Ocular complications of Garcinia cambogia extract diet pills: Case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. NP21-NP26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-kyung Cho ◽  
Yong Seop Han ◽  
Jong Moon Park
Keyword(s):  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Hydroxycitric Acid ◽  
First Case ◽  
Key Enzyme

Background: Garcinia cambogia contains hydroxycitric acid. Hydroxycitric acid is a potent competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase which is a key enzyme in the synthesis of fatty acids. Hydroxycitric acid also regulates the level of serotonin. In these regards, hydroxycitric acid has been reported to exhibit weight loss activity. Adverse reactions of G. cambogia from numerous clinical studies demonstrated relatively mild reactions. However, there are some complications of G. cambogia reported in the past: acute liver injury, acute hepatitis, and hepatic failure. However, ocular complications of G. cambogia have not been reported yet. Case presentation: A 35-year-old female visited our clinic with decreased vision in the left eye and ocular pain in both eyes for the last 6 days. She also complained of headache, dizziness, and nausea. She had taken G. cambogia extract more than the recommended dose. There was myopic shift with anterior chamber shallowing in both eyes, especially in the left eye. Moreover, swelling and retinal folds of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macula were observed in both eyes. These ocular complications of G. cambogia extract resolved after discontinuation of the extract and topical and oral steroid treatment. Herein, we report the first case of ocular complications of G. cambogia extract diet pill assessed with optical coherence tomography of optic disk and macula along with dual Scheimpflug analyzer. Conclusion: It is necessary that physicians dealing with obesity advice patients about possible visual disturbance of this extract when taken in overdose so that they can see an ophthalmologist immediately.

The Effects of the Amount of Fluid Used in Epiduroscopic Laser Neural Discectomy Procedures on Intraocular Pressure and an Evaluation of the Ocular Findings

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1357-1361
Author(s):  
Serbülent Gökhan Beyaz ◽  
Ali Metin Ülgen ◽  
Burçin Çakir
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Epidural Pressure ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Ocular Findings ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction During epiduroscopic laser neural discectomy (ELNP) procedures, the amount of fluid used in the epidural area may cause increased intracranial pressure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of increased epidural pressure on intraocular pressure and other ocular findings due to the amount of fluid delivered to the epidural area and the rate of delivery of the fluid. Material and Methods After obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee of Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, patients who underwent ELNP in the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Algology Clinic, between January 2017 and May 2017 were included in this retrospective study. To evaluate the ocular findings after the operation, measurements obtained using an optical coherence tomography device were retrieved from the patient files and evaluated. Results Data from the medical files of 52 patients from the hospital system were evaluated. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, mean central macular thickness, optic disk area, and vertical cup-to-disk ratio (P > 0.05). Conclusions Epiduroscopy procedures include intermittent or continuous infusion of saline into the epidural area. Currently, the volume of fluid that should be given to the epidural area in epiduroscopy procedures is very controversial. As a result of this study, we concluded that the amount of fluid used during ELNP, at 107.25 mL and 8.33 mL/min, had no effect on the intraocular pressure, optic disk diameter, macular thickness, or peripapillary RNFL thickness; thus, it was safe for ELNP.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin m (IGM) Nephropathy in children - report of two cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-133
Author(s):  
Shireen Afroz ◽  
Maliha Alam Simi ◽  
Shanjida Sharmin ◽  
Laila Yeasmin ◽  
LC Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Complete Remission ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Basement Membrane Thickness ◽  
Igm Nephropathy ◽  
Steroid Dependence ◽  
First Case ◽  
Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome

Immunoglobulin M nephropathy (IgMN) is an idiopathic glomerulonephritis characterized by a variable degree of mesangialhypercellularity and diffuse IgM deposits.Patients usually presents with refractory nephrotic syndrome (NS) and hematuria. We present two patients with IgM nephropathy one with frequently relapsing NS with steroid dependence, treated with oral steroid and cyclophosphamide subsequently with tacrolimus. The patient showed complete remission but breakthrough relapses occurredduring the course of steroid treatment.The second case presented with persistentgross hematuria and nephroticrange proteinuria for 6 months. The patient showed complete remission of proteinuria and hematuria with oral steroid andremained on remission for9 months. Then again developed hematuria & proteinuria and subsequently showed response to oral steroid and cyclphosphamide . Renal histopathology & immunofluorescence study of first case revealed normal mesangial cellularity and basement membrane thickness with mesangial deposits of IgM. Second case showed global mesangial proliferation with increasing mesangial matrix with moderate mesangial deposits of IgM. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22709 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.1, April, 2014, Page 131-133

scholarly journals Dequalinium, a New Inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycothiol Ligase Identified by High-Throughput Screening

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Teresa Gutierrez-Lugo ◽  
Heather Baker ◽  
Joseph Shiloach ◽  
Helena Boshoff ◽  
Carole A. Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Dequalinium Chloride ◽  
Luminescent Assay

