scholarly journals Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine Against Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase of Madurella mycetomatis Using Immunoinformatics Approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117793221880970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa A Mohammed ◽  
Ayman MH ALnaby ◽  
Solima M Sabeel ◽  
Fagr M AbdElmarouf ◽  
Amina I Dirar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Strong Binding ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Madurella Mycetomatis

Background: Mycetoma is a distinct body tissue destructive and neglected tropical disease. It is endemic in many tropical and subtropical countries. Mycetoma is caused by bacterial infections ( actinomycetoma) such as Streptomyces somaliensis and Nocardiae or true fungi ( eumycetoma) such as Madurella mycetomatis. To date, treatments fail to cure the infection and the available marketed drugs are expensive and toxic upon prolonged usage. Moreover, no vaccine was prepared yet against mycetoma. Aim: The aim of this study is to predict effective epitope-based vaccine against fructose-bisphosphate aldolase enzymes of M. mycetomatis using immunoinformatics approaches. Methods and materials: Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase of M. mycetomatis sequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the nominee’s epitopes in Immune Epitope Database for B-cell, T-cell MHC class II and class I. Then the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program. Results and conclusions: The proposed and promising peptides KYLQ show a potent binding affinity to B-cell, FEYARKHAF with a very strong binding affinity to MHC I alleles and FFKEHGVPL that shows a very strong binding affinity to MHC II and MHC I alleles. This indicates a strong potential to formulate a new vaccine, especially with the peptide FFKEHGVPL which is likely to be the first proposed epitope-based vaccine against fructose-bisphosphate aldolase of M. mycetomatis. This study recommends an in vivo assessment for the most promising peptides especially FFKEHGVPL.

scholarly journals Epitope - based peptide vaccine againstFructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA)ofMadurella mycetomatisusing immunoinformatics approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa A. Mohammed ◽  
Ayman M. H. ALnaby ◽  
Solima M. Sabeel ◽  
Fagr M. AbdElmarouf ◽  
Amina I. Dirar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Strong Binding ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Madurella Mycetomatis

AbstractBackgroundMycetoma is a distinct flesh eating and destructive neglected tropical disease. It is endemic in many tropical and subtropical countries. Mycetoma is caused by bacterial infections (actinomycetoma) such as Streptomyces somaliensis and Nocardiae or true fungi (eumycetoma) such as Madurella mycetomatis. Until date, treatments fail to cure the infection and the available marketed drugs are expensive and toxic upon prolonged usage. Moreover, no vaccine was prepared yet against mycetoma.The aimof this study is to predict effective epitope-based vaccine against fructose-bisphosphate aldolase enzymes of M. mycetomatis using immunoinformatics approaches.Methods and MaterialsFructose-bisphosphate aldolase ofMadurella mycetomatisSequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the nominee’s epitopes in Immune Epitope Database for B-cell, T-cell MHC class II & I. Then the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program.Results and ConclusionsThe proposed and promising peptides KYLQ shows a potent binding affinity to B-cell, FEYARKHAF with a very strong binding affinity to MHC1 alleles and FFKEHGVPL that show a very strong binding affinity to MHC11and MHC1 alleles. This indicates a strong potential to formulate a new vaccine, especially with the peptide FFKEHGVPL which is likely to be the first proposed epitope-based vaccine against Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase of Madurella mycetomatis. This study recommends an in-vivo assessment for the most promising peptides especially FFKEHGVPL.

scholarly journals Epitope - based peptide vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus using immunoinformatics approaches

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa A. Mohammed ◽  
Shaza W. Shantier ◽  
Mujahed I. Mustafa ◽  
Hind K. Osman ◽  
Hashim E. Elmansi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Strong Binding ◽  
Glycoprotein G

AbstractBackgroundNipah virus (NiV) is a member of the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae, characterized by high pathogenicity and endemic in South Asia, first emerged in Malaysia in 1998. The case-fatality varies from 40% to 70% depending on the severity of the disease and on the availability of adequate healthcare facilities. At present no antiviral drugs are available for NiV disease and the treatment is just supportive. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis. Bats are the main reservoir for this virus, which can cause disease in humans and animals. The last investigated NiV outbreak has occurred in May 2018 in Kerala.ObjectiveThis study aims to predict effective epitope-based vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus using immunoinformatics approaches.Methods and MaterialsGlycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus sequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the nominee’s epitopes in BepiPred-2.0: Sequential B-Cell Epitope Predictor for B-cell, T-cell MHC class II & I. Then the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program.Results and ConclusionsPeptide TVYHCSAVY shows a very strong binding affinity to MHC I alleles while FLIDRINWI shows a very strong binding affinity to MHC II and MHC I alleles. This indicates a strong potential to formulate a new vaccine, especially with the peptide FLIDRINWI that is likely to be the first proposed epitope-based vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus. This study recommends an in-vivo assessment for the most promising peptides especially FLIDRINWI.

