass arising from the muscles of the pelvic canal. Exclusion criteria included masses arising from organs within the pelvic canal, including the urethra, prostate, and urinary bladder. Twelve dogs were ultimately included in the study. Clinical presentation of IP HSA was varied, with clinical signs including hindlimb lameness, urethral obstruction, and evidence of hemoperitoneum. The median progression free survival was 92 days (range: 1–1057 days). The overall survival time was 165 days (range: 1–1170 days). IP HSA is an underreported location of canine HSA with similar biologic behavior and outcome compared with visceral HSA. It serves as an important differential in patients presenting with new-onset lameness and urethral obstruction.

Giant Adrenal Lipoma with Hemorrhage Requiring Extended Surgical Resection

Adrenal lipoma is a rare, benign tumor, reported to account for 0.7% of primary adrenal tumors. A 69-year-old man presented with left lateral abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) was performed, and a huge, irregularly shaped retroperitoneal tumor of uneven internal density was identified, with the border between the tumor and the pancreas and kidney being unclear. Active hemorrhage was also depicted. The tumor consisted mainly of fat, with the exception of the hematoma; it measured 200 mm; and the boundary between it and nearby organs, such as the pancreas, was unclear. Despite angiography being performed twice, the responsible vessel was not identified. Thus, for the purpose of both diagnosis and treatment, we resected the tumor, and considering the possibility of a malignancy, such as liposarcoma, we also resected the pancreatic body and tail and the spleen. The final histopathologic diagnosis was benign adrenal lipoma with hemorrhage, with no invasion to surrounding tissue. Hemorrhage within an adrenal tumor is rare. Most adrenal lipomas are small “incidentalomas” and asymptomatic. With development of a large adrenal lipoma comes the possibility of hemorrhage along with the possibility of features suggestive of malignancy. We encountered a giant adrenal lipoma with hemorrhage and, because of the aforementioned features, performed extended surgical resection, seen in retrospect as oversurgery. The widespread use of CT has led to an increased number of reported cases of adrenal lipoma. We anticipate an accumulation of case reports, which will allow for development of an appropriate treatment algorithm.

Metastatic Clear Renal-Cell Carcinoma Mimicking Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the thyroid is a rare yet aggressive histopathologic diagnosis, which may often be omitted from the initial clinical differential. This is in part due to the long latency period between the initial renal primary and appearance of metastatic disease, coupled with the diagnostic limitations of fine-needle aspiration biopsies. We herein present an interesting case of a metastatic clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma mimicking an aggressive primary thyroid neoplasm, 10 years after a nephrectomy for a renal primary, highlighting key diagnostic and management considerations.

Pitfalls in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Meningioma: Report of Three Rare Variants of Meningioma and Literature Review

Meningioma is a common primary tumor of the central nervous system and one of the most encountered brain tumors. Although classic histopathologic features of meningioma are relatively common and make its diagnosis straightforward, certain variants possess unusual histologic features causing diagnostic challenges. We reported three cases of clear cell meningioma, microcytic meningioma, and angiomatous meningioma report, variants with potential deceptive morphologies, and discuss their distinguishing morphologic features.

Verruciform xanthoma in groin – A case report

Verruciform xanthoma is a rare benign mucocutaneous lesion. Extra oral sites are also reported mainly on vulva, groin, penis and scrotum. Histopathologic diagnosis is diagnostic and confirmative. Histopathology shows subepithelial lipid laden foamy histiocytes associated with hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, papillomatosis and elongation of rete ridges. Here we report a case of Verruciform xanthoma in groin.