Feline Mandibular Fractures

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Woodbridge ◽  
Martin Owen
Keyword(s):  
Small Animal ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Fixation Techniques ◽  
Animal Surgery

Practical relevance: Mandibular fractures occur commonly in cats and appropriate treatment is vital to ensure restoration of dental occlusion and masticatory function. Clinical challenges: Historically, a relatively high complication rate has been reported in association with mandibular fracture repair, and these complications can represent a significant challenge for the veterinary surgeon. Audience: General practitioners as well as specialists in small animal surgery are presented with fractures of the mandible on a regular basis. Patient group: Cats of all ages can suffer mandibular fracture; however, young cats (mean age 30 months) are over-represented. No sex predilection is reported. Equipment: The nature of the equipment required for mandibular fracture repair varies greatly, depending on the fracture type and location. An uncomplicated mandibular symphyseal fracture requires only basic orthopaedic equipment whereas the surgeon must ensure they have access to a wide range of orthopaedic equipment prior to undertaking repair of a complex mandibular fracture. Evidence base: Management of mandibular fractures is a complex subject. Over the past three decades many fixation techniques have been described in the veterinary literature, with authors analysing and discussing the surgical management of these potentially challenging injuries.

scholarly journals A retrospective study of 109 dogs with mandibular fractures

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-05 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. de Rooster ◽  
S. M. Ferreira ◽  
G. Steenkamp ◽  
A. M. Kitshoff
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Fracture Line ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
New Treatment

SummaryObjective: To determine patient factors and fracture morphology of dogs presented with mandibular fractures to a small animal referral centre in South Africa.Methods: Patient data on age, sex, breed and aetiology of dogs with mandibular fractures were recorded. The fractures were classified according to the anatomical location, displacement, fracture type, fracture line direction, periodontal pathology, and whether there were teeth in the fracture line or not by evaluation of preoperative radiographs. Clinical observations indicated whether these fractures were open or closed.Results: In total, 109 dogs with 135 mandibular fractures were included in the study. Small breed dogs and dogs less than eight months of age predominated (102/109). Dog fights were the most common aetiology in this study (68/109). The molar region was the most commonly affected region (56/135). Evaluation of the radiographs revealed that transverse (73/135), relatively unstable (116/135), and displaced (112/135) fractures were the most common. The majority of fractures involved teeth in the fracture line (100/135), with the first molar frequently involved (54/135). The majority of fractures were open (104/135).Clinical significance: The results obtained from this study may be used to guide patient and fracture morphology selection in biomechanical studies of mandibular fracture repair techniques. Screening of this patient population may inspire the search for new treatment options for mandibular fracture repair in South Africa.

Mandibular fracture repair in dogs and cats using epoxy resin and acrylic external skeletal fixation

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Hobbs ◽  
A. P. Moores ◽  
D. Bennett ◽  
S. Carmichael ◽  
M. R. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Implant Loosening ◽  
Inhalational Anaesthesia ◽  
Iatrogenic Damage ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

SummaryMandibular fractures in 17 dogs and in eight cats were managed using external skeletal fixation (ESF) with acrylic or epoxy resin connecting bars. In order to maintain dental occlusion during fracture repair pha- ryngostomy or tracheostomy was performed in 12 dogs and in six cats to permit inhalational anaesthesia during surgery. All of the fractures healed with the exception of fractures in two dogs. Mandibular external skeletal fixation was well tolerated and there was not any evidence of iatrogenic damage to teeth nor to neurovascular structures within the mandible. Implant loosening was commonly observed at the time of fixator removal, but it did not affect the outcome.

scholarly journals Closed reduction in the treatment of neglected mandibular fractures at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitas Airlangga

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Olivia Jennifer Gunardi ◽  
Riska Diana ◽  
David Buntoro Kamadjaja ◽  
Ni Putu Mira Sumarta
Keyword(s):  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Intermaxillary Fixation