scholarly journals Epitope-Based Immunoinformatic Approach on Heat Shock 70 kDa Protein Complex of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Reham M. Elhassan ◽  
Nagla M. Alsony ◽  
Khadeejah M. Othman ◽  
Duaa T. Izz-Aldin ◽  
Tamadour A. Alhaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Population Coverage ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
Strong Binding

Introduction. Cryptococcosis is a ubiquitous opportunistic fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii. It has high global morbidity and mortality among HIV patients and non-HIV carriers with 99% and 95%, respectively. Furthermore, the increasing prevalence of undesired toxicity profile of antifungal, multidrug-resistant organisms and the scarcity of FDA-authorized vaccines were the hallmark in the present days. This study was undertaken to design a reliable epitope-based peptide vaccine through targeting highly conserved immunodominant heat shock 70 kDa protein of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii that covers a considerable digit of the world population through implementing a computational vaccinology approach. Materials and Methods. A total of 38 sequences of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii’s heat shock 70 kDa protein were retrieved from the NCBI protein database. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the aforementioned protein at the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) to discriminate the most promising T-cell and B-cell epitopes. The proposed T-cell epitopes were subjected to the population coverage analysis tool to compute the global population’s coverage. Finally, the T-cell projected epitopes were ranked based on their binding scores and modes using AutoDock Vina software. Results and Discussion. The epitopes (ANYVQASEK, QSEKPKNVNPVI, SEKPKNVNPVI, and EKPKNVNPVI) had shown very strong binding affinity and immunogenic properties to B-cell. (FTQLVAAYL, YVYDTRGKL) and (FFGGKVLNF, FINAQLVDV, and FDYALVQHF) exhibited a very strong binding affinity to MHC-I and MHC-II, respectively, with high population coverage for each, while FYRQGAFEL has shown promising results in terms of its binding profile to MHC-II and MHC-I alleles and good strength of binding when docked with HLA-C ∗ 12:03. In addition, there is massive global population coverage in the three coverage modes. Accordingly, our in silico vaccine is expected to be the future epitope-based peptide vaccine against Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii that covers a significant figure of the entire world citizens.

scholarly journals Design of Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase Protein Using Immunoinformatics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mustafa Elhag ◽  
Ruaa Mohamed Alaagib ◽  
Nagla Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Mustafa Abubaker ◽  
Esraa Musa Haroun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that is responsible for serious hospital-acquired infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and various sepsis syndromes. Also, it is a multidrug-resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity and its intrinsically advanced antibiotic-resistant mechanisms. It usually affects immunocompromised individuals but can also infect immunocompetent individuals. There is no vaccine against it available till now. This study predicts an effective epitope-based vaccine against fructose bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using immunoinformatics tools. The protein sequences were obtained from NCBI, and prediction tests were undertaken to analyze possible epitopes for B and T cells. Three B cell epitopes passed the antigenicity, accessibility, and hydrophilicity tests. Six MHC I epitopes were found to be promising, while four MHC II epitopes were found promising from the result set. Nineteen epitopes were shared between MHC I and II results. For the population coverage, the epitopes covered 95.62% worldwide excluding certain MHC II alleles. We recommend in vivo and in vitro studies to prove its effectiveness.

scholarly journals Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine Design Against Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase of Candida Glabrata: An Immunomics Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elamin Elhasan LM ◽  
Mohamed B. Hassan ◽  
Reham M. Elhassan ◽  
Fatima A. Abdelrhman ◽  
Essam A. Salih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
In Silico Tools

