Refinement of the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI) and development of the short-form FMPI

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and responsiveness of the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI) using the collective results of multiple clinical studies and iteratively refine the FMPI for future use. Methods Data were compiled from previously conducted studies involving client-owned cats with degenerative joint disease (DJD) and which used the FMPI. The reliability of the FMPI was assessed using the data from the initial visits of those studies. For the assessment of responsiveness of the FMPI, only placebo-controlled studies that used analgesic treatments were included. Treatment groups from each study were combined and categorized as ‘placebo’ group and ‘analgesic’ group. Then, the mean change from baseline in score of each FMPI item and across all items within and between these groups were assessed. Based on the results of the reliability and responsiveness of the FMPI, stepwise elimination was used to remove the items that were least able to distinguish between the placebo and analgesic groups. Finally, after the stepwise elimination, a proposed new FMPI-short form (FMPI-sf) was constructed and its reliability was reassessed using the data sets described above. Individual and combined data sets of the studies were also used to compare the responsiveness of the original FMPI and the FMPI-sf. Results The data from 180 cats from four studies were included. The original FMPI had a reasonable reliability, but low/no responsiveness. The elimination process of FMPI items refined the responsiveness of the instrument while maintaining its reliability. When the responsiveness was compared between the original FMPI (17 items) and the FMPI-sf (nine items), the treatment effect between groups was always greater when the FMPI-sf was used. Conclusions and relevance The proposed FMPI-sf may be able to better distinguish between placebo and analgesic effects in cats with DJD.

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Osteotomy for Correction of Premature Growth Plate Closure in 24 Dogs

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1633134 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 07 (03) ◽

pp. 129-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

C.W. Miller ◽

P.W. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Corrective Osteotomy ◽

Functional Results ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Angular Deformity ◽

Dynamic Correction ◽

Age At Surgery ◽

Limb Deformities ◽

The Mean ◽

A Prospective Study

SummaryTwenty-four dogs (27 limbs) were evaluated after surgery for correction of forelimb angular limb deformities. Partial ulnar ostectomies or definitive corrective osteotomies were performed depending upon the age of the dog. According to owner assessment nine of fourteen limbs were considered functionally good, or excellent, after partial ulnar ostectomies. Younger dogs appeared to have better functional results after dynamic correction with the mean age at surgery of dogs with good to excellent results being 6.5 months contrasted to the mean age at surgery of dogs with fair to poor results being 9.75 months. Ten of fourteen limbs were considered functionally good or excellent after definitive corrective osteotomy. One dog had definitive osteotomy after partial ulnar ostectomy in order to further correct a residual angular deformity. However, 58% of the limbs with radiographic follow-up had signs of degenerative joint disease (DJD). There were not significant differences between neither degree of angulation remaining after surgery and the functional result nor the degree of angulation remaining after surgery and the development of DJD. A prospective study is warranted to more objectively assess the efficacy of surgical correction of angular limb deformities in dogs.Twenty-four dogs were evaluated after surgery for correction of forelimb angular limb deformities. The results are described.

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Clinical Evaluation and Long-Term Follow-Up of Dogs Having Coronoidectomy for Elbow Incongruity

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/0390473 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 473-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Margaret Puccio ◽

Dominic J. Marino ◽

Joseph D. Stefanacci ◽

Brian McKenna

Keyword(s):

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Disease Entity ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

The Mean ◽

Joint Incongruity

A retrospective study was performed describing the clinical presentations, radiographic findings, and surgical outcomes of 17 dogs (18 elbows) following medial coronoidectomy for the treatment of elbow joint incongruity as a sole disease entity. Complete resolution of lameness was achieved in 100% of the cases. The mean radiographic arthrosis grade progressed in 70% of the cases. Results of this study indicate that resolution of clinical lameness may be achieved with medial coronoidectomy in dogs with elbow incongruity; however, progression of degenerative joint disease with unknown, long-term clinical significance can be expected after surgery.

