Mutations of Fas (APO-1/CD95) and p53 Genes in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Boldrini ◽  
Barbara Loggini ◽  
Silvia Gisfredi ◽  
Ylenia Zucconi ◽  
Fulvia Baldinotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Ligand Expression

Background: There is considerable evidence that apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of skin diseases. Apoptosis failure may ensure the survival of transformed cells prone to sustain further genetic damage and it plays an important part in the development of tumors. Genetic alterations of Fas and p53, with consequent inactivation of gene protein products, may be involved in transcriptional downregulation of Fas. Objective: We investigated Fas and its ligand expression in 30 cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer, 19 basal cell and 11 squamous cell carcinomas, and we also analyzed Fas and p53 status, in an attempt to detect putative alterations. Method: Fas and its ligand expression were evaluated by RT-PCR; the promoter and the entire coding region of Fas, and the coding exons 4–9 of p53 were investigated by polymerase chain reaction, single strand conformation polymorphism, and DNA sequencing. Results: Fas alterations were found in 3/19 (15.8%) basal cell and in 4/11 (36.4%) squamous cell carcinomas. Five out of 25 cases (3/19 basal cell and 2/11 squamous cell carcinomas) were p53-mutated, and in the majority of these cases there were concomitant mutations of the Fas gene (χ2 test; p = 0.035). Conclusion: Taken together, our findings highlight an involvement of the Fas/Fas-ligand system in the development of skin cancer, suggesting that the loss of its apoptotic function, in some cases linked to p53 alterations, may contribute to the self-maintenance of cancer cells.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas in a Department of Dermatology: a 5 year review

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Andrade ◽  
Maria Manuel Brites ◽  
Ricardo Vieira ◽  
Angelina Mariano ◽  
José Pedro Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Skin Neoplasms ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Melanoma Skin

BACKGROUND: Non-melanoma skin cancer, a common designation for both basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, is the most frequent malignant skin neoplasm. OBJECTIVE: Epidemiologic characterization of the population with Non-melanoma skin cancer. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with Non-melanoma skin cancer based on histopathologic analysis of all incisional or excisional skin biopsies performed between 2004 and 2008 in a Department of Dermatology. RESULTS: A total of 3075 Non-melanoma skin cancers were identified, representing 88% of all malignant skin neoplasms (n=3493) diagnosed in the same period. Of those, 68,3% were basal cell carcinomas. Most Non-melanoma skin cancer patients were female and over 60 years old. Of all Non-melanoma skin cancer, 81,7% (n=1443) were located in sun-exposed skin, and represented 95,1% of malignant skin neoplasms in sun-exposed skin. Non-melanoma skin cancer was the most frequent malignant skin neoplasm in most topographic locations, except for abdomen and pelvis - over 95% of all malignant skin neoplasms in the face, neck and scalp were Non-melanoma skin cancer. Basal cell carcinomas were clearly predominant in all locations, except in upper and lower limbs, lower lip and genitals, where squamous cell carcinomas represented respectively 77,7%, 77,4%, 94,7% and 95,3% of the Non-melanoma skin cancers. CONCLUSION: Being the most common skin cancer, Non-melanoma skin cancer should be under constant surveillance, in order to monitor its epidemiologic dynamics, the efficiency of preventive measures and the adaptation of the healthcare resources.

scholarly journals Nonmelanoma skin cancer in the population of the city of Belgrade in the period 1999-2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Videnovic ◽  
Dragan Miljus ◽  
Danijela Ilic ◽  
Dragan Krasic ◽  
Snezana Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Carcinoma ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers ◽  
The City ◽  
Squamous Cell Skin Carcinoma

Introduction. Nonmelanoma skin cancers in the literature are mainly related to basal cell and squamous cell skin carcinoma. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the trend in the incidence of histological types of nonmelanoma skin cancers in the population of the city of Belgrade from 1999 to 2011. Methods. From the Serbian National Cancer Registry we extracted all recorded cases of skin cancer in Belgrade from January 1st 1999 to December 31st 2011. Incidence rates were standardized by the method of direct standardization with the world population as the standard population. Trends and annual percentage change (APC) of incidence rate were calculated by performing joinpoint regression analyses. Results. Incidence rate of nonmelanoma skin cancer showed significantly increasing trend between 1999 and 2006 with APC of 8.6% (95% CI: 5.6-11.7), basal cell carcinoma increased with APC of 8.4% (95% CI: 5.2-11.6) and squamous cell skin carcinoma with APC of 9.33% (95% CI: 5.7-13.1). The incidence increased with age for both men and women, especially after the age of 60. Conclusion. Our results showed a continuously increasing incidence trend of both basal cell and squamous cell skin carcinomas in the population of the city of Belgrade between 1999 and 2011. Adequate primary and secondary prevention would certainly be successful in reducing this type of cancer in the future.