AbstractBackgroundCandida glabrata is a human opportunistic pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections. Although, there are multiple effective vaccines against fungal infections, and some of these vaccines were engaged in different stages of clinical trials, none of them yet approved by (FDA).AimTo predict the most conserved and immunogenic B- and T-cell epitopes from the Fructose Bisphosphate aldolase (Fba1) protein of C. glabrata.Materials and Methods13 C. glabrata Fructose bisphosphate aldolase protein sequences (361amino acid) were retrieved from NCBI and several in silico tools presented in the IEDB server for predicting peptides were used and homology modeling and molecular docking were performed.ResultThe promising B-cell Epitopes were AYFKPH, VDKESLYTK, and HVDKESLYTK. While, promising peptides which have the high affinity to MHC I binding were: AVHEALAPI, KYFKRMAAM, QTSNGGAAY, RMAAMNQWL and YFKEHGEPL. Two peptides (LFSSHMLDL and YIRSIAPAY) were noted to have the highest affinity to MHC class II that interact with 9 MHC class II alleles. The molecular Docking revealed the epitopes QTSNGGAAY and LFSSHMLDL have the high binding energy to MHC moleculesConclusionThe epitope-based vaccines predicted by using immunoinformatics tools have remarkable advantages over the conventional vaccines that they are more specific, less time consuming, safe, less allergic and more antigenic. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments are needed to prove the effectiveness of the best candidates epitopes (QTSNGGAAY and LFSSHMLDL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has predicted B- and T-cells epitopes from Fba1 protein by using in silico tools in order to design an effective epitope-based vaccine against C. galabrata.

scholarly journals Design of Epitope Based Peptide Vaccine Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase Protein using Immunoinformatics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Elhag ◽  
Ruaa Mohamed Alaagib ◽  
Nagla Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Mustafa Abubaker ◽  
Esraa Musa Haroun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sepsis Syndrome ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Hospital Acquired

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is common pathogen that is responsible of serious illnesses hospital acquired infection as ventilator associated pneumonia and various sepsis syndrome. Also it is a multidrug resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity, its intrinsically advanced antibiotic resistant mechanisms. generally affects the immuonocompromised but can also infect the immunocompetent as in hot tub folliculitis. There is no vaccine against it available till now. This study predicts an effective epitope-based vaccine against Fructose bisphosphate aladolase (FBA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using immunoinformatics tools. The sequences were obtained from NCBI and prediction tests took place to analyze possible epitopes for B and T cells. Three B cell epitopes passed the antigenicity, accessibility and hydrophilicity tests. Six MHC I epitopes were the most promising, while four from MHC II. Nineteen epitopes were shared between MHC I and II. For the population coverage, the epitopes covered 95.62% of the alleles worldwide excluding certain MHC II alleles. We recommend invivo and invitro studies to prove it’s effectiveness.

scholarly journals Immunoinformatics Prediction of Epitope Based Peptide Vaccine Against Schistosoma Mansoni Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase Protein

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Elhag ◽  
Ruaa Mohamed Alaagib ◽  
Esraa Musa Haroun ◽  
Nagla Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Sahar Obi Abd Albagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
High Binding ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate ◽  
High Binding Affinity

AbstractSchistosoma Mansoni represents an important tropical disease that can cause schistosomiasis mostly in Africa and Middle East with high mortality rates. Moreover, no vaccine against it exists. This study predicts an effective epitope-based vaccine against Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate Aldolase (FBA) enzyme of Schistosoma Mansoni using immunoinformatics approaches. FBA is important for production of energy required for different schistosome activities and survival. The sequences were retrieved from NCBI and several prediction tests were conducted to analyze possible epitopes for B-cell, T-cell MHC class I and II. Tertiary structure of the most promising epitopes was obtained. Two epitopes showed high binding affinity for B-cells, while four epitopes showed high binding affinity for MHCI and MHCII. The results were promising to formulate a vaccine with more than 99.5% population coverage. We hope that these promising epitopes serves as a preventive measure for the disease in the future and recommend invivo and invitro studies.

scholarly journals Epitope‐based peptide vaccine design and target site depiction against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: an immune-informatics study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar ◽  
Saman Saleem ◽  
Usman Ali Ashfaq ◽  
Amna Bari ◽  
Farooq Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Middle East ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
B Cell Epitopes ◽  
S Protein