Mycothiol ligase (MshC) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of mycothiol, a small molecular weight thiol that is unique to actinomycetes and whose primary role is to maintain intracellular redox balance and remove toxins. MshC catalyzes the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—dependent condensation of cysteine and glucosamine-inositol (GI) to produce cysteine-glucosamine-inositol (CGI). MshC is essential to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and therefore represents an attractive target for chemotherapeutic intervention. A screening protocol was developed to identify MshC inhibitors based on quantification of residual ATP using a coupled luminescent assay. The protocol was used to screen a library of 3100 compounds in a 384-well plate format (Z′ ≥ 0.65). Fifteen hits (0.48%) were identified from the screen, and 2 hits were confirmed in a secondary assay that measures production of CGI. The structures of both hits contain N-substituted quinolinium moieties, and the more potent of the 2—namely, dequalinium chloride—inhibits MshC with an IC50 value of 24 ± 1 µM. Further studies showed dequalinium to be an ATP-competitive inhibitor of MshC, to bind MshC with a KD of 0.22 µM, and to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis under aerobic and anaerobic conditions with minimum inhibitory and anaerobic bactericidal concentrations of 1.2 and 0.3 µg/mL, respectively. The screening protocol described is robust and has enabled the identification of new MshC inhibitors. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2009:643-652)

Comparison of Optic Disk and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Nonglaucomatous and Glaucomatous Patients With High Myopia

2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo B. Melo ◽  
Rodrigo D. Libera ◽  
Aline S. Barbosa ◽  
Lia M.G. Pereira ◽  
Larissa M. Doi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

scholarly journals Case Report: Late-Onset Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Acute Covid-19 Infection in a Pregnant Woman: Multidisciplinary Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Giavoli ◽  
Enrico Iurlaro ◽  
Valentina Morelli ◽  
Giulia Rodari ◽  
Andrea Ronchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe impact of the Covid-19 infection on patients with chronic endocrine disease is not fully known. We describe here the first case of a pregnant woman with Covid-19 acute infection and non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH).Case descriptionA woman at 36 weeks of gestation was referred to our Maternity Hospital for premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Her medical history was positive for NCAH on chronic steroid replacement till the age of 17 years (cortisone acetate and dexamethasone, both in the morning). At admission, her naso-oro-pharyngeal swab resulted positive for SARS-CoV-2. Due to hyperpyrexia and late preterm PROM, cesarean section was planned, and she was started on a 100 mg-bolus of hydrocortisone, followed by continuous infusion of 200 mg/24 h. A female neonate in good clinical condition and with a negative nasopharyngeal Covid-19 swab was delivered. On second postpartum day, the mother was in good condition and was switched to oral steroid therapy. On third postpartum day she worsened, with radiological signs of acute pulmonary embolism. Oro-tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were started, and she was switched back to intravenous steroid therapy. On April 30, pulmonary embolism was resolved, and on May 13th she was discharged in good condition.ConclusionsWe report the first case of Covid-19 acute infection that occurred in late-pregnancy in a woman with NCAH on chronic steroid replacement. The management of the patient in a reference center with early involvement of a multidisciplinary team granted prompt care and adequate protection for all the involved sanitary operators.

scholarly journals Stent Flange-Induced Esophageal Stricture Treated with an Oral Steroid

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-355
Author(s):  
Junyoung Seo ◽  
Ju Sang Park
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Stricture ◽  
Anastomotic Stricture ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Metallic Stent ◽  
Endoscopic Balloon Dilation ◽  
Stent Removal ◽  
First Case ◽  
Covered Metallic Stent ◽  
Endoscopic Balloon

Esophageal stent complications include stent migration, tumor ingrowth, perforation, a broncho-esophageal fistula, and gastroesophageal reflux. Development of a new stricture at a flange site after stent removal has been predicted but not yet reported. We experienced the first case of a recurrent esophageal stricture induced by a stent flange after stent removal. A fully covered metallic stent, which had been inserted 2 months ago for treatment of an anastomotic stricture, triggered another stricture at the flange site. Although endoscopic balloon dilatations were repeated several times and then the 2nd stent for rescue therapy was inserted, the stricture was refractory to all treatment. Thus, we prescribed oral prednisolone with repeated endoscopic balloon dilation; the stricture eventually improved. The oral steroid seemed to suppress stricture development. If a stent flange-induced refractory stricture is encountered, an oral steroid combined with endoscopic balloon dilation may be helpful.

scholarly journals A Case of Neurosarcoidosis with Labyrinthine Involvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Johnson ◽  
Roxanne Melbourne-Chambers ◽  
Amit Manohar Saindane ◽  
Nilesh Desai ◽  
Myrton Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cranial Neuropathies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Bones

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, which may involve any organ system. It most commonly occurs in adults with childhood involvement being rare. Central nervous system involvement is seen in up to 25% and typically involves meningeal disease resulting in multiple cranial neuropathies. Other common clinical findings include seizures, headache, dementia, and pituitary dysfunction. Imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis with typical findings including pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal enhancing lesions. Other imaging findings include lacunar and major territory infarcts, hypothalamic and infundibular thickening, hydrocephalus, and cranial nerve enhancement. We present a case of an eight-year-old male patient with progressive headache, visual disturbance, unilateral sensory hearing loss, and multiple cranial neuropathies. Imaging findings demonstrated the classic pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal enhancement along much of the skull base, as well as enhancement of the right and left second and eighth cranial nerves. Extensive inflammatory changes were noted in the temporal bones and paranasal sinuses. There was also enhancement of the right and left labyrinths. Sinus biopsy confirmed sarcoidosis. We present the first case to our knowledge of sarcoid labyrinthitis.

Visual Disturbance in Patients with Melanocytoma of the Optic Disk

1990 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Usui ◽  
Motohiro Shirakashi ◽  
Akimitsu Kurosawa ◽  
Haruki Abe ◽  
Kazuo Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Optic Disk
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