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Efficacy of intraarticular steroid injection in knee osteoarthritis using knee society score and visual analog score

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20190795 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Shriram Sampath ◽

J. K. Giriraj Harshavardhan

Keyword(s):

Knee Society Score ◽

Steroid Injection ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Post Injection ◽

Osteoarthritis Of Knee ◽

Osteoarthritis Knee ◽

The Mean ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Osteoarthritis of knee is a chronic degenerative joint disease which leads to pain, swelling, stiffness and decreased quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of intra-articular steroid injection for osteoarthritis knee by using knee society score (KSS) and visual analog scale (VAS).Methods: A prospective study of 38 patients (44 knees) diagnosed with osteoarthritis of knee were given 80mg of intra-articular methylprednisolone injection. The outcome was assessed using KSS and VAS before the injection and 3 months post injection.Results: The mean VAS improved 3 months post injection whereas there was no improvement in the mean KSS. The scores of VAS 3 months post injection were statistically significant whereas the KSS scores were statistically insignificant compared with the pre injection values.Conclusions: Intra-articular steroid injection for osteoarthritis of knee produces significant pain relief for most patients even in severe cases but this not translate to better functional outcomes.

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Analgesic effect of intra-articular ropivacaine injection after arthroscopic surgery on the shoulder joint in dogs

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/37/2017-vetmed ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 513-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.H. Kim ◽

S.H. Seok ◽

T.Y. Park ◽

H.J. Kim ◽

S.W. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Management ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Shoulder Arthroscopy ◽

Short Form ◽

Arthroscopic Surgery ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Human Medicine ◽

Joint Disease

Shoulder joint disorders are a major cause of forelimb lameness in dogs, and osteochondrosis, degenerative joint disease, and bicipital tenosynovitis are common joint disorders that have been reported in dogs. Many studies have investigated pain management after arthroscopy in human medicine, but reports from veterinary medicine are rare. Ropivacaine is a new amide local anaesthetic drug and a single isomer drug that is used more widely than bupivacaine in human medicine because it has fewer side effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic effect of intra-articular injection of ropivacaine after arthroscopic surgery in dog shoulder joints. To accomplish this, ten dogs were randomly divided into two groups of five who underwent the same anaesthesia protocol and shoulder arthroscopic examination. After shoulder arthroscopy, ropivacaine or 0.9% NaCl was injected into the shoulder joint cavity and the dogs were evaluated at one hour, two hours, four hours, six hours, 12 hours and 24 hours after surgery. The evaluated parameters were heart rate, respiratory rate, lameness score, visual analogue scale and the short form of the Glasgow composite measure pain scale. Ropivacaine showed a higher analgesic effect than 0.9% NaCl, indicating that it may be useful for pain management following arthroscopic surgery in dogs.

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Tibial tuberosity advancement in 65 canine stifles

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1633004 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 19 (04) ◽

pp. 219-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

J. M. Miller ◽

C. P. Ober ◽

O. I. Lanz ◽

R. A. Martin ◽

P. K. Shires ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Activity Level ◽

Tibial Tuberosity ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Patellar Ligament ◽

Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽

The Mean ◽

Owner Satisfaction

SummaryThe tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) procedure was developed to treat dogs with cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifles. A retrospective, descriptive study was performed on 57 dogs that underwent unilateral or bilateral TTA. Medical records were reviewed and pre-, postoperative and follow-up radiographs were evaluated for patellar ligament-tibial plateau angle (α), distance of the tibial tuberosity advancement and progression of degenerative joint disease. A questionnaire was sent to all owners to obtain their assessment of the procedural outcome. Sixty-five stifles in 57 dogs received a TTA. Mean age was 5.2 ± 2.5 years while mean weight was 39.7 ± 11.9 kg. Eighteen breeds were represented with Labrador retrievers and mixed breeds predominating. The mean duration of lameness prior to surgery was 6.2 ± 6.7 months, with a median lameness score of 3/4. Fifty-nine percent of cases encountered complications, the majority of which were minor. Major post-operative complications were uncommon but consisted of implant failure, tibial crest displacement and medial meniscal tears. The mean radiographic preoperative angle α was 100°, while the postoperative was 95.5°. Mean osteoarthrosis scores were significantly different between preoperative and follow-up radiographs with 67% of cases showing radiographic progression. Seventy percent of owners responded to the survey with overall outcome considered good to excellent in 90%. Activity level was improved in 90% of responses. TTA subjectively appears to be a useful alternative in the management of cranial cruciate ligament disease. Few severe complications were encountered. Good clinical outcome and owner satisfaction was reported with the procedure in this set of cases.

