scholarly journals Applying Neuroscience to Emergent Processes in Teams

2020 ◽  
pp. 109442812091551
Author(s):  
Danni Wang ◽  
David A. Waldman ◽  
Pierre A. Balthazard ◽  
Maja Stikic ◽  
Nicola M. Pless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Team Dynamics ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The Real ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Quantitative Electroencephalogram ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Problem Solving Task ◽  
Over Time

In this article, we describe how neuroscience can be used in the study of team dynamics. Specifically, we point out methodological limitations in current team-based research and explain how quantitative electroencephalogram technology can be applied to the study of emergent processes in teams. In so doing, we describe how this technology and related analyses can explain emergent processes in teams through an example of the neural assessment of attention of team members who are engaged in a problem-solving task. Specifically, we demonstrate how the real-time, continuous neural signatures of team members’ attention in a problem-solving context emerges in teams over time. We then consider how further development of this technology might advance our understanding of the emergence of other team-based constructs and research questions.

The Influence of Process Management: Uncovering the Impact of Real-Time Managerial Interventions via a Topic Modeling Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Joshua Gyory ◽  
Kenneth Kotovsky ◽  
Jonathan Cagan
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Topic Model ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Design Cognition ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Conceptual Engineering ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Computationally studying team discourse can provide valuable, real-time insights into the state of design teams and design cognition during problem-solving. The particular experimental design, adopted from previous work by the authors, places one of the design team conditions under the guidance of a human process manager. In that work, teams under this process management outperformed the unmanaged teams in terms of their design performance. This opens the opportunity to not only model design discourse during problem solving, but more critically, to explore process manager interventions and their impact on design cognition. Utilizing this experimental framework, a topic model is trained on the discourse of human designers of both managed and unmanaged teams collaboratively solving a conceptual engineering design task. Results show that the two team conditions significantly differ in a number of the extracted topics, and in particular, those topics that most pertain to the manager interventions. A dynamic look during the design process reveals that the largest differences between the managed and unmanaged teams occur during the latter half of problem-solving. Furthermore, a before and after analysis of the topic-motivated interventions reveals that the process manager interventions significantly shift the topic mixture of the team members’ discourse immediately after intervening. Taken together, these results from this work not only corroborate the effect of the process manager interventions on design team discourse and cognition but provide promise for the computational detection and facilitation of design interventions based on real-time, discourse data.

Underwater Mining Vehicle Position and Azimuth Determining System Interface Programming

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 3211-3215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhi ◽  
Han Mei Gou
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Position Data ◽  
Time Record ◽  
Underwater Mining ◽  
Vehicle Position ◽  
Over Time

The underwater mining vehicle position and azimuth determining system employs the inertial integration to precisely track the mining vehicle, measure and solve numerical values of the mining vehicle’s speed to the true north and its coordinates in real time, and incorporates the odometer to continuously correct the error of the inertial navigation over time, which require the real-time record of the mining vehicle’s position data and graphing them to show. We adopt the VC++ software design to realize the control of the view displaying interface.

The making and unmaking of teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1891-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Einola ◽  
Mats Alvesson
Keyword(s):  
Team Dynamics ◽  
Team Processes ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Structure ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Working Through ◽  
Team Task ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Temporary Teams

Contemporary expert organizations rely heavily on cross-border, often temporary teams typically working through virtual means of communication. While static aspects of teams are well researched, there have been considerably fewer studies on team dynamics and team processes. Existing process studies tend to take a cautious, entity-based approach, emphasizing team structure as much as (or even more than) processual aspects. This article represents a shift from studying teams as entities and structures changing over time to studying teams as an on-going process. Participants engage in teaming and thus in the continued making and sometimes unmaking of teams. We report on a study of three anatomically similar, self-managed teams performing the same set of complex tasks with radically different teaming processes. With more or less successful shared sensemaking, the team members collectively create (or fail to create) not only team task outputs but also the team itself.

scholarly journals Utilizing microcomputer-based laboratory in inquiry-based chemistry learning

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Simo Tolvanen ◽  
Maija Aksela
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Laboratory Work ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Inquiry Skills ◽  
Chemistry Learning ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Further Development

In inquiry-based chemistry learning, students can seek answers to research questions by designing and implementing a laboratory work and evaluating the results. Microcomputer-based laboratory equipment that enable the drawing of graphs about the studied phenomenon in real-time, can be utilized in the practical work. In international COMBLAB project, six practical laboratory activities have been developed for chemistry education. The aim of the activities is to support the students’ ability to use their knowledge about chemistry in reasoning and develop their inquiry skills. In the development of the activities, previous research on the benefits and challenges of the use of microcomputer-based laboratory was taken into account, and the designed activities have been tested with teachers and students in five countries. The project is now half way through and seeks interested teachers for the further development of the activities.