Background: The mandible is one of the bones most affected by facial fractures commonly resulting from trauma to the face. The ultimate goal of treatment is to re-establish the pre-injury dental occlusion (bite), mandibular anatomy and jaw function of the patient. Treatment approaches range from conservative non-invasive management by ’closed’ reduction and immobilization using intermaxillary fixation (IMF) to the more invasive surgery-based ’open’ reduction incorporating an internal fixation approach. Purpose: The purpose of this case series was to describe the close reduction method as a form of treatment in cases of neglected mandibular fracture. Cases: Four cases of single or multiple mandibular fracture were presented. Case management: All of the cases were managed using a closed reduction method and IMF. Conclusion: A closed reduction method in this case series produced encouraging results and could be considered an alternative in the treatment of neglected mandibular fractures with displacement.

Repair of Mandibular Fractures: Plating vs. Traditional Techniques

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Elliott Morgan ◽  
Julius N. Hicks ◽  
Thomas L. Eby ◽  
Thomas E. Borton
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Rigid Fixation ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
Fixation Techniques ◽  
And Function ◽  
Compression Plating ◽  
Indications For Use

The treatment of mandibular fractures is a challenge for the otorhinolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon. Recent technologic advances have resulted in the development of rigid fixation techniques that hold promise for the early and optimal restoration of mandibular structure and function. The purpose of this article is to review the dental and orthopedic principles used in our mandibular fracture management, describe compression plating methodology, and discuss optimal techniques for its use. Results using rigid fixation procedures were compared with those using a variety of more traditional techniques in a retrospective analysis of 57 cases. The advantages, limitations, and indications for use of plating technology are discussed, and prevention of complications is emphasized.

scholarly journals Complications of Mandibular Fracture Repair and Secondary Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Daniel Perez ◽  
Edward Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Secondary Reconstruction ◽  
Facial Injuries ◽  
The Common

AbstractMandibular fractures are common facial injuries. Their treatment varies as do postoperative complications. This paper discusses the common complications that are associated with the treatment of mandibular fractures and presents management strategies.

Treatment of caudal mandibular fracture and temporomandibular joint fracture-luxation using a bi-gnathic encircling and retaining device

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wyatt ◽  
H. Radke ◽  
S. J. Langley-Hobbs ◽  
I. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Joint Fracture ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Initial Reduction ◽  
Poor Tolerance ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Neck Fracture

SummaryFractures of the caudal portion of the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fracture-luxation can be challenging to treat with direct fixation methods. This paper describes a simple technique for the indirect treatment of caudal mandibular fracture and TMJ fracture-luxation using a subcutaneous loop of nylon leader line tunnelled around the maxilla, incisive and nasal bones, and under the mandible, placed just caudal to the canine teeth, and crimped ventral to the mandibular skin: a bi-gnathic encircling and retaining device (BEARD). A BEARD was used to treat two immature dogs with simple, unilateral caudal mandibular fractures, six cats with unilateral injury (two with TMJ luxation, three with TMJ fracture-luxation, one with caudal mandibular fracture), and two cats with bilateral injury (comminuted caudal mandibular fracture with contralateral TMJ luxation; bilateral condylar neck fracture). The BEARD treatment failed short-term due to poor tolerance in one cat, and concurrent injuries and poor initial reduction in another cat. One cat was lost to long-term follow-up. Rostral dental occlusion was normal in six out of seven cases, and reported jaw function was normal in seven out of seven cases. The case with poor occlusion had imperfect initial reduction. Complications included dorsal nasal skin swelling or discharge, oesophagostomy tube dislodgement or blockage, BEARD loosening, and regurgitation. Treatment of uni- or bilateral caudal mandibular trauma using a BEARD can lead to clinical union, and normal rostral occlusion, provided that case selection is appropriate and immediate-post-surgical occlusion has been corrected.