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Chondroprotection and Molecular Mechanism of Action of Phytonutraceuticals on Osteoarthritis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26082391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 2391

Author(s):

Stanislav Sukhikh ◽

Svetlana Noskova ◽

Svetlana Ivanova ◽

Elena Ulrikh ◽

Alexsander Izgaryshev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Pharmacological Treatments ◽

Action Mechanism ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽

Favorable Safety ◽

Alternative Drugs

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease and an important cause of incapacitation. There is a lack of drugs and effective treatments that stop or slow the OA progression. Modern pharmacological treatments, such as analgesics, have analgesic effects but do not affect the course of OA. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to serious side effects. Given the OA nature, it is likely that lifelong treatment will be required to stop or slow its progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for disease-modifying OA treatments that are also safe for clinical use over long periods. Phytonutraceuticals are herbal products that provide a therapeutic effect, including disease prevention, which not only have favorable safety characteristics but may have an alleviating effect on the OA and its symptoms. An estimated 47% of OA patients use alternative drugs, including phytonutraceuticals. The review studies the efficacy and action mechanism of widely used phytonutraceuticals, analyzes the available experimental and clinical data on the effect of some phytonutraceuticals (phytoflavonoids, polyphenols, and bioflavonoids) on OA, and examines the known molecular effect and the possibility of their use for chondroprotection.

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Stabilization of Talocalcaneal Luxation with a Dorsal 1.0 mm Compression Plate in Four Cats

VCOT Open ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. e72-e78

Author(s):

Matthew Smith ◽

Nicholas Macdonald

Keyword(s):

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Low Cost ◽

Case Series ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Compression Plate ◽

Cost Treatment

AbstractThe objective of this case series was to report the surgical technique, complications, and long-term outcome of feline talocalcaneal luxation stabilized with a dorsally applied two-hole, 1.0 mm compression plate. It is a retrospective study of four cats that underwent surgical stabilization of talocalcaneal luxation with a dorsally applied two-hole, 1.0 mm compression plate between 2013 and 2019. Medical history and diagnostic imaging (radiographs ± computed tomography scans) were reviewed. The owners of three of the four cats were contacted with a follow-up questionnaire based on the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index to assess long-term outcome. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were encountered. All three owner questionnaires were returned and Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index scores of 0, 1, and 4 were recorded out of a maximum score of 83 (normal cat range is −18 to 4; cats with degenerative joint disease range from 11 to 66). Quality of life was rated by the owners as excellent (⅔) or good (⅓). All cats returned to full activity. Stabilization of feline talocalcaneal luxation with a dorsally applied two-hole, 1.0 mm compression plate was technically straightforward, easily accessible, and a relatively low-cost treatment option which carries a low risk of complications and an excellent prognosis.

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Evaluation of fibular head transposition, lateral fabellar suture, and conservative treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in large dogs: a retrospective study

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/15473317-32-3-247 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 247-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

AE Chauvet ◽

AL Johnson ◽

GJ Pijanowski ◽

L Homco ◽

RD Smith

Keyword(s):

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Fibular Head ◽

Radiographic Evidence ◽

Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Ligament Rupture ◽

Evaluation Scores ◽

Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Sixty-one large dogs (weighing 22.7 kg or more) with cranial cruciate ligament ruptures (CCLRs) were treated with either fibular head transpositions (FHTs; n = 22 stifles), lateral fabellar sutures (LFSs; n = 39 stifles), or conservatively (CT; n = 11 stifles) with rest and aspirin. Based on owner evaluation, dogs treated with FHTs or CT did not perform as well as dogs treated with LFSs (p less than 0.05). There was no difference in owner evaluation scores for the dogs treated with FHTs or CT. Thirty dogs were reevaluated by investigators. No differences between treatment groups regarding age, sex, or time until diagnosis were noted. No differences in scores for lameness, stifle instability, or forceplate analysis among the treatment groups were observed. Degenerative joint disease progressed or remained severe regardless of treatment, based upon radiographic evidence.