Quotative be like in American English

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
American English ◽  
Generational Change ◽  
The Real ◽  
Over Time

This article investigates quotative use in American English in apparent and real time. The use of quotative be like, go and say in a corpus of conversation in American English dating 2004 / 2005 is compared with use in a similar corpus dating 1995 / 1996 (Barbieri 2007). Findings show that in present-day American English be like is the favorite choice for all speakers below age 40, and is extremely popular among young teenagers. The real time comparison reveals that speakers who in the mid-1990s were in their teens to mid-20s have not only maintained, but considerably increased use of be like over time; women aged 27–40 have also maintained use of be like over time. Such findings provide evidence of generational change, as well as of “lifespan change” (Sankoff 2005). Overall, the present findings indicate that be like is a true case of change in progress — a change still led by women; however they do not point to one particular type of change, suggesting that generational and communal change may operate simultaneously in the advancement of change.

Design Team Convergence: The Influence of Example Solution Quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Fu ◽  
Jonathan Cagan ◽  
Kenneth Kotovsky
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Engineering ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Solution Quality ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Over Time

This study examines how engineering design teams converge upon a solution to a design problem and how their solution is influenced by information given to them prior to problem solving. Specifically, the study considers the influence of the type of information received prior to problem solving on team convergence over time, as well as on the quality of produced solutions. To understand convergence, a model of the team members’ solution approach was developed through a cognitive engineering design study, specifically examining the effect of the introduction of a poor example solution or a good example solution prior to problem solving on the quality of the produced solutions. Latent semantic analysis was used to track the teams’ convergence, and the quality of design solutions was systematically assessed using pre-established criteria and multiple evaluators. Introducing a poor example solution was shown to decrease teams’ convergence over time, as well as the quality of their design solution; introducing a good example solution did not produce a statistically significant different effect on convergence compared with the control (with no prior example solution provided) but did lead to higher quality solutions.

Student Argumentation Work Sample Sorting Task and Teachers’ Evaluations of Arguments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-109
Author(s):  
Megan Staples ◽  
Jillian Cavanna
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Work Sample ◽  
Mathematical Arguments ◽  
Problem Solving Task ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Sample Sorting

To support teachers in implementing ambitious reform efforts, professional developers and teacher educators need to know more about teachers’ thinking about argumentation. Specifically, there is a need to understand more about teachers’ views and evaluations of students’ mathematical arguments as they play out in practice. In this article, we share a tool developed to elicit teachers’ pre- and postevaluations of students’ mathematical arguments on a problem-solving task. We discuss the design of the tool and provide evidence of its utility. Our findings indicate that the tool can be used to (a) identify changes in teachers’ evaluations of student mathematical arguments over time and (b) inform the design of professional learning experiences.

An Agile Mind in an Agile Body

2019 ◽  
pp. 748-762
Author(s):  
Ivar Hagendoorn
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Motor System ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Real ◽  
Movement Sequences ◽  
Dance Improvisation ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Different Parts

Dancers and choreographers have developed numerous improvisation techniques to facilitate the real-time composition of movement sequences, from simple behavioural tasks, such as drawing imaginary figures with different parts of the body, to problem-solving tasks that require the dancer to translate a word or a phrase into movement. This chapter explores the science behind a number of improvisation techniques. Among other things, it will show how some familiar dance improvisation techniques have their roots in properties of the motor system. In addition, it will show how experimental findings from cognitive neuroscience and psychology may inspire novel improvisation techniques. The emphasis is on practical techniques that can be easily performed by dancers and nondancers alike. Ultimately, the chapter argues that dance improvisation requires not just an agile body but first and foremost an agile mind.

scholarly journals Has the Real-Time Reliability of Monthly Indicators Changed over Time?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mark Bognanni
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
Data Release ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Over Time

Economic data are routinely revised after they are initially released. I examine the extent to which the real-time reliability of six monthly macroeconomic indicators important to policymakers has remained stable over time by studying the time-series properties of their short-term and long-term revisions. I show that the revisions to many monthly economic indicators display systematic behaviors that policymakers could build into their real-time assessments. I also find that some indicators’ revision series have varied substantially over time, suggesting that these indicators may now be less useful in real time than they once were. Lastly, I find that substantial revisions tend to occur indefinitely after the initial data release, a result which suggests a certain degree of caution is in order when using even thrice-revised monthly data in policymaking.

Realtime Learning and Attention Monitoring System for Competitive Exam Preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4016-4021
Author(s):  
J. K. Spoorthi ◽  
B. C. Thejas ◽  
M. V. Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Primary Result ◽  
Android Application ◽  
The Real ◽  
Exam Preparation

This paper represents the development of an android application for the competitive exam preparation. The proposed application estimates the real-time learning and problem-solving ability of the user. It calculates the time taken by the user for each question and provides feedback and to improve on the weak areas. The primary result of the project is to provide feedback to the user on the basis of time taken to solve each question and how many questions correctly/wrongly answered. With the help of this application, user can overcome his/her mistakes, and can try to improve his weak areas.

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