scholarly journals Pediatric mandibular fracture therapy: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Ivan Tusek ◽  
Miroslav Ilic ◽  
Jasmina Tusek ◽  
Stojan Ivic ◽  
Branislav Tusek
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Fracture Line ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Efficient Treatment

Introduction. Frequency of pediatric mandibular fractures is relatively uncommon. Apart from rare exceptions, there is minimal invasive access in the treatment of those injuries in order to avoid the future developmental disorders. Case report. During the game with a colt, a 6-year-old boy was kicked by hoof in the chin. The child did not lose consciousness and did not experience nausea or vomiting. According to clinical examination and radiological analysis, diagnosis was assigned as dislocated mandibular fracture in the parasymphysis part of the jaw and luxation injury of teeth 31 and 72. The surgical treatment under general anesthesia encompassed reduction and bimanual manipulation of bone fragments up to the optimal restoration of the dental occlusion, along with osteosynthesis with titanium miniplates. Luxated deciduous tooth 72 at the fracture line was extracted and luxated permanent tooth 31 was fixed to tooth 41 with wire. The patient was given antibiotic therapy. Additional immobilization of the luxated tooth 31 and mandibular fracture was performed after surgery by composite resin splint. During five-month follow-up period there were no signs of pathological movements in the fracture line, no luxation of tooth 31 and no restriction in mouth opening. Conclusion. Osteosynthesis with miniplates is adequate and very efficient treatment method in dislocated mandibular fracture that is recommended in children with both deciduous and mixed dentition. It is necessary to remove miniplates after fracture consolidation.

The Mini Instrument and Implant Set and its Clinical Application

1988 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortrun E.M. Pohler ◽  
M. L. Olmstead ◽  
K. L. Wendelburg ◽  
P. M. Montavon
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Articular Fractures ◽  
Animal Surgery ◽  
Small Bone ◽  
Fixation System

AO-ASIF methods and principles for fracture repair in small animal surgery are expanded with the use of the Mini Instrument and Implant Set. The technical characteristics of this fixation system, including Mini Plates particularly developed for the small animal patient, are presented. Three categories of clinical applications for the small size implants are reviewed and illustrated with clinical case reports. They include: (a) long bone fractures in patients under 5 kg, (b) articular fractures, (c) small bone fractures in larger dogs.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Role of the Mandibular First Molar Tooth in Mandibular Fracture Patterns of 29 Dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Scherer ◽  
Scott Hetzel ◽  
Christopher J. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Molar Tooth ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Fracture Classification ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Structural Support ◽  
Fracture Patterns ◽  
Mandibular First Molar

Mandibular fractures at the level of the first molar tooth (M1) were assessed in 29 dogs. Patients included in this study demonstrated fractures involving the M1 tooth, tooth bud, or alveolus (if tooth was absent). Diagnostic imaging evaluation included intraoral dental radiography and/or computed tomography (CT) with 3D reconstruction. The distal root was involved in 55.2% of cases, mesial root involvement in 34.5% of cases, and the tooth was absent in 10.3% of cases. Fractures were described in the rostral-to-caudal direction. Fractures tended to occur in the caudoventral direction ( P = .057). Cases with CT imaging were also evaluated in the buccolingual direction. Fractures were found to occur significantly more frequently in the caudolingual direction ( P = .022). When classifying fracture patterns along M1 according to a previously published fracture classification system, it was noted that fractures occurred significantly more frequently in either the mesial ( P < .001) or distal ( P < .001) roots by coursing along the periodontal ligament space and communicating with the periapical region. Active or nonworsening periodontitis was described as radiographic or tomographic evidence of (>25%) bone loss in the vertical or horizontal direction. Periodontitis was associated with 7 (24.1%) cases. These results help frame the challenges associated with fracture repair at the M1 location. Treatment planning considerations should include limited structural support caudal to fractures involving the distal root, more frequent involvement of the distal root over the mesial root, risk for poor endodontic prognosis, and the predilection for unfavorable fracture patterns to occur.

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