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SERUM LEVEL OF MMP-3 IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTRITIS TREATED WITH TNF-α BLOKERS

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij3404939p ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 939-941

Author(s):

Stanislava Popova ◽

Mariela Geneva-Popova ◽

Anastas Batalov

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Serum Level ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Blocker Therapy ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

The Mean

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic enzymes whose primary function is to break down the extracellular matrix. MMPs are important for tissue remodeling and affect cell signaling. MMP-3 (Stromelysin-1, Transin-1) hydrolyzes natural collagen and extracellular matrix components such as proteoglycan, laminin, fibronectin, gelatin and collagen type III, IV and IX and activates the precursor of IL1-beta. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a rapidly developing, debilitating disease, and it is important for patients with it to identify serum biomarkers to predict its development. Patients and Methods: MMP-3 has been studied in 21 patients with PsA, 16 patients with PsA receiving TNF-α blocker therapy, and 22 patients with gonarthrosis and 15 healthy age-matched adults. All patients were treated and monitored at the University Clinic of Rheumatology, UMHAT “Kaspela“ and UMHAT “Steti Georgi”, Medical University, Plovdiv. The study of MMPs was performed using an ELISA methodology. Statistical processing of the data was performed using the SPSS 23 program with confidence (p <0.001). Results: The mean MMP-3 value in patients with PsA was 197.00 ± 35.90 pg / ml, in patients with AS 101.08 ± 15.76 ng / ml. The mean MMP-3 in patients with PsA receiving TNF-α blocker therapy and with low clinical disease activity was 50.48 ± 9.22 ng / ml. The mean MMP-3 in patients with gonarthrosis was 42.91 ± 11.72 ng / ml. The mean MMP-3 values in patients with active PsA were significantly different from those treated with TNF-α-blockers and patients with degenerative joint disease and controls (p <0.05). Conclusion: MMP-3 was significantly increased in patients with PsA compared with patients with osteoarthritis and healthy subjects. Administration of TNF-α blockers gradually leads to a decrease in the serum level of MMP-3 and can serve as a biomarker for disease activity as well as for evaluating the effect of therapy. arthrosis disease

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Robenacoxib shows efficacy for the treatment of chronic degenerative joint disease-associated pain in cats: a randomized and blinded pilot clinical trial

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87023-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Derek Adrian ◽

Jonathan N. King ◽

Rudolph S. Parrish ◽

Stephen B. King ◽

Steven C. Budsberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Linear Models ◽

Total Activity ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Mixed Effects ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Assessment Data ◽

Activity Data ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Parallel Group

AbstractThe main objective of this pilot clinical trial was to evaluate outcome measures for the assessment of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) robenacoxib in cats with degenerative joint disease-associated pain (DJD-pain). Otherwise healthy cats (n = 109) with DJD-pain entered a parallel group, randomized, blinded clinical trial. Cats received placebo (P) or robenacoxib (R) for two consecutive 3-week periods. Treatment groups were PP, RR, and RP. Actimetry and owner-assessment data were collected. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects and generalized mixed-effects linear models. Activity data showed high within-cat and between-cat variability, and 82.4% of the values were zero. Compared to placebo, mean total activity was higher (5.7%) in robenacoxib-treated cats (p = 0.24); for the 80th percentile of activity, more robenacoxib-treated cats had a > 10% increase in activity after 3 (p = 0.046) and 6 weeks (p = 0.026). Robenacoxib treatment significantly decreased owner-assessed disability, (p = 0.01; 49% reduction in disability; effect size ~ 0.3), and improved temperament (p = 0.0039) and happiness (p = 0.021) after 6 weeks. More robenacoxib-treated cats were successes at 6 weeks (p = 0.018; NNT: 3.8). Adverse effect frequencies were similar across groups. Results identified suitable endpoints for confirmatory studies, while also indicating efficacy of robenacoxib in cats with DJD-pain.

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