Abstract Background Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-COV) is the main cause of lung and kidney infections in developing countries such as Saudi Arabia and South Korea. This infectious single-stranded, positive (+) sense RNA virus enters the host by binding to dipeptidyl-peptide receptors. Since no vaccine is yet available for MERS-COV, rapid case identification, isolation, and infection prevention strategies must be used to combat the spreading of MERS-COV infection. Additionally, there is a desperate need for vaccines and antiviral strategies. Methods The present study used immuno-informatics and computational approaches to identify conserved B- and T cell epitopes for the MERS-COV spike (S) protein that may perform a significant role in eliciting the resistance response to MERS-COV infection. Results Many conserved cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes and discontinuous and linear B-cell epitopes were predicted for the MERS-COV S protein, and their antigenicity and interactions with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B7 allele were estimated. Among B-cell epitopes, QLQMGFGITVQYGT displayed the highest antigenicity-score, and was immensely immunogenic. Among T-cell epitopes, MHC class-I peptide YKLQPLTFL and MHC class-II peptide YCILEPRSG were identified as highly antigenic. Furthermore, docking analyses revealed that the predicted peptides engaged in strong bonding with the HLA-B7 allele. Conclusion The present study identified several MERS-COV S protein epitopes that are conserved among various isolates from different countries. The putative antigenic epitopes may prove effective as novel vaccines for eradication and combating of MERS-COV infection.

scholarly journals A Superantigen-Antibody Fusion Protein for T-Cell Immunotherapy of Human B-Lineage Malignancies

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 2089-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Gidlöf ◽  
Mikael Dohlsten ◽  
Peter Lando ◽  
Terje Kalland ◽  
Christer Sundström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
B Lineage

Abstract The bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) is an efficient activator of cytotoxic T cells when presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules of target cells. Our previous studies showed that such SEA-directed T cells efficiently lysed chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells. Next, we made a mutated SEA–protein A (SEAm-PA) fusion protein with more than 1,000-fold reduced binding affinity for MHC class II compared with native SEA. The fusion protein was successfully used to direct T cells to B-CLL cells coated with different B lineage–directed monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). In this communication, we constructed a recombinant anti-CD19-Fab-SEAm fusion protein. The MHC class II binding capacity of the SEA part was drastically reduced by a D227A point mutation, whereas the T-cell activation properties were retained. The Fab part of the fusion protein displayed a binding affinity for CD19+ cells in the nanomolar range. The anti-CD19-Fab-SEAm molecule mediated effective, specific, rapid, and perforin-like T-cell lysis of B-CLL cells at low effector to target cell ratios. Normal CD19+ B cells were sensitive to lysis, whereas CD34+ progenitor cells and monocytes/macrophages were resistant. A panel of CD19+ B-cell lines representing different B-cell developmental stages were efficiently lysed, and the sensitivity correlated with surface ICAM-1 expression. The anti-CD19-Fab-SEAm fusion protein mediated highly effective killing of tumor biopsy cells representing several types of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). Humanized severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice carrying Daudi lymphoma cells were used as an in vivo therapy model for evaluation of the anti-CD19-Fab-SEAm fusion protein. Greater than 90% reduction in tumor weight was recorded in anti-CD19-Fab-SEAm–treated animals compared with control animals receiving an irrelevant Fab-SEAm fusion protein. The present results indicate that MoAb-targeted superantigens (SAgs) may represent a promising approach for T-cell–based therapy of CD19+ B-cell malignancies.

scholarly journals Immuno-informatics Design of a Multimeric Epitope Peptide Based Vaccine Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onyeka S. Chukwudozie ◽  
Clive M. Gray ◽  
Tawakalt A. Fagbayi ◽  
Rebecca C. Chukwuanukwu ◽  
Victor O. Oyebanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Epitope Peptide ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
B Cell Epitopes ◽  
Antibody Recognition

ABSTRACTDeveloping an efficacious vaccine to SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical to stem COVID-19 fatalities and providing the global community with immune protection. We have used a bioinformatic approach to aid in the design of an epitope peptide-based vaccine against the spike protein of the virus. Five antigenic B cell epitopes with viable antigenicity and a total of 27 discontinuous B cell epitopes were mapped out structurally in the spike protein for antibody recognition. We identified eight CD8+ T cell 9-mers along with 12 CD4+ T cell 14-15-mer as promising candidate epitopes putatively restricted by a large number of MHC-I and II alleles respectively. We used this information to construct an in silico chimeric peptide vaccine whose translational rate was highly expressed when cloned in pET28a (+) vector. The vaccine construct was predicted to elicit high antigenicity and cell-mediated immunity when given as a homologous prime-boost, with triggering of toll-like receptor 5 by the adjuvant linker. The vaccine was characterized by an increase in IgM and IgG and an array of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Upon in silico challenge with SARS-CoV-2, there was a decrease in antigen levels using our immune simulations. We therefore propose that potential vaccine designs consider this approach.

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