Increased incidence of non-melanomatous skin cancer in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, an 11-year case-control study

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 19554-19554
Author(s):  
M. W. Schoen ◽  
P. S. Gable ◽  
A. M. Reese
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Malignant Lesions

19554 Background: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a disease of B lymphocytes that affects immune tolerance and surveillance. Patients with CLL have an increased risk of basal and squamous cell skin carcinomas, which tend to be aggressive. We report the incidence of non-melanomatous (NM) in a >80% Caucasian cohort of patients with CLL and compared them to normal controls who reside in Southern California. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients in the Naval Medical Center San Diego tumor registry with CLL diagnosed between Jan 1, 1995 and Dec 31, 2005. The electronic records of 74 CLL patients and 100 control patients from the internal medicine clinic were assessed for skin biopsies performed at our institution revealing NM skin malignancies. Results: Within our CLL population, the average age at diagnosis was 72.2 years. 34% (25/74) had NM skin cancer with an incidence of 11,457 NM skin cancers per 100,000 person-years. The average number of malignant lesions was 3.7 per patient with one patient receiving 17 biopsies. 27% (7/25) of CLL patients with NM skin cancer had only squamous cell carcinoma and 23% (6/25) had only basal cell carcinoma. 42% (11/25) of patients had both squamous and basal cell cancers and one had a Merkel cell carcinoma. In the control population, the average age at diagnosis was 76.4 years. 16% (16/100) had NM skin malignancies with an incidence of 5,333 NM skin cancers per 100,000 person-years. The average number of malignant lesions was 3.7 per patient with one patient receiving 28 biopsies. 63% (10/16) had basal cell carcinomas, only 25% (4/16) had squamous cell carcinomas and 13% (2/16) had both types of cancer. Conclusions: Patients with CLL are at increased risk of developing NM skin cancers, especially squamous cell carcinomas. Patients with CLL have a 2.1 times higher risk of developing NM skin cancer than our control population, who had an incredibly high rate of skin cancer compared to prior publications. CLL patients should be closely screened for cutaneous malignancies in order to excise them before they cause further morbidity. Increased surveillance is especially prudent for elderly patients with fair skin types who have been exposed to a large amount of UV-light. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Rarity of Human Papillomavirus in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer among Immunocompetent Patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Karagas ◽  
S.K. Spencer ◽  
Martin A. Weinstock ◽  
J. Kuypers ◽  
M. Koff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Background: The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) among immunocompentent individuals is not well understood. Objective: We tested for the presence of HPV DNA in NMSC of immunocompetent patients from New England. Methods: Biopsies taken from 59 patients were reviewed histopathologically. A segment of the biopsy and scrapings from a site remote from the skin lesion were analyzed for HPV using a standardized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA amplification assay. Results: Of 55 evaluable samples, 21 were histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 25 were basal cell carcinomas (BCC), and nine had other diagnoses. Two samples were HPV-positive (3.6%): a basal cell carcinoma of the forehead and a squamous cell carcinoma of the thumbnail bed. Type analysis of these samples revealed HPV 16 from both lesions. Conclusion: The HPV DNA is not commonly detected in NMSCs of immunocompetent patients using standard laboratory techniques. It is possible, however, that a wider range of HPV types could be detected using more sensitive assays; this warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals New Therapeutic Opportunities for the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Focus on Novel Driver Kinases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2831
Author(s):  
Ryan Bensen ◽  
John Brognard
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Copy Number Gain ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Genetic Landscape

Squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, head and neck, esophagus, and cervix account for more than two million cases of cancer per year worldwide with very few targetable therapies available and minimal clinical improvement in the past three decades. Although these carcinomas are differentiated anatomically, their genetic landscape shares numerous common genetic alterations. Amplification of the third chromosome’s distal portion (3q) is a distinguishing genetic alteration in most of these carcinomas and leads to copy-number gain and amplification of numerous oncogenic proteins. This area of the chromosome harbors known oncogenes involved in squamous cell fate decisions and differentiation, including TP63, SOX2, ECT2, and PIK3CA. Furthermore, novel targetable oncogenic kinases within this amplicon include PRKCI, PAK2, MAP3K13, and TNIK. TCGA analysis of these genes identified amplification in more than 20% of clinical squamous cell carcinoma samples, correlating with a significant decrease in overall patient survival. Alteration of these genes frequently co-occurs and is dependent on 3q-chromosome amplification. The dependency of cancer cells on these amplified kinases provides a route toward personalized medicine in squamous cell carcinoma patients through development of small-molecules targeting these